| 释义 |
vivisection|vɪvɪˈsɛkʃən|
[f. L. vīvī gen. sing. neut. (and masc.), or vīvi- combining form, of vīvus living + sectio cutting. Hence F. vivisection. Cf. vividissection s.v. vivi-.]
1. The action of cutting or dissecting some part of a living organism; spec. the action or practice of performing dissection, or other painful experiment, upon living animals as a method of physiological or pathological study.
1707Sloane Jamaica I. 2 How sensible those nervous parts are, need not be told any who have seen vivisections, where the least..touches..will cause a sensible motion. 1736Phil. Trans. XXXIX. 260 Small Parts of large Objects cannot easily be applied to the Microscope without being divided from their Wholes which in the case of Vivi section defeats the Experiment.
1842Dunglison Med. Lex. 735 Vivisection,..the act of opening or dissecting living animals. 1852Lewis Meth. Obs. & Reas. in Pol. I. 161 Of late years in particular vivi⁓section, or anatomical investigation of the living subject, has often been practised upon some of the smaller mammalia. 1879Browning Tray 43 By vivisection,..How brain secretes dog's soul, we'll see!
b. An operation of this nature.
1859Todd's Cycl. Anat. V. 317/1 The vivisections which many experimenters have practised, agree in carrying this investigation further. 1881Mivart Cat 311 Such a conclusion seems to result from pathological facts and vivisections.
fig.1895Balfour in Daily News 15 Nov. 2/4 The vivi⁓section of the British Empire—was that a constructive policy?
2. fig. Excessively minute examination or criticism.
1880Swinburne Study Shaks. i. (ed. 2) 23 This vivisection of a single poem is not defensible as a freak of scholarship.
3. attrib. and Comb., as vivisection act, vivisection bill, vivisection experiment.
1876Nature XIV. 65/1 Lord Carnarvon's vivisection bill. 1883Encycl. Brit. XV. 799/2 The Act restricting the practice of physiology is the Vivisection Act of 1876. 1894Westm. Gaz. 26 Feb. 2/1 The atrocious character of many vivisection experiments. |