| 释义 |
ˈweatherboard
1. a. One of a series of boards nailed horizontally, with overlapping edges, as an outside covering for walls. Also collect. sing.
1539–40in Swayne Churchw. Acc. Sarum (1896) 268, C fowt of whether borde to whetherborde the howes end. 1759Phil. Trans. LI. 287 Some of the weather-boards were thrown outwards to the bottom of the garden. 1802Barrington's Hist. N.S. Wales x. 420 The stores were of brick, and the guard-house of weather-boards. 1845J. O. Balfour Sk. N.S. Wales 87 Settlers..have, according to their means, built of free-stone, brick, or weather-boards, cottages and houses. 1883Sladen Austral. Lyrics 25 The other, sore-dinted, scarcely crawled to the sheltering weatherboards. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right vi. 61 The more ambitious buildings are of weather-board, sawn pine or hardwood boards, roofed with large sheets of galvanized iron.
attrib.1894A. Robertson Nuggets, etc. 173 The weather⁓board walls creaked and groaned like a ship's timbers in a gale.
b. A board laid over builders' work or material as a protection.
1851B'ham & Midl. Gardeners' Mag. Apr. 30 Every heap [sc. of quick lime] being covered by mats or weatherboards. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. I. 195 Unfinished walls should be covered with straw, on which boards, called weather⁓boards, should be laid.
c. A weatherboarded dwelling or other building. Austral.
1925‘H. H. Richardson’ Way Home II. i. 123 Jerry and his bride had made ready their tiny weatherboard. 1935L. Mann Human Drift xxxvi. 238 Magnificently the two stories of Geelong weatherboards, new that year, overlooked on the ridge. 1975D. Malouf Johnno ii. 28 But our one-storeyed weatherboard wasn't the only one to be fortified. The whole city had taken on the aspect of an armed camp.
2. a. A board placed sloping over a window or other opening to throw off or keep out rain; † pl. louver-boards; also, a board used to carry off water.
1568Ludlow Churchw. Acc. (Camden) 128, ij bordes to make wether bordes for the windowes in the steple. 1569Ibid. 138, iij bordes..ffor wetherbordes in the steple windowes. 1585Higins Junius' Nomencl. 210/2 Deliquiæ,..water boords, or weather bordes; gutters whereinto the house eaues doe drop. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 577 The Cathedrall Church of Holen hauing..also beames and weather-bourdes, and the rest of the roofe proportionally answering to this lower building. 1741Phil. Trans. XLII. 498 A great Number of large Holes, regularly placed,..with Weather-boards placed over each Range of Holes, so as to hang over them obliquely downwards. 1818Moore Fudge Fam. Paris iii. 80 Such hats!—fit for monkeys—I'd back Mrs. Draper To cut neater weather-boards out of brown paper. 1833T. Hook Love & Pride, Marquess xii, Rattle went all the windows—slap went the weather boards [of an omnibus]. 1892Dict. Arch. (Archit. Publ. Soc.), Weather board, a board fixed..at the bottom of a door or window, to keep out driving rain.
b. Naut. (See quots.)
1760–72tr. Juan & Ulloa's Voy. (ed. 3) II. 304 On the 30th we took down our weather-boards. 1815Falconer's Dict. Marine (ed. Burney), Weather-Boards are pieces of plank placed in the ports of a ship, when laid up in ordinary; they are fixed in an inclined position, so as to turn off the rain without preventing the circulation of the air. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 1908Paasch From Keel to Truck (ed. 4) 546 Weather-boards,..boards fitted closely together..in front or on the sides of a bridge, poop or raised quarter⁓deck.
3. Naut. [See weather n. 8 and board n. 12. Cf. Icel. veðr-borð.] The windward side of a ship.
a1625H. Manwayring Sea-mans Dict. (1644) 12 The weather⁓boord, that is as much as to say, to windward. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey). 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.
Hence ˈweatherboard v. trans., to nail weatherboards upon (a wall or roof); also absol. ˈweatherboarded ppl. a. ˈweatherboarding vbl. n., the work of covering a building with weatherboards; also concr., weatherboards collectively.
1515in Compotus Rolls Obedientiaries St. Swithun's, Winch. (1892) 461 Et in solutis duobus carpentariis conductis ad wetherbordandum finem coquinæ. 1535–6Rec. St. Mary at Hill 370 Paid ffor viij c di. of borde ffor to wederborde the sowth side of wolston wynnys howse. 1613S'hampton Crt. Leet Rec. (1905) 464 The Towne howse now in the tenure of Thomas beare..would requier to be weather⁓boorded. 1632in E. B. Jupp Carpenters' Co. (1887) 300 The boarding and weatherboarding of howses shedds and hovells. 1703[R. Neve] City & C. Purchaser 285 Weather⁓boarding..is us'd to signifie the Boards themselves, when nail'd up. 1737W. Salmon Country Builder's Estimator (ed. 2) 16 To build a Barn with all new Oak-Timber, to thatch, underpin, and weather-board with Feather-edged Deals. 1796W. H. Marshall W. Eng. II. 211 Farm houses..with weatherboarded barns. 1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 48 The outside covered over with strong weather⁓boarding. 1847J. D. Lang Phillipsland 283 A neat, comfortable, weather-boarded cottage. 1885Harper's Mag. Mar. 606/1 Narrow strips of weather-boarding. |