| 释义 |
ambushment arch.|ˈæmbʊʃmənt, formerly ɛmˈbʊʃmənt|
Forms: α. 4 enbusse-, enbuschy-, enbuchy-, anbuschy-, 4–6 enbusche-, enbusshe-, 5 enbussh-, embusche-, 5–6 embusshe-, enbusch-, enbush-, 6 embush-, ambushe-, 6– ambushment. Also β. (refash. after L. in-, im-, 5 inbusshe-, 5–6 imbusshe-, 6 imbushment. γ. (Weakened) 4 abusse-, abuche-, abuchy-, 4–6 abusshe-, 5–6 abusch-, abushment. δ. Aphetic, 4 busse-, buche-, buchy-, 4–6 busshe-, 5–6 busch-, bushment.
[a. OFr. embuschement (med.L. imboscāmentum), n. of action f. embuscher: see ambush v. and -ment. As late as 1600 accented amˈbushment, though ˈembushment is found in Sc. in 1513. In ME. the atonic en-, treated as OE. an-, was phonetically reduced to ă-, and then allowed to fall away: en-ˈbushment, ăn-ˈbushment, ă-ˈbushment, ˈbushment. The uncontracted word was often Latinized as imbushment after the Renascence, but finally assimilated to ambush.]
1. A disposition or arrangement of troops in a wood or other place of concealment so as to fall on an enemy by surprise; the trap so constructed; ambush, ambuscade.
α1330R. Brunne Chron. 187 Ne man ne hors suld go þorgh þat enbussement. 1375Barbour Bruce viii. 45 Thai maid enbuschement all the nycht. c1380Sir Ferumb. 812 Of þys anbuschymenȝ þan brek out? Bruyllant..& Sorty⁓brant..with hure rout. Ibid. 2989 Þe Saraȝynȝ at arst brek out? þat were on þe enbuchyment. c1386Chaucer Melib. 354 Counterwayte embusshementz and alle espiaille. 1470–85Malory Arthur i. xi, Syre Kay came oute of an enbusshement. 1485Caxton Paris & Vienne 5 The embusshement that was layed for them. 1513Douglas æneis xi. x. 67 Ly at wate in quyet enbuschment. c1530Ld. Berners Arthur Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 493 The Frensshe men lepte out from theyr enbusshementes. 1542Piteous Tr. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 239 Falling amonge theyr embushmentes. 1577Hanmer Eccl. Hist. (1619) 30 Whence he might make an ambushment upon Jerusalem. 1582N. T. (Rhem). Acts xxiii. 30 Embushments that they had prepared against him. 1591Harington Orl. Fur. xxxvi. v, While in ambushment close they lay on land. 1597Daniel Civ. Wars vii. lxxxvi, Where round enclos'd by ambushments fore-laid. 1676I. Mather K. Philip's War (1862) 166 He hath as it were set Ambushments against the Enemy. 1803W. Rose Am. de Gaul 93 Then from his ambushment shall Abyes rush.
βc1450Merlin xv. 234 Comen all fressh of here inbusshement. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. ccxi. 254 Capitaynes of this imbusshement.
γ1330R. Brunne Chron. 242 Leulyn in a wod a bussement he held. c1380Sir Ferumb. 798 Y leuede ȝond on a buchyment. Ibid. 4340 Ȝe mote leue with ȝoure power On a-buchement..In a wode þat ys þer faste by. a1450Knt. de la Tour lxx. 92 She hadde hidde in a busshement for hym. 1557Arthur (Copland) v. vi, Lefte in a busshement. 1612Monipennie in Misc. Scot. I. 94 [He] was inclosed with an abushment. [See also abushment.] δ1375Barbour Bruce vi. 415 Quhill thai Fer by thar buschement war all past. 1387Trevisa Higden Rolls Ser. IV. 73 Þe consuls of Rome sette busshementes for hym. c1430Syr Generides (1865) 64 The king was passed by his bushment. 1553Brende Q. Curt. iii. 18 For feare the enemyes should lye there in busshement. 1870Morris Earth. Par. I. i. 54 The barbarous folk.. from bushments on us broke. [See also Early instances confound abushment and a bushment.] †2. The troops so concealed; a force that actually is, has been, or is about to be placed in ambush. Obs.
1393Gower Conf. III. 208 Thembushements to-breken alle And him beclipt on every side. c1440Morte Arth. 1407 Thane þe embuschement of Bretons brake owte at ones. 1480Caxton Chron. Engl. ii. (1520) 11/1 Then came Corin with the busshement. 1548Hall Chron. 197 He with an Imbusshement of Englishemen laye in a Valley nye to the Fortresse. 1580Sidney Arcadia (1622) 328 An ambushment broken forth from the houses behinde them. a1581Campion Hist. Irel. ii. i. 63 Then stept out an ambushment of the Irish.
†3. A company of soldiers secretly deployed; a surprise party. Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden Rolls Ser. VI. 251 He was assailled wiþ busshemente of Gaskyns. 1549Latimer 7 Serm. (1869) 184 Judas..was prouydyng among the byshoppes and preistes, to come with an imbushment of Iewes to take our sauiour Iesus Christ. 1655Gouge Comm. Heb. 105 Of Souldiers there useth to be a Van-guard, main Battalio, Reer, right and left Wings, and Ambushments.
†4. fig. Devices to entrap, or take by surprise. Obs.
1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 346/2 All subtilties and ambushments that the diuell layeth against vs. 1580(title) A Detection of damnable driftes practised by three Witches..Set forthe to discouer the Ambushements of Sathan, whereby he would surprise vs. 1641Milton Animadv. (1851) 185 The close ambushment of worst errors. |