| 释义 |
regenerative, a. (and n.)|rɪˈdʒɛnərətɪv|
[ad. F. régénératif, -ive (14th c.), or med.L. regenerātīv-us: see regenerate v. and -ive.]
1. a. Tending to or characterized by regeneration. (Common in recent use in fig. senses.)
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 38 If þat a leche wolde besie him wiþ a medicyn regeneratijf to regendre fleisch in a wounde. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) IV. 257 The strenȝhte regeneratiue ȝiffen to waters. 1624F. White Repl. Fisher 428 To alter the property of naturall water, and to giue regeneratiue force and vertue to it. a1652Brome City Wit v. i, I pray you what is Lady Luxury? a woman regenerative? 1839–52Bailey Festus 545 Idolatry Worshipped God meanly,..Not as man's great Regenerative Lord. 1871Blackie Four Phases i. 26 The great regenerative work which he undertook.
†b. n. An application to regenerate flesh. Obs.—1
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 38 Þe quytture schal be clensid or þou leie ony regeneratijf to holowȝ woundis.
2. Mech.
a. Constructed on, or employing the principle of the regenerator (sense 2).
1861Fairbairn Iron 66 The prospective advantages of these regenerative stoves are greater economy..and the higher temperature attainable by the blast. 1864Percy Metallurgy, Iron & Steel 428 Mr. Siemens, the inventor of the so-called regenerative furnaces. 1890Athenæum 19 July 101/1 The application of the regenerative system to the firing of gas retorts.
b. Applied to a principle or technique of refrigeration by which the uncooled portion of the working fluid loses some heat prior to the major cooling step by exchange with the cooled portion.
1896Proc. Chem. Soc. XI. 222 In all continuously working circuits of liquid gases used in refrigerating apparatus the regenerative principle applied to cold first introduced by Siemens in 1857..has been adopted. Ibid. 231 If..hydrogen, previously cooled by a bath of boiling air, is allowed to expand at 200 atmos. over a regenerative coil..a liquid jet can be seen. 1922Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics I. 565/1 The usual process [for the commercial liquefaction of gases] is a regenerative one, first successfully developed by Linde, in which the Joule-Thomson effect of irreversible expansion in passing a constrictive orifice..serves as the step-down in temperature, and a cumulative cooling is produced by causing the gas which has suffered this step-down to take up heat in a thermal interchanger from another portion of gas that is on its way to the orifice. 1961F. E. Hoare et al. Exper. Cryophysics i. 4 Dewar was employing regenerative cooling to produce a jet of cold hydrogen gas which could be used for cooling other systems.
c. Astronautics. Applied to a method of cooling the walls of a rocket engine by circulating the fuel through them.
1947Amer. Jrnl. Physics XV. 131/2 In the motor, between 2 and 3 percent of the heat due to combustion passes through the chamber and nozzle walls into the coolant, which returns again to the combustion chamber when regenerative cooling is utilized. 1949G. P. Sutton Rocket Propulsion Elements vi. 142 In regenerative cooling the motor parts are cooled by means of a built-in jacket or cooling coil in which the oxidizer or the fuel are used as the coolant fluid. 1962F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics x. 413 This regenerative cooling method serves two purposes. It cools the walls of the thrust chamber and adds thermal energy to the propellant. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XV. 938/2 The conventional method of cooling [in rocket engines] is known as regenerative cooling.
3. Applied to any method of braking in which energy is extracted from the parts braked, to be stored and re-used.
1904Electrical Mag. I. 600/1 The regenerative braking action comes into play automatically. 1930Engineering 6 June 722/2 Regenerative braking had been adopted on the majority of the electric locomotives recently placed in service. 1958Ibid. 14 Mar. 340/1 A bus using the regenerative transmission... In this system, when the vehicle is braked..energy is absorbed in accelerating a..flywheel... Then when the vehicle is restarted the energy of the flywheel is used to accelerate it, resulting in a saving of fuel. 1973Sci. Amer. Dec. 23/2 A regenerative braking system would employ the vehicle's electric motors as generators during braking or downhill driving, thus putting the kinetic energy of the vehicle back into the storage system.
4. Electronics. Pertaining to or employing positive feedback (see feedback, feed-back n. a); regenerative feedback, positive feedback.
1915Proc. IRE III. 231 It is always better practice to use the cascade circuits for the radio frequencies, even if the regenerative circuits are not employed with each individual audion system. 1919Wireless World Aug. 250/2 By using regenerative feed back much higher amplification can be realized, but the operation becomes less stable. 1922Sci. Amer. Sept. 160/1 Armstrong's regenerative receiver, now so widely employed, is ever so much more sensitive than the ordinary vacuum tube receiver. 1947R. Lee Electronic Transformers & Circuits ix. 254 The next pulse occurs when the negative grid voltage decreases sufficiently so that regenerative action starts again. 1969J. J. Sparkes Transistor Switching iii. 59 The cross-coupling resistor..can be shunted by a capacitor..to speed up the regenerative switching of the circuit. 1971Physics Bull. July 385/2 The high spectral intensity results from the fact that, since the laser is a regenerative oscillator, the oscillation linewidth decreases with increasing laser power—in contrast to the behaviour of any thermal source. 1975G. J. King Audio Handbk. ii. 35 Positive feedback means that the phase of the signal fed back is coincident with the phase of the source or input signal. This is regenerative feedback which results in sustained oscillation.
Hence reˈgeneratively adv.
1882in Ogilvie. 1892Whitney Max Müller 64 Some changes result more regeneratively than others. 1947Amer. Jrnl. Physics XV. 131/1 The coolant liquid absorbs heat as it circulates in ducts around the motor and is then injected into the combustion chamber (regeneratively cooled type). 1949G. P. Sutton Rocket Propulsion Elements vi. 142 The German Me 163 motor has a steel cooling jacket in which fuel cools the motor regeneratively. 1969J. J. Sparkes Transistor Switching iii. 74 When T2 is conducting, raising V1 until it is about equal to VB2 turns T1 on so that T2 is switched off regeneratively. |