| 释义 |
vicinal, a.|ˈvɪsɪnəl, vɪˈsaɪnəl|
[ad. L. vīcīnāl-is, f. vīcīn-us neighbour. So OF. and F. vicinal.]
1. ‘Belonging to neighbours or neighbourhood.’
1623Cockeram i. 1656Blount Glossogr. 1727Bailey (vol. II).
2. vicinal way or vicinal road, a local common way as distinguished from a highway; a by-road or crossroad.
1677Plot Oxfordsh. 314 Of these [public ways] amongst the Romans some were called publick κατ' ἐξοχὴν, and others Vicinal. 1727Magna Brit. & Hib. IV. 210/2 Among the Vicinal Ways, or Chemini minores, there is also one in this County. 1790Pennant London (1813) 13 A vicinal way went under Aldgate..towards Oldford. 1791T. Newte Tour Eng. & Scot. 259 From this permanent station, a vicinal or cross road is carried through Glenartney. 1807G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. iv. 135 From this place..there probably went off a vicinal way to the Roman stations in Tweedale. 1812J. Bigland Beauties Eng. & Wales XVI. 15 This..appears to have been only a vicinal road of the Romans. 1878Hardy Ret. Native i. i, In many portions of its course it overlaid an old vicinal way, which branched from the great Western road of the Romans.
b. Similarly with other ns.
1799R. Warner Walk thro' W. Counties (1800) 8 The operations of husbandry have depressed, and indeed obliterated in many places, this grand vicinal Dorsum. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. II. iii. ii. 73 A small vicinal camp on the banks of the Kirble. 1901Speaker 31 Aug. 618 He saw a good-looking curé smoking in a vicinal railway.
3. Neighbouring, adjacent, near.
1739Maitland Hist. London i. ii. 10/1 The noisom Vapours incessantly emitted from that and the vicinal Marshes. 1790Phil. Trans. LXXX. 232 In vicinal situations, the next best mode to angular measurement is no doubt that of marking, by means of well-regulated clocks,..the repeated..explosion of light. 1842Proc. Lond. Electr. Soc. (1843) 355 Sparks will pass from such a wire, and, therefore, from a lightning-rod, to vicinal conducting bodies.
b. Math. and Min. Nearly coincident with a given surface or plane.
1895Cayley Math. Papers VIII. 302, I investigate the values of a, b,..for the point P′ on the vicinal surface. Ibid. 309 The lines which..correspond to the principal tangents of the vicinal surface must be the principal tangents of the given surface.
c. Org. Chem. Of substituted groups or atoms: Lying in consecutive order; adjacent to each other.
1898J. Wade Introd. Org. Chem. 288 With regard to the higher substitution products..there should be three classes of tri-derivatives, and only three.., all conceivable arrangements being reducible to the positions 1:2:3, or vicinal, 1:2:4, or unsymmetrical, and 1:3:5, or symmetrical. 1900E. F. Smith tr. Richter's Org. Chem. II. 39 We call them adjacent..or..vicinal.
4. Connected with the relations between a person and his neighbours.
1855Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XVI. ii. 570 No harm, agricultural or fiscal, vicinal or political, shall betide the giver of such..assistance. |