| 释义 |
refiner|rɪˈfaɪnə(r)|
[f. refine v. + -er1.]
1. a. One who or that which refines or purifies substances; spec. one who makes a business of refining (metal, sugar, etc.).
1598Barret Theor. Warres v. iii. 133 Two or three Refiners of powder. 1611Bible Mal. iii. 2 He is like a refiners fire, and like fullers sope. 1648Boyle Seraph. Love v. (1700) 38 'Tis not the custom of Refiners to snatch the belov'd Metal out of the Fire..till it have stood its due time. 1720Strype Stow's Surv. v. xv. II. 244 The former Refiners of Sugar added thereunto corrupt Mixtures to their own private Gain. 1832H. Martineau Hill & Valley iv. 61 They saw the refiners take it by turns to run out their moulds of metal. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Refiner's-sweeps, the refuse filings or dust collected from the workshops of silver-smiths and jewellers to be re⁓smelted. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. i. vii, The enriched water in which they wash them is bought for the refiners.
fig.1629W. Simons Proc. Virginia iii. in Capt. Smith's Wks. (1819) I. 169 The worst was our guilded refiners with their golden promises made all men their slaues in hope of recompences.
b. An apparatus for refining; spec. a machine used in paper-making in which knots and lumps in the pulp are broken down by scissoring between blades or discharged by centrifugal action.
1624Capt. Smith Virginia iii. vii. 68 We spent some time in refyning, having..a refyner fitted for that purpose. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 458/2 One form of beater [for paper making] has already been referred to..but engines of quite a different construction are now used largely in American mills, and also to some extent in Great Britain. These are known as ‘refiners’. Ibid. 459/1 By the use of the refiner the time occupied in the beater can be reduced by nearly one half. 1929Clapperton & Henderson Mod. Paper Making vi. 68 The final clearing of knots, and the reduction of the longer fibres to a uniform length, are often performed by a refiner or perfecting engine. 1963R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking ii. 55 The Bauer refiner consists of two discs which rotate in opposite directions, the bars of which form a variety of cutting surfaces according to the character of the stock and the grade of paper to be manufactured.
2. One who, or that which, imparts elegance, polish, or culture; a remover of rudeness, grossness, or vulgarity.
1605Camden Rem. 28, I may be charged by the minion refiners of English [etc.]. 1625tr. Decameron title, The Modell of Wit,..by the Renowned John Boccacio, the first Refiner of Italian prose. 1633Wotton Let. in Reliq. (1685) 463 War it self is a greater refiner of spirits in little time. 1715M. Davies Athen. Brit. I. 30 The two first Refiners of the English Tongue. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. II. xxi. 421 A destroyer, a consumer, and refiner of grossness. 1801H. More Wks. I. 26 Hail, Conversation..Refiner of the social plan! 1855Lewes Goethe I. 229 There can be no sweeter, tenderer refiners in the world than German ladies. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets v. 145 The three refiners of language.
3. One who refines in speculation or reasoning.
1586Puckering in Plea Sacram. Test 82 The Writings of godly and learned Men, neither answered nor answerable by these new-fangled Refiners. 1654Jer. Taylor Real Pres. A 4 The zeal of prevailing in it hath so blinded the refiners of it in this age, that they still urge these miracles for proof. c1685Temple Ess., Poetry Wks. 1731 I. 248 There are no where..so many Reasoners upon Government, so many Refiners in Politicks. 1754Edwards Freed. Will ii. vii. (1762) 64, I wish such Refiners would thoroughly consider whether they distinctly know their own Meaning. |