| 释义 |
isostere|ˈaɪsəʊstɪə(r)|
[f. iso- + Gr. στερε-ός solid.]
1. a. [ad. G. isoster (A. R. v. Miller-Hauenfels Theoret. Meteorol. (1883) i. 2).] A line or surface (either imaginary or on a map or diagram) connecting points where some substance has an equal specific volume.
1900V. Bjerknes in U.S. Dept. Agric. Monthly Weather Rev. XXVIII. 436/2 The upper isosteres surround the whole earth, whereas the lower ones intersect the earth's surface along the isosteric curves. 1944H. R. Byers Gen. Meteorol. ix. 217 The lines of constant specific volume, called isosteres, slope upward toward the pole. 1957G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. v. 287 It is probable that in all cases in stratified lakes the deep water currents do not represent steady-state circulation systems maintained by a more or less constant wind stress, but rather continually changing readjustments to the changing position of the isosteres.
b. Physical Chem. [ad. G. isoster (H. Freundlich Kapillarchemie (1909) a. ii. 102).] A line on a graph showing the pressure of a gas required to produce a given amount of adsorption at different temperatures.
1919Proc. R. Soc. XCVI. 289 It is..difficult to obtain observations of an adsorption isostere over a very wide stretch of temperature. 1940Glasstone Text-bk. Physical Chem. xiv. 1173 The isostere for log p against 1/T is linear, as it should be if the van't Hoff equation is applicable. 1970A. J. B. Robertson Catalysis Gas Reactions by Metals ii. 22 Such isosteres can be derived from isotherms at different temperatures.
2. Also isoster. Chem. Each of two or more isosteric molecules or ions (see isosteric a. 4).
1919I. Langmuir in Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XLI. 1544 Compounds showing a relationship to one another like that between carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide will be called isosteric compounds or isosteres. 1924J. A. Cranston Struct. Matter viii. 160 The tabulation of isosteres is of special value in the study of the crystalline forms of compounds. 1958A. Albert in Current Trends in Heterocyclic Chem. (Chem. Soc.) viii. 64 Thiazole and pyridine are another pair of isosteres said to resemble one another closely in properties. 1968European Jrnl. Cancer IV. 222 The carcinogenic activity of 10 heteropolycyclic substances, of which 7 were sulfur-containing isosters, and 3 were isomers. |