| 释义 |
vehement, a. (and adv.)|ˈviːɪmənt), ˈviːhɪmənt|
Also 6 Sc. viement.
[a. OF. vehement (F. véhément, = Sp. and Pg. vehemente, It. veemente), or ad. L. vehement-, vehemens violent, impetuous, etc., usually regarded as f. vehe- (= vē- in vēcors) lacking, wanting + mens mind.]
I.
1. Intense, severe; rising to a high degree or pitch: a. Of pain, illness, etc.
1485St. Wenefryde (Caxton) 12 The languour and maladye was vehement and encreaced dayly. 1555Eden Decades (Arb.) 148 Vaschus..fell into a vehement feuer by reason of excesse of labour. 1563T. Gale Antidot. ii. 39 It doeth also cease vehement dolour and payne. 1653W. Ramesey Astrol. Restored 325 [A] Comet..signifieth..vehement sicknesses. 1725N. Robinson Th. Physick 268, I order'd the following Mixture to be externally apply'd to his Side..while his Pain was very vehement. 1804Abernethy Surg. Obs. 96 Vehement erysipelatous or irritative inflammation took place.
b. Of heat or cold, etc.
1554W. Prat Discript. Aphrique C viii b, The earthe..is made hote in a lytle space by the vehemente heate of the ayre. 1576Newton Lemnie's Complex. (1633) 62 The fire is vehementer, and the hearth is of heat sometime extreme, sometime more soft and milde. 1609C. Butler Fem. Mon. (1623) R 3, The Snow..causeth them presently to fall, and with his vehement cold to rise no more. 1666Boyle Orig. Forms & Qual. 320 Salt of Tartar requires a vehement fire to flux it. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) I. 564 The action of the Sun would there have been too vehement.
2. Of natural forces: Operating with great strength or violence; esp. of wind, blowing very strongly or violently.
1531Elyot Gov. i. ii, The bees may issue out of theyr stalles without peryll of rayne or vehement wynde. 1563Fulke Meteors (1640) 30 When the lightning is not vehement. 1579Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 242 Aganis sa suddane and viement ane storm. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 832 The Land..would be violently hot, if a fresh easterly breeze did not coole it with vehement breath in the heat of the day. 1625in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 196 The barge⁓windows, notwithstanding the vehement shower, were open. a1701Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 9 The Rain was so vehement. 1728Morgan Algiers II. v. 299 The succeeding vehement Deluges of Rain rendered their Incampment superlatively comfortless. 1837Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. i. Look at Clock, Like a Weather-cock whirled by a vehement puff, David turned himself round.
b. In general use: Strong and rapid.
1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet in Aliments, etc. 317 Violent Sweats proceed from a Laxity of the Vessels and too vehement a Circulation of the Blood.
c. Of sound: Excessively loud.
1752H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 415 The two Gunnings, who have made so vehement a noise.
3. Of actions: Characterized by great physical exertion; performed with unusual force or violence.
1531Elyot Gov. i. xvi, By exercise, whiche is a vehement motion,..the helthe of man is preserued, and his strength increased. 1574Newton Health Mag. 6 Those persons..may use vehementer exercise and stronger ambulations. c1650Don Bellianis 34 With such vehement vigour he assaulted his foes, that his men regained their lost advantage. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 191 At the close of each stanza a hearty roar, and a vehement thrumming on the table. 1833H. Martineau Manch. Strike 92 The clapping..was twice as long and twice as vehement as usual. 1873M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma 309 Who that observes this delighted adoption of vehement rites..can doubt, that [etc.].
transf.1638Junius Paint. Ancients 12 They must secondly, consider what a vehement efficacy there is in man's wit. 1758Johnson Idler No. 1 ⁋11 These vehement exertions of intellect cannot be frequent. 1865Trollope Belton Est. v. 53 The woman was making a vehement effort to speak in her natural voice.
†4. Of remedies, etc.: Having a powerful effect upon the system. Obs.
1541R. Copland Galyen's Terap. 2 E iij, All the body muste be emptyed..or that any partye be take subiecte to the stronge and vehement remedyes. 1562W. Bullein Bulwarke, Bk. Simples (1579) 5 b, The longe Onion is more vehementer then the rounde, and the Redde more then the white. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 691 The gall of swine is not very vehement. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 199 In the beginning over vehement warmings are to be avoided. 1656J. Smith Pract. Physick 96 The juyce of wild Cucumber is not so vehement as they commonly report.
†b. Of taste: Strong, pungent. Obs.
1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa Introd. 42 Being in shape somewhat like to the Millet of Italy, but of a most vehement and firy tast.
†c. Vivid; intensely bright. Obs.
1635Swan Spec. M. v. §2 (1643) 131 These colours in some rain-bows are more vehement or apparent. 1692Ray Creation (ed. 2) ii. 25 Preserving the Eye from being injured by too vehement and lucid an Object.
II.
5. a. Of suspicion or likelihood: Very strong. Now arch.
1516Acts Parl. Scot. (1875) XII. 36/2 All Lawis excludis þe said governour fra administracion and governance for suspicioun vehement and violent. 1565in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. II. 208 The Quenes howsbande beinge entred into a vehement suspicion of David. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretary ii. (1625) 20 Notwithstanding all those vehement likelihoods, yet I will not condemne you till I see how you confute me. 1610Donne Pseudo-martyr 342 From your Syluester wee learne, That the Popes precepts binde not, where there is vehement likelyhood of trouble or scandall. 1811Southey in Life A. Bell (1844) II. 644 Mrs. Trimmer's book..I much wish to see, having a vehement suspicion that some parts of it have been misrepresented.
†b. Of proof, etc.: Strong, forcible, cogent; capable of producing conviction. Obs.
1530Tindale Wks. (Parker Soc. 1848) 428 There is not a better, vehementer, or mightier thing to make a man understand..than an allegory. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. i. 33 And these vehement demonstrations twice repeted suffer it to be drawen no other where but to Christ. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 61 The valliantnesse, constancie, and sobernesse of your person, then which nothing can be more vehement and patheticall. 1731Chandler tr. Limborchi's Hist. Inquis. II. 215 When these Proofs are vehement or sufficient for the Torture, it is left for the Judge to determine.
†c. Very close or intimate. Obs.—1
1596Bacon Max. & Use Com. Law xiv. (1630) 59 The law is more strong in that case, because of the vehement relation which the enrolment hath to the time of the bargaine and sale.
6. Of thoughts, feelings, etc.: Extremely strong or deep; ardent, eager, passionate.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 233 Meditacyon is a vehement or a huge goostly applicacion of the mynde. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 328 The Phisitions..judged by and by the disase to come of a vehement thought. 1574tr. Marlorat's Apocalips 8 It is a salutation or greeting full of vehement and hartie good wil. 1604T. Wright Passions v. §3. 177 The vehementer passion venteth forth the liuelier action. 1651Hobbes Leviath. i. vi. 27 Weeping..is caused by such accidents, as suddenly take away some vehement hope. 1711Addison Spect. No. 73 ⁋5 The Passion for Praise, which is so very vehement in the Fair Sex. 1775De Lolme Eng. Const. Adv. (1784) p. xix, Influenced by vehement prepossessions. 1812Cary Dante, Parad. v. 107 Vehement desire Possess'd me. 1846H. Rogers Ess. (1874) I. iv. 162 Leibnitz..began to tell his beads with vehement devotion. 1907Verney Mem. I. 62 The Queen's vehement partisanship.
b. Of anger or similar feelings: Violent; intense.
a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV (1550) 50 b, Ye olde rancor betwene them beyng newly reuiued (The which betwene no creatures can be more vehement then betwene bretherne). 1552Huloet, Vehement anger, excandescentia. 1659Hammond On Ps. cii. 503 By those is meant a vehement displeasure and anger.
7. Of language: Very forcibly or passionately uttered or expressed; resulting from, and indicative of, strong feeling or excitement.
1533Chron. Calais (Camden) 114 The French kynges mother with very ardente and vehemente wordes sayd [etc.]. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 176 b, Aboute this time came forth..a boke of Martin Luthers very vehement. 1596Edw. III, i. ii, Sharpely to solicit With vehement sute the king in my behalfe. 1628Donne 6 Serm. 56 In that remarkable and vehement place where he expostulates with them. a1700Evelyn Diary 12 Feb. 1683, A vehement speech he made about the compositions. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. viii. vii. IV. 40 That lively and vehement eloquence which like a torrent bears down all things on its way. 1836Thirlwall Greece xi. II. 80 The Corinthian deputy Sosicles, in vehement language, remonstrated with the Spartans on their inconsistency. 1848W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc's Hist. Ten Y. II. 92 He..replies with the most vehement protestations of gratitude and fidelity.
8. Of persons, their character, etc.: Acting, or tending to act, in a manner displaying passion or excitement.
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 29 b, I confess to have been more vehement then became me. 1575–85Abp. Sandys Serm. (1841) 194 Vehement therefore and zealous must we be for the house of God. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. i. Wks. 1856 I. 15 Vouchsafe me, then, your hush't observances, Vehement in pursuite of strange novelties. 1609Bible (Douay) Ezekiel xxxviii. 15 Thou and manie peoples with thee,..a great companie, and a vehement armie. 1791Cowper Odyss. xv. 254 Summon thy crew on board, Ere my arrival notice give of thine To the old King; for vehement I know His temper. 1847James J. Marston Hall ix, My nature was too quick and vehement to take pleasure in vice without passion. 1848Clough Amours de Voy. ii. 293 For the woman..Ever prefers the audacious, the wilful, the vehement hero. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. xiii. 237 The Pharisees were scrupulous, exact, vehement, and eager, about everything connected with religion.
9. Of debate, strife, etc.: Characterized by great heat or bitterness.
1620Bedell Lett. 26, I would to Christ that of all other Controuersies this were the vehementest betweene vs. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Wars 93 Nor by this was the Warre lessened, onely it was delayed, and not vehement enough for the time. 1844Thirlwall Greece VIII. 135 This..was a sufficiently difficult undertaking,..in which he had to expect powerful and vehement opposition. 1847Harris Life Ld. Hardwicke III. xii. 44 A very vehement debate took place in the House of Lords. 1903W. Bright Age of Fathers I. v. 70 The dissension caused by Arianism became daily more vehement.
III. †10. Sc. As adv. = vehemently adv. Obs.
1549Compl. Scot. vi. 52 The tua vintirs that thai hef ar nocht verray vehement cald. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 407 He became so vehement seik that no man had hope of his lyffe. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. II. 10 Althoch the king prudentlie dissemblet, thay knew him to be vehement angrie. |