| 释义 |
inverted, ppl. a.|ɪnˈvɜːtɪd|
[f. invert v. + -ed1.]
I.
1. a. Turned upside down.
1598Florio, Inuerso, inuerted. 1609Douland Ornith. Microl. 75 There be that ascribe an inuerted semicircle to this proportion. 1665Hooke Microgr. 11 A fit Vessel for this purpose, will be an inverted Glass Syphon. 1766Cavendish in Phil. Trans. LVI. 178 The air remaining unabsorbed in the inverted bottle of sope leys. 1806Naval Chron. XV. 106 They had no covering but an inverted boat. 1824J. Johnson Typogr. II. iii. 58 Inverted commas owe their origin to Mons. Guillemet, a Frenchman. 1838and 1857Inverted commas [see comma 4]. 1842–76Gwilt Archit. §1885 In foundations where..there would be a liability, from uneven bearing, to partial failure, it has been the practice..to turn inverted arches, to catch on their springing the weight to be provided against. 1869Tyndall Notes Lect. Light 22 Dove has applied the ‘reversion prism’ to render erect the inverted images of the astronomical telescope.
b. Mus. Of chords or intervals: Having the lowest note transposed an octave higher.
1811Busby Dict. Mus. (ed. 3), Inverted, a term applicable to certain positions of any subject or chord. 1889E. Prout Harmony i. §26 An inverted 5th becomes a 4th.
c. Applied to a letter whose sound is produced by inverting the tongue against the hard palate. Also absol. as n.
1879Sweet in Philol. Soc. Trans. 468, rn, etc. represent single inverteds. 1888― Eng. Sounds 26 The inverteds are..represented in Sanskrit under the name of cerebrals. 1902[see cacuminal a.]. 1918,1934[see cerebral a. 2].
2. Reversed in position or order; turned in the opposite direction.
1620T. Granger Div. Logike 230 Defects are to be supplied;..and the inverted parts are to be placed in order. 1796Burke Let. Noble Ld. Wks. VIII. 47, I live in an inverted order. They who ought to have succeeded me are gone before me. 1851Maurice Patriarchs & Lawg. xviii. (1867) 327 This is the inverted order of Paganism.
3. a. Reversed in relations.
1702Steele Funeral Prol., But we, still kind to your inverted sense, Do most unnatural things once more dispense. 1709Steele Tatler No. 127 ⁋1 This inverted Idolatry, wherein the Image did Homage to the Man. 1786Burke Art. Hastings Wks. 1842 II. 181 All the true and substantial powers of government were in an inverted relation and proportion to the official and ostensible authorities. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1876) I. xii. 193 The mere inverted Jesuitism of a man resolved to do good that evil might come.
b. Reversed in meaning.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. i. iv. 14 Intended expressions receiving inverted significations. 1663J. Spencer Prodigies (1665) 97 Were I inclined to an Observation of Omens and Prodigies, I should..make an inverted use of the words of the Reverend Publisher.
c. Psychol. spec. of the sex instincts.
1897H. Ellis Stud. Psychol. Sex I. 16 The painter Bazzi seems to have been radically inverted. Ibid. 156 Social opinion is most amply adequate to deal with the manifestations of inverted sexuality. 1958Amer. Jrnl. Orthopsychiatry XXVIII. 428 Inverted females would be expected to show..a relatively complete identification with the masculine role. 1974Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Feb. 109 A telling parody of inverted sexist trends in our own society.
4. Mil. See invert v. 3.
1832Regul. Instr. Cavalry iii. 84 An Inverted Line can change its Front.
5. Math. = inverse a. 3.
1885Watson & Burbury Math. The. Electr. & Magn. I. 125 Every sphere in the original system becomes another sphere in the inverted system.
6. Chem. Of cane-sugar: see quots.
1864–72Watts Dict. Chem. II. 855 Dextroglucose occurs abundantly in sweet fruits..and always with such a quantity of lævorotatory fruit-sugar that the mixture exhibits lævorotatory power, and is thence called inverted sugar. Ibid. 863 The mixture of [dextroglucose and lævoglucose] in equal numbers of atoms constitutes fruit sugar, or inverted sugar, which is itself lævo-rotatory, because the specific rotatory power of lævoglucose is greater than that of dextroglucose.
II.
7. Her. Turned inwards or towards the middle of the field: said of animals or their members: see quots.
1610J. Guillim Heraldry iii. xvii. (1611) 159 The field is Ruby, two wings Inuerted and conioined Topaz. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry i. v. 67 When fishes are borne swimming you shall say Naiant..when respecting each other, Inverted. 1864Boutell Her. Hist. & Pop. x. 64 If the tips of the wings droop downwards they are inverted.
8. Path. Introverted; turned inside out.
1787R. Cleghorn in Med. Commun. II. 241 Sometimes the inversion is so partial, that no part of the inverted uterus descends below it's mouth. 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) IV. 110 The womb is inverted, when at the same time that it is displaced or has fallen down, it is turned inside out.
9. Special collocations: inverted comma (see also comma 4), inverted engine (see quot. 1961), inverted loop, inverted pleat; inverted snob, one who dislikes, or avoids contact or association with, the upper classes; one who tries to appear to be a member of, or sympathetic to, the lower classes; so inverted snobbery, inverted snobbism; inverted spelling = inverse spelling (inverse a. 5).
1789J. Robertson Ess. Punctuation 130 Two inverted commas are generally placed at the beginning of a phrase or a passage, which is quoted or transcribed from some author, in his own words. 1927R. B. McKerrow Introd. Bibliogr. 316 Inverted commas were, until late in the seventeenth century, frequently used at the beginnings of lines to call attention to sententious remarks... They were not especially associated with quotations until the eighteenth century. 1933Week-End Rev. 28 Oct. 439/1 ‘Dunky Fitlow’! What a name! One could hardly ask for it without embarrassment, without qualifying it by inverted commas in the voice. 1956A. S. C. Ross in M. Black Importance of Lang. (1962) 95 It is non-U to place the name of a house in inverted commas. 1963Auden Dyer's Hand 520 One has a sense, and nowhere more strongly than in the songs [of Twelfth Night], of there being inverted commas around the ‘fun’.
[1885List of Subscribers, Classified (United Telephone Co.) (ed. 6) 236 High-class..stationary engines. Beam, Compound Condensing, Inverted, Vertical.] 1933Meccano Mag. Feb. 109/2 It is fitted with three de Havilland ‘Gipsy III’ inverted engines. 1961Webster, Inverted engine, an engine whose crankshaft is above the cylinders.
1940Chambers's Techn. Dict. 458/1 Inverted loop, a manœuvre of an aeroplane consisting of a complete revolution about a lateral axis, with the normally upper surface of the machine on the outside of the path of the loop. Must be commenced while flying inverted.
1915T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Spring & Summer Suppl. 1/2 The smart patch pockets are finished with stitched inverted pleats. 1964McCall's Sewing ii. 30/1 Inverted pleat, two side pleats which turn toward each other. 1971‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Doctor Bird iii. 29 For golf, I have always worn an Orkney tweed skirt with a low inverted pleat at the back.
1943N. Marsh Colour Scheme vi. 99 Don't call me Mr. Bell. I'm afraid you're an inverted snob. 1955Koestler Trail of Dinosaur ii. 87 Only an inverted snob will pretend..that ‘the aristocracy’..is devoid of value. 1966Guardian 14 May 7/6 But, gosh, don't be an inverted snob! Subculture is fun!
1883R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 176 His book..was a capital instance of the Penny Messalina school of literature; and there arose from it..a rank atmosphere of..sickening, inverted snobbery. 1930R. Lehmann Note in Music iii. 108 Inverted-snobbery complex, Clare would have called it. 1937L. Bromfield Rains Came i. xxxviii. 159 It was that eternal, inverted snobbery of his, that hatred of anyone born with the things he had never achieved. 1958Times 25 Jan. 7/3 Inverted snobbery, we are told, is rampant in Cambridge. 1971Lancet 23 Apr. 918/2 The curious inverted snobbery of the use of ‘Mr.’ by surgeons (even if they have an m.d. or a ph.d. as well as their m.b.),..with all its regional and specialty variations, is well worth the attention of a sociologist.
1939A. Thirkell Before Lunch vi. 160 The inverted snobbism that at once overcame her against her will.
1958G. L. Brook Hist. Eng. Lang. v. 102 Another contributory cause of the confusion of Modern English spelling is to be found in what are called inverted spellings. 1970B. M. H. Strang Hist. English ii. v. 291 Inverted spellings, e.g. y for e in districts suspected to be y-less, are as revealing as direct e for y spellings. |