| 释义 |
non-paraˈmetric, a. Statistics.
[non- 3.]
Not involving any assumptions as to the form or parameters of a frequency distribution.
1942J. Wolfowitz in Ann. Math. Statistics XIII. 264 Most of these developments have this feature in common, that the distribution functions of the various stochastic variables which enter into their problems are assumed to be of known functional form, and the theories of estimation and of testing hypotheses are theories of estimation of and of testing hypotheses about, one or more parameters..the knowledge of which would completely determine the various distribution functions involved. We shall refer to this situation..as the parametric case, and denote the opposite case, where the functional forms of the distributions are unknown, as the non-parametric case. 1956S. Siegel (title) Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. 1957Kendall & Buckland Dict. Statistical Terms 87 Distribution-free inference or distribution-free tests are sometimes known as nonparametric but this usage is confusing and should be avoided. It is better to confine the word ‘non-parametric’ to the description of hypotheses which do not explicitly make an assertion about a parameter. 1962E. S. Keeping Introd. Statistical Inference x. 251 Non-parametric tests are generally simple to apply... In those cases where a parametric test would also be applicable a non-parametric test will naturally be less powerful than the parametric one. 1966Lancet 31 Dec. 1434/1 To avoid making assumptions concerning normality and homogeneity, the non-parametric one-way analysis [of] variance by ranks..was carried out. 1972Jrnl. Social Psychol. LXXXVIII. 204, I have typically used a nonparametric correlation to illustrate the association between awareness and experimental performance. |