| 释义 |
Weissenberg|ˈvaɪsənbɜːg|
[The name of Karl Weissenberg (b. 1893), Austrian-born physicist.]
a. Cryst. Used attrib. with reference to a technique of single-crystal X-ray diffraction introduced by him, in which a metal shield allows the diffracted X-rays to produce only one set of parallel lines of spots which are recorded over the whole of the photographic film by rotating it synchronously with the crystal, enabling the Miller indices and other crystal parameters to be easily obtained.
1934W. P. Davey Study of Crystal Struct. & its Applic. vii. 205 The Weissenberg camera may be used..in the indexing of diffraction spots which are so thickly clustered on layer lines as to require otherwise a large number of oscillation photographs. 1962Weissenberg photograph [see salesite]. 1976D. Sherwood Crystals, X-rays & Proteins xiv. 507 To obtain full three-dimensional information, we may take a series of photographs corresponding to each layer line in which we are interested. This was realised by K. Weissenberg, and in 1924, he published an experimental method which enables this to be done. This is now known as the Weissenberg method.
b. Physics. Weissenberg effect: an effect observed when a visco-elastic liquid is stirred, when the liquid rises in the centre and climbs the stirring rod rather than forming a concave surface like normal fluids.
1949M. Reiner et al. in Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry LXVIII. 327/2 When a vertical rod is rotated in certain viscous elastic liquids, the liquid climbs up the rod and when a disc is rotated in such a liquid near the bottom of a beaker containing it, the liquid is drawn radially towards the centre... Freeman and Weissenberg claim that the first experimental observations were made by Weissenberg and Russell... In view of this it would seem justifiable to describe such phenomena as ‘the Weissenberg Effect’. 1978Sci. Amer. Nov. 148/2 If you would like to produce the Weissenberg effect, you might use a mixing bowl mounted on a turntable. |