| 释义 |
Internet, n. Computing.
Brit. |ˈɪntənɛt|, U.S. |ˈɪn(t)ərˌnɛt|
Forms: Also with lower-case initial.
[Shortened ‹internetwork n., perhaps influenced by similar words in -net (as Catenet (1972), Satnet (1973), Telenet (1973), etc.) after ARPAnet (a wide area network developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense, attested from 1971). In subsequent use denoting the global network, probably greatly reinforced by use in the compound Internet Protocol; compare:
1996K. Hafner & M. Lyon Where Wizards stay up Late (1998) viii. 244 Because this growing conglomeration of networks [in the mid 1980s] was able to communicate using the TCP/IP protocols, the collection of networks gradually came to be called the ‘Internet’, borrowing the first word of ‘Internet Protocol’. ]
Originally (in form internet): a computer network consisting of or connecting a number of smaller networks, such as two or more local area networks connected by a shared communications protocol; spec. such a network (called ARPAnet) operated by the U.S. Defense Department. In later use (usu. the Internet): the global computer network (which evolved out of ARPAnet) providing a variety of information and communication facilities to its users, and consisting of a loose confederation of interconnected networks which use standardized communication protocols; (also) the information available on this network.
1974V. G. Cerf et al. Request for Comments (Network Working Group) (Electronic text) No. 675. 1 (title) Specification of internet transmission control program. 1976V. G. Cerf ARPA Internetwork Protocols Project Status Rep. ii. 36 We have made very little progress in our attempts to specify experiments using internet gateways. 1981Electronics (Nexis) 16 June 171 Two internet servers connect five local networks for different departments of a company. 1986Network World (Nexis) 15 Sept. 21 The electronic mail net runs over Internet, an international network of networks operated by the Department of Defense. 1990L. Wall & R. L. Schwartz Programming Perl vi. 260 Many of the services provided by servers running on the Internet are simply database engines. 1991Profession 91 42/2 Most machines on the Internet run the UNIX operating system and employ the sophisticated TCP/IP protocol, which supports remote log-ins and anonymous file-transfer protocols (FTPs). 1996K. Hafner & M. Lyon Where Wizards stay up Late (1998) viii. 244 Roughly speaking, an ‘internet’ is private and the ‘Internet’ is public. The distinction didn't really matter until the mid-1980s when route vendors began to sell equipment to construct private internets. But the distinction quickly blurred as the private internets built gateways to the public Internet. 1997Times 5 Mar. (Interface section) 7/1 Most tourist services on the Internet can only provide text and picture data on places of interest. 2000Dominion (Wellington) (Electronic ed.) 9 Feb. His name has been published in American newspapers with a total circulation of 2.5 million and can be easily found on the Internet.
Compounds. Internet access provider n. a commercial company that provides businesses and individuals with (usually dial-up) access to the Internet; cf. Internet service provider n.
1992Communications Week (Nexis) 24 Feb. 3 The hearings are in response to contentions from commercial *Internet access providers such as Performance Systems International Inc., Reston, Va., that the NSF gave Advanced Network & Services Inc., Elmsford, N.Y., preferential treatment in awarding it management and upgrading of the NSFnet backbone. 1996Daily Tel. 15 Mar. 34/5 To help the bewildered novice, some Internet access providers give a ‘launcher’, which lets users specify what they want to do, and runs the appropriate piece of software.
Internet addict n. a person who uses the Internet compulsively, excessively, or very frequently.
1992Communications Week 30 Nov. 39/4 As an *Internet ‘addict’ myself, I love to see real-life, everyday benefits to what is often viewed as another techie tool. 2001Maine Sunday Telegram (Electronic ed.) 9 Sept. Experts say more couch potatoes, fast-food diners and Internet addicts are becoming obese.
Internet addiction n. very frequent, continual, or excessive use of the Internet; a compulsion to use the Internet.
1994Toronto Star 6 Mar. b4/4 Broadhead learned the hard way how expensive an *Internet addiction can be. 1999Khaleej Times (Dubai, United Arab Emirates) 7 Nov. (Features Plus) p. viii/1 Internet addiction is an all-encompassing phrase for a wide variety of sub-types of behaviour: they include cyberlibido addiction.., cyber-relationship addiction.., and net compulsions.
Internet addiction disorder n. orig. and chiefly humorous a supposed psychological disorder characterized by dependence on, or overuse of, the Internet, esp. as a means of avoiding problems in other spheres of life.
1995I. Goldberg Internet Addiction Support Group in sci.med (Usenet newsgroup) 16 Mar. *Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD)–Diagnostic Criteria. A maladaptive pattern of Internet use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress as manifested by three (or more) of the following..[etc.]. 2001Atlanta Constit. (Electronic ed.) 24 Aug. There are warning signs you should know in case you or a loved one are succumbing to Internet Addiction Disorder, also known as compulsive Internet use.
Internet appliance n. a small computer designed specifically to provide easy access to the Internet, but lacking other PC facilities such as a hard drive; cf. network computer n. at network n. and adj. Compounds.
In quot. 1990: a household appliance controlled through an Internet connection.
[1990Data Communications Internat. 1 Oct. 146/2 The toaster can be monitored and controlled like any other network device. To save time and effort, Romkey has joined forces with fellow Internet appliance networkers.] 1995Newsbytes (Nexis) 5 Feb. Opening Day: prototype sketches of the Oracle *Internet appliance. 2001Australian (Nexis) 23 Jan. 44 Despite the rising acceptance of complementary products to the PC, such as personal digital assistants and internet appliances, most Australian households still regard a PC as the main method of connection. 2003Chicago Tribune 11 Jan. ii. 2/3 Botched efforts over the last five years range from ‘Internet appliances’ with built-in screens for Web browsing to ‘media servers’ that could deliver digital songs or movies to any room in the house.
Internet café n. a café in which customers may use computer terminals to access the Internet, usually for a fee; cf. cybercafé n.
1994Economist 8 Oct. 35/2 Last month, the country's first *internet café was launched in London. 2003K. Pearson Don't try this at Home xii. 175 I've never done this sort of thing before but, tuning into the twenty-first century zeitgeist, I'm sending this to you via an Internet café.
Internet dating n. the use of the Internet to find potentially compatible romantic partners, esp. when offered as a commercial service; = online dating n. at online adj. and adv. Special uses.
1993Re: Nature of Skepticism in sci.skeptic (Usenet newsgroup) 14 Nov. A discussion I once read on uk.misc where they were debating the possibility of an *internet dating service. 1994InformationWeek 7 Feb. 64/1 Five years ago, most people barely knew the Internet..existed. Now, you can't turn around without hearing about it. There's Internet dating. Internet campaigning [etc.]. 2005Asiana Spring 116/1 The trick to Internet dating is to weed the losers from the potential partners by emailing each other for as long as possible before meeting up.
Internet Protocol n. a standard that specifies the format and addressing scheme of packets of data sent over the Internet or other network; abbreviated IP.
1977Computer Networks 1 183/2 A desired end-end service may be implemented two ways..end-end controls vs. hop-by-hop controls... Hop-by-Hop sacrifices some flexibility but partially avoids the need for a common *internet protocol. 1998R. Darnell et al. HTML 4 Unleashed iii. xii. 184 The server is referred to as the resource's ‘network host’ and can be addressed by either domain name or numerical IP (Internet Protocol) address.
Internet provider n. = Internet service provider n.
1991Business Wire (Nexis) 27 Mar. The CIX agreement can be extended to other commercial *Internet providers. 1991Network World (Nexis) 2 Dec. 4 The Boston-based Federation of American Research Networks, the association of the regional Internet providers. 2000Feng Shui for Mod. Living May 12/2 One of America's most popular internet providers disported [sic] a plethora of special feng shui links and sites.
Internet Relay Chat n. a protocol allowing communication over the Internet between multiple users in real time; (also) the notional area of the Internet where such communication takes place.
1990J. Reynolds & J. B. Postel Request for Comments (Network Working Group) (Electronic text) No. 1060 12 IRC, *Internet Relay Chat Protocol. 1991Byte (Nexis) July 184 A more recent innovation is Internet Relay Chat, which allows two people on the Internet to communicate in real time. 1996Internet World June 104/1, I simply wanted to play Dungeons and Dragons..over the Internet. I figured that Internet Relay Chat..already was booming with adventures.
Internet service provider n. an organization that provides access to the Internet, usually on a commercial basis, either via a modem or through a permanent line, and usually also offers services relating to web sites, intranets, etc. (abbreviated ISP); cf. Internet access provider n., with which this term is often used interchangeably.
1991LAN Times (Nexis) 19 Aug. 56 There exist several commercial *Internet service providers: Alternet, Cerfnet, and PSI Net. 1995Philadelphia Inquirer 7 Aug. g5/4 The area's two largest Internet service providers—voiceNet and Net Access—have Web sites with plenty of local content, including some pretty cool home pages set up by individuals. 1999Independent 27 Dec. ii. 8/2 Check the dial-up number given to you by your Internet service provider (ISP) and make sure that's what you entered when you set up your Dial-Up Connection. |