| 释义 |
▪ I. wander, n.|ˈwɒndə(r)|
[f. the verb.]
1. An act of wandering.
1843J. C. Shairp Let. 3 Aug., in E. H. Coleridge Life & Corr. Ld. Coleridge (1894) I. vi. 134, I should like, so, to have one day's wander with you amongst these hills. 1872C. Kingsley Poems, Delectable Day iii, The afternoon's wander to windward, To meet the dear boy coming back. 1899H. Wright Depopulation xii. 66 You and Allan will go away on a world-wide wander all by yourselves. 1910Eliz. A. Sharp William Sharp vii. 121 One sunset I remember specially. We had gone for a wander westward.
2. A gradual change in the orientation of a gyroscope or other spinning body, esp. the earth.
1930[see wander v. 2 g]. 1963C. A. Williams Aircraft Instrument Control Syst. ii. 23 In moving a gyroscope from the North Pole to the South Pole the apparent wander would change from clockwise to anti⁓clockwise. 1971Q. Jrnl. R. Astron. Soc. XII. 61 (heading) Polar wander and/or plate tectonics in the Palaeozoic. 1980Nature 28 Feb. 845/1 The ∼1,100 Myr Grenville mobile belt of the Laurentian (North American) Shield yields a record of uplift magnetisations defining a closed apparent polar wander (APW) loop.
▪ II. wander, v.|ˈwɒndə(r)|
Inflected wandered |-dəd|, wandering. Forms: 1 wandrian, 2–3 wandrie-n, wondrie-n, (wuandre), 3–5 wandri-n, 3 wondri, wundre, 3–6 wandir, -yr, 4 wandur, 4–5 wandre-n, wandere-n, 5 wandery-n, wandry-n, 4– wander.
[OE. wandrian = OFris. wondria (WFris. wanderje, NFris. wāneri), MDu. wanderen, Flemish (Kilian) wanderen, MLG. wanderen (LG. wandern), MHG., G. wandern, Norw., Sw. vandra, Da. vandre:—OTeut. *wandrōjan.
Not recorded in ON. or OHG. The mod. Scandinavian forms are prob. from LG., and possibly also the MHG. and mod.G. forms.
A similar formation with an l- element occurs with somewhat wider distribution; mod. WFris. wandelje, wannelje, wānlje to wander, MDu. wandelen to change, to wander about (Du. wandelen to walk), OS. wandlon to change (MLG. wandelen to change, LG. wandeln to change), OHG. wantalôn, wantilôn to change, intr. (MHG. wantelen, wandeln, G. wandeln). The form occurs (once) in OE. in wandlung n. change. Both forms are further related to OTeut. *wend- turn, see wind v., wend v. Compare also OE. wandian wonde v., to deviate, flinch, hesitate etc.]
I. Intransitive senses. Formerly often conjugated with to be.
1. a. Of persons or animals: To move hither and thither without fixed course or certain aim; to be (in motion) without control or direction; to roam, ramble, go idly or restlessly about; to have no fixed abode or station.
Fight at Finnesburg (Gr.) 36 Hræfen wandrode sweart and sealobrun. c1000Ags. Laws, Instit. Polity xiv. (Thorpe) II. 322 [Hi] maciað eall be luste..woriað & wandriað, & ealne dæᵹ fleardiað. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 35 Vre fo þat is þe deuel wuandreð abuten us. c1275Lay. 7241 And Cesar wende in Flandres lond, wandrenge bi see strond. c1290Beket 69 in S. Eng. Leg. 108 In Manie stretes heo hadde i-wandret. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. x. 207 Bote wandren as wolues and wasten ȝif þei mouwen. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 330 With thame ane thousand, and ma, of fensabill men War wanderand all the nicht ouir. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. IV, 28 b, Having knowledge that diverse pirates wer wanderyng on the cost of Englande. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, v. vi. 43 With Caine go wander through the shade of night. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 20 On th' Aleian Field I fall Erroneous there to wander and forlorne. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 529 Oft the Flocks, without a Leader stray;..Whole Months they wander, grazing as they go. 1711Addison Spect. No. 90 ⁋3 If one did believe that the departed Souls of Men and Women wandered up and down these lower Regions. 1750Gray Elegy 11 The mopeing owl does to the moon complain Of such, as wand'ring near her secret bow'r, Molest her ancient solitary reign. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 596 Hitherto he seems to have wandered from place to place with no other object than that of collecting troops. 1864Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. xv. (1875) 263 Frederick the Third, chased from his capital by the Hungarians, is wandering from convent to convent, an imperial beggar. 1891E. Peacock N. Brendon II. 15 The ladies were wandering in the garden.
b. fig. and in fig. context.
a1175Cott. Hom. 243 Þas þri fihteð agen elcen ileafful man alse longe se we iðese westen of þesser woruld wandrið. 1357Lay Folks' Catech. 317 And so þis chirche has þre statys be processe of tyme. Fyrst he wandrys here in erthe, and sethen he slepys in purgatory. c1400Pety Job 297 in 26 Pol. Poems 130 And ofte hym wanteth goddys lore,..And thus he wandreth in a were, As a man blynde, and may nat se. 1555Eden Decades (Arb.) 99 The people of the Ilande..wandered in the ignorance and blyndenes of humane nature. 1653J. Taylor (Water P.) Cert. Trav. Uncert. Journey 8 Some few do travell in the wayes Divine, Some wander wildly with the Muses nine. 1735Pope Prol. Sat. 340 That not in Fancy's maze he wander'd long, But stoop'd to Truth, and moraliz'd his song. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 245 [He] can have his talk out, and wander at will from one subject to another.
c. with adv., as about, up and down.
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. ix. 326 Tho wolde wastour nat worche bote wandrede aboute. c1440Promp. Parv. 515/1 Wandryn a-bowte, vagor, girovagor. 1530Palsgr. 771/1 How sayest thou, is this a good lyfe to wander up and downe on this maner. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 316 b, The pore wretch wandred vp and downe with .vi. children. 1598Mucedorus iv. ii. 88 Doubtlesse she hath lost her selfe within these woods, And wandring too and fro she seekes the well, Which yet she cannot finde. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 33 ⁋11 Multitudes wandering about they knew not whither, in quest they knew not of what. 1866G. Macdonald Ann. Q. Neighb. xiii. (1878) 245, I used now to wander about in the fields and woods. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) II. 439, I wander up and down, and being in perplexity am always changing my opinion.
d. quasi-trans. with cognate object. poet.
a1300Cursor M. 17232 Foluand þat flexs þat es mi fa, Mi wai i wander in-to wa. 1788Burns Auld lang syne iii, We've wander'd mony a weary fit. 1819Scott Noble Moringer xxv, I've wander'd many a weary step, my strength is well-nigh done.
e. To go or take one's way casually or without predetermined route; to go to a place by a devious and leisurely course; to stroll, saunter. Also with forth, out.
1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. iv. v. 69 Let me imbrace with old Vincentio, And wander we to see thy honest sonne, Who will of thy arriuall be full ioyous. 1650Evelyn Diary 4 Aug., I heard a sermon at the Rolls; and in the afternoone wander'd to divers churches. 1667Milton P.L. i. 501 And when Night Darkens the Streets, then wander forth the Sons of Belial. 1715De Foe Fam. Instruct. Introd. (1841) I. 5 The father, walking in a field behind his garden, finds one of his children wandering out. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xxvi, And now there remained but to take leave of the poor schoolmaster and wander forth once more. a1873R. Buchanan Ballad of Persephone xxxiv. Poet. Wks. 1874 I. 56 Till, sweet with greenness, moonlight-kiss'd, she wanders home again. 1888F. Hume Mme. Midas i. iii, Here and there could be seen the cattle wandering idly homeward.
¶ f. The earlier Wycliffite version of the Bible, and Wyclif himself in his sermons, frequently use wander to render the ambulare of the Vulgate both in lit. and fig. use; in the later version this is rare, walke or go being used instead.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 301 And so seiþ Mathew þat Crist wandride [1382 walkyng] bi þe water of Galile. Ibid. II. 348 Þus Poul biddiþ men, Waundre [so 1382; 1388 walke ȝe] in spirit, and do not fulle desires of þe fleishe. 1382― John v. 8 Jhesu seith to him, Ryse vp, taak thi bed, and wandre [1388 go]. And a non the man is maad hool, and took vp his bed, and wandride [1388 wente forth].
2. a. Of an inanimate thing: To travel, move, or be carried about in an uncertain course; to stray. lit. and fig. Also spec. in Path. and Phys. (cf. wandering ppl. a.).
c888ælfred Boeth. xxxvi. §3 Se [sc. Saturnes steorra] wandraþ ofer oðrum steorrum ufor þonne æniᵹ oðer tungol. a1300Cursor M. 24857 Þai lete it wandir vp and dun, þair scip ai redi for to drun. 1638Baker tr. Balzac's Lett. (vol. II) 58 Sir, your letter hath runne great hazarde before it arrived here; It wandred about seven months together. 1764Whytt Observ. Nervous Disorders (1767) 151 In some, the gout wanders through the whole body. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xix. IV. 301 It seems that, in this Committee, which continued to sit many days, the debates wandered over a vast space. 1868Milman St. Paul's xix. 480 Thomas Newton's monument wandered to another Church. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 487 W. C. Brown of Penang has described (with others) a very peculiar phase in which the œdema beginning in the feet or hands ‘wandered’ up the limb. 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sep. 597 The great number of cells which are found wandering far and wide in the sub⁓mucosa. 1909J. W. Jenkinson Experim. Embryol. iv. 185 In the next stage the clear vegetative cells derived (presumably) from the micromeres wander in to form the primary mesenchyme.
indirect passive.1851Mrs. Browning Casa Guidi Wind. ii. 19 We poets, wandered round by dreams.
b. Of persons, with reference to movement of part of the body only.
1726Pope Odyss. xxiv. 374 He seiz'd him with a strict embrace, With thousand kisses wander'd o'er his face. 1831James Phil. Augustus xix, The hand which held the letter before his eyes dropped to his side; and with the fingers of the other he wandered thoughtfully over his brow.
c. Of rumours, current opinions, etc.: To be in circulation (on uncertain evidence or authority). Also † to wander it.
a1547Surrey æneid ii. 25 The fame wherof so wandred it at point. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 241 b, And this immaginacion in especiall, wandred through the heddes of all men. 1831W. L. Bowles Thomas Ken II. Introd. 7, I am informed by..the Bishop of Hereford,..that there wandered, in his early days, another report of this story. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ix. II. 515 There was no evidence which could be laid before a jury or a court martial: but strange whispers wandered about the camp.
d. Of the eyes: To turn this way and that; to rove. Hence, of the vision: To pass (idly or restlessly) from one point to another; to traverse a field of view (erratically or vaguely).
1574Hellowes Gueuara's Fam. Ep. (1584) 344 After the manner of a drunkard, that venteth for the best wine: so doe mine eyes stare and wander to finde out some olde Sepulture. 1663Gerbier Counsel 25 His eyes must wander about every workmans hands. 1704J. Pitts Relig. & Mann. Mahommetans vi. 42 Fixing their Eyes on the Ground just before them, not in the least gadding or wandring with their Eyes. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho i, Their eyes wandered over the glorious scene. 1848Dickens Dombey xlii, Mr. Dombey..looked round at the pictures on the walls. Cursorily as his cold eye wandered over them, Carker's keen glance accompanied his. 1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 251 As the eye of the visitor wanders curiously over its ample dimensions.
e. Of the mind, thoughts, desires, etc. (usually personified, and conceived as moving without the direction of reason or will towards, or about, the objects of their consideration): To move (hither and thither) uncontrolled.
c1400Pety Job 471 in 26 Pol. Poems 136 My thoughtes wandre wyde whare, For they ben, lorde, full variaunte. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 167 They wyll not let theyr myndes..wauer or wander abrode. 1577Grange Golden Aphrod. etc. R ij b, Where are thy wittes..? If so they wandring be abrode, then call them home againe. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 2 If my thoughts haue wandred, I must intreat the wel-bred Reader to remember, I haue wandred through many deserts. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 148 Those thoughts that wander through Eternity, To perish rather. 1742Young Nt. Th. i. 107 Why wanders wretched thought their tombs around, In infidel distress? 1837Dickens Pickw. xxii, Then his mind reverted to Mrs. Martha Bardell; and from that lady it wandered, by a natural process, to the dingy counting-house of Dodson and Fogg. 1884W. C. Smith Kildrostan 55 The mind was wandering, as it often does On the dim verge of life. 1888‘J. S. Winter’ Bootle's Childr. iv, Her poor, anxious, distraught mind wandering hither and thither in the bewildering mazes of delirium.
f. Of rivers, roads, etc.: To pursue a devious or circuitous course; to wind, meander.
1742Gray Eton 9 Wanders the hoary Thames along His silver-winding way. 1831James Phil. Augustus xxxiii, The hills which confine the course of the Seine fall back..and leave it to wander through a wide rich valley. 1858Kingsley Misc. (1859) I. 144 You will find..‘deep glooms and sudden glories’, in every foot-broad rill which wanders through the turf. 1883R. W. Dixon Mano i. vi. 16 There fountains sprang, and runnels wandered clean.
g. Of a gyroscope or other spinning body: to undergo a gradual change in orientation.
1930Engineering 7 Mar. 323/2 The static gyro-compass did not wander during a week's trials more than about 1 deg..per day. The wandering was always in the same direction,..but the rate of wander varied slightly with alterations of the course. 1958Listener 13 Nov. 779/2 The gyroscope will wander at the slightest hint of imperfection in its manufacture or assembly.
3. a. Of persons (or things completely, or in part, personified): To deviate from a given path, or determined course; to turn aside from a mark or object proposed; to stray from one's home or company, or from protection or control.
1500–20Dunbar Poems v. 8 And sa to hevin the hieway dreidless scho wend, Ȝit scho wanderit, and ȝeid by to ane elriche well. 1538Elyot Dict., Aberro, to erre or wander very moche. 1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. i. iii. §2 If the Moone should wander from her beaten way. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 95 When the Planets In euill mixture to disorder wander. 1611Bible Deut. xxvii. 18 Cursed be hee that maketh the blinde to wander out of the way. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 205 One day..he hunted and wandring from his company lost himselfe. a1761Law Comf. Weary Pilgr. (1809) 123 For every son of Adam has everything in him that is said of that prodigal, he has lost his first state and condition, as he did, is wandered as far from his heavenly father and country. 1875Scrivener Lect. Text N.T. 5 His eye may have wandered from one line to another. 1888Stevenson Black Arrow i. vii, It became difficult to choose a path, and the lads somewhat wandered. 1905Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Sept. 292/1 It is impossible to wander in an avenue.
b. fig. or in fig. context: Of persons (also of the mind, thoughts, desires, etc. personified): To turn aside from a purpose, from a determined course of conduct, or train of thought; to digress; to pass out of the control of reason or conscience; to fall into error (moral or intellectual), etc. Often with away, off, etc.
c897ælfred Gregory's Past. C. liii. 415 Ðonne hwelces monnes mod..færð swa wandriende from his hade & of his endebyrdnesse [L. extra ordinem proprium vagatur]. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye ii. 249 And many of them wrongly wandrynge from the ryghtnes of faythe. 1565J. Hall Crt. Vertue 29 b, That each estate May vnderstande howe farre awrye They wandred be from righteousnes, The lyuing God that doe denye. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. ii. 27, I may, for some things true, wherein my youth Hath faultie wandred, and irregular, Finde pardon on my true submission. 1613― Hen. VIII, iii. i. 138 Madam, you wander from the good We ayme at. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 11 It is then expedient that we should not wander, but rather follow a setled short way, easie both for learners and teachers. 1675J. Owen Indwelling Sin v. (1732) 38 Look to thy self, take care of thy Affections, they will be gadding and wandring, and that from their Aversation to what thou hast in hand. 1716Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Pope 14 Sept., I have..so far wandered from the discipline of the church of England as to have been last Sunday at the opera. 1737Whiston Josephus, Antiq. Diss. i. §18 So far was his mind wander'd from the right way, that even he was not a believer, as to what he himself said. 1771Junius Lett. 30 Jan., Having travelled thus far in the high road of matter of fact, I may now be permitted to wander a little into the field of imagination. 1879M. E. Braddon Clov. Foot x, John Treverton, smoking his cigar, and letting his thoughts wander away at a tangent every now and then. 1898F. Montgomery Tony i. 21 She could not read her novel with any peace of mind; and she found her attention wandering from it. 1911Marett Anthropol. 173 But we must not wander off into questions of origin. It is enough..to have noted the fact that, [etc.].
4. Of persons: To be unsettled, or incoherent, in mind, purpose, etc. Hence, later, to be temporarily disordered in mind, as from illness or exhaustion affecting the brain; to be delirious, or (with especial reference to the resulting incoherence of speech) to ramble, rave, talk wildly.
c1400Destr. Troy 8885 Oft [I] wandrit, & woke, & in my wit caste; And my person enpayret, pynet me sore, For thes lordes þat I lede, and the ledis all. Ibid. 10097 The buerne to his bed buskit anon,..And lay in his loge, litill he sleppit, But wandrit & woke for woo of his buernes. 1718S. Sewall Diary 6 Feb., This morning wandering [but perh. read wondering] in my mind whether to live a Single or a Married Life. 1833T. Hook Parson's Dau. ii. iv, She must have wandered—she must have been dreaming. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xxiv, They said he was wandering in his head yesterday. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xiv. 166 On awaking about eleven o'clock, he was wandering. 1876Black Madcap Violet xxxvii, He wanders a little, you know, as a feverish person will, when he speaks to you. 1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xvii. 273 The patient may wander or pass into a comatose state.
II. Transitive senses.
5. To roam over, in, through (a place); to traverse in wandering.
1573L. Lloyd Pilgr. Princes 104 b, For in the night before Cicero dreamed, being banished from Rome, that he wandred diuers straunge countries. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. vii. 28 High ouer hils, and low adowne the dale, She wandred many a wood, and measurd many a vale. 1671Milton P.R. i. 354 Forty days Eliah without food Wandred this barren waste. 1682Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) I. 246 Chusing rather to wander the wide world then under⁓goe (as they call it) such persecution. 1798Bloomfield Farmer's Boy, Winter 390 Seedtime and Harvest let me see again; Wander the leaf-strewn wood, the frozen plain. 1892Yeats Countess Cathleen v. (1912) 108, I gaze upon them as the swallow gazes Upon the nest under the eave, before She wander the loud waters. 1970Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Sept. 29/5 (Advt.), When you are wandering the attractive shops..you can pause for luncheon. 1976Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 12 Nov. 9/2 Born into a London Jewish family in October, 1936, he remembers the excitement of wandering the bomb sites of postwar London. 1981E. Ward Baltic Emerald x. 71 First you wander this place for me, find Suite A.
6. To cause to wander, lead astray; also fig. to confuse in mind, bewilder. Chiefly colloq. or humorous.
1897Flandrau Harvard Episodes 319 He meant to..‘wander’ her like a cat in a strange wood. 1899W. E. H[enley] in Pall Mall Mag. Aug. 579 Nay, it wanders him to worse purpose yet; for it even makes him say that, if [etc.]. 1899Crockett Kit Kennedy xlviii, Mary was conscious that she was not doing herself justice... So she smiled. That smile ‘wandered’ the assistant. He promptly lost grip. 1914N. Munro New Road xxx, ‘Ye've knocked the feet from me!’ he said in a voice depressed. ‘I'm fairly wandered.’
7. Comb., as wander-bird = Wandervogel; wander-plug, a plug which can be fitted into any of a number of sockets in a dry battery; wander-spirit = wanderlust; wander-witted = wandery (cf. wandrynge-wytted s.v. wandering ppl. a. 2 b).
1924A. Huxley Little Mexican 184 Parties of ruck⁓sacked *Wander-Birds. 1926― Essays New & Old 157 Of northern Germany it is enough to say that it is the home of the wander-birds.
1923Daily Mail 5 June 13/5 A few high-tension batteries (50 volts with *wander-plugs). 1968Wander plug [see spade terminal s.v. spade n.1 5].
1927Observer 19 June 22/4 There is a drive..which it is the first duty of every motor owner with the *wander-spirit properly developed to explore. 1959Listener 29 Jan. 225/2 A *wander-witted granddad, a sad bore to his family. 1959P. Fleming Siege at Peking xiv. 220 The sights he had seen had turned his hair and beard prematurely white and made him wander-witted.
▪ III. wander
Sc. variant of wandreth Obs. |