| 释义 |
isogloss|ˈaɪsəʊglɒs|
[a. G. isogloss (A. Bielenstein Die Grenzen des Lettischen Volksstammes (1892) 397, f. iso- + gloss n.1]
In Linguistic Geography, the boundary of an area of local concentration or dominance of a significant feature (as of vocabulary or pronunciation). Also, a line plotted on a map indicating the area in which such a feature is concentrated or is dominant. Hence isoˈglossic a.
1925O. Jespersen Mankind, Nation & Individual iii. 41 As a rule we find that the frontiers for one phenomenon do not exactly coincide with the frontiers for another, so that the ‘isoglosses’ (as such frontiers of single phenomena are called) sometimes agree, sometimes run somewhat parallel with one another, but fairly often cross one another in the most distracting manner. 1927L. Bloomfield in Mod. Philology Nov. 220 The boundaries of successive linguistic changes (isogloss lines) do not coincide... Isoglosses may be bundled along barriers to communication; if the barrier (e.g., a political boundary) is removed, the isoglossic bundle may be overlaid by later linguistic development. 1933― Lang. iii. 51 Within a dialect area, we can draw lines between places which differ as to any feature of language. Such lines are called isoglosses. 1949H. Kurath Word Geogr. Eastern U.S. 11 In figure 2 the focus of each of the more distinctive sub-areas of the Eastern States is set off by a single word line or isogloss. 1953J. B. Carroll Study of Lang. ii. 59 The purpose of linguistic geography is to make a detailed analysis of local linguistic variations... Efforts are made to establish isoglosses, which may be described as cartographic lines separating the geographical localities which show a difference with respect to a specific linguistic item. 1955Publ. Amer. Dialect Soc. xxiii. 40 When it [sc. a form] is found within a sharply defined area, one may draw a line called an isogloss, to indicate the boundaries of the area in which this form occurs. 1958Ibid. xxx. 3 But a number of lexical terms do not occur in geographical patterns corresponding to the isogloss divisions for known Northern and Midland features. 1964H. B. Allen in A. A. Marckwardt Stud. Lang. & Ling. in Honor C.C. Fries 305 The major isogloss bundle is shown on the map by the 1–1 line. 1968Amer. Speech XLIII. 185 It is separated from other dialects of Yiddish by a bundle of grammatical, phonological, and lexical isoglosses. 1968W. S. Allen Vox Graeca i. 12 The ττ of pure Attic is part of an isogloss having its probable point of origin in Boeotian. 1972H. Kurath Stud. Area Ling. 60 The location of some representative isoglossic lines..is shown in Figure 21.
Hence also isoˈglottal, -glottic adjs.
1932Missouri Alumnus Apr. 232/1 The American Council of Learned Societies is financing a ‘Dialect Atlas of the United States and Canada’, and already the workers are making a survey of New England. They have a ‘work-sheet’ of 800 questions which bring to light the notable speech variations, and from the information so gathered they construct maps with ‘iso-glottal’ lines like those on a topographic map. 1939L. H. Gray Foundations of Lang. ii. 26 Such lines are termed isoglottic lines or isographs. 1954Word X. 375 The location of different isoglottic lines did not coincide in one linguistic area. |