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▪ I. junket, n.|ˈdʒʌŋkɪt|
Forms: α. 4–7 ionket, (5 -ett, 6 -et(t)e), 6 ionckette, 6–7 iuncket, (6 -ete, 7 -ette), iunquet, iunket, 7–9 juncket, junkett, 7– junket. β. 6 ioncat, 6 iouncat, 6–7 iuncat, -cate, 7 iunkat, -kate, 7–8 juncate. See also juncade.
[Of somewhat obscure history, in respect both of forms and senses, but app. a. ONF. *jonket, *jonquet or jonquette, rush-basket, f. jonc rush, junk n.1 Norman patois has ‘jonquette espèce de crême faite avec du lait bouilli, additionné de jaunes d'œuf, de sucre et de caramel’ (Moisy), and the related forms jonchée (= med.L. juncata, It. giuncata) and jonchiere, jonquiere (:—*juncāria) are common in senses 1 and 2 of our word (see Littré and Godef.).
The β-forms in sense 2 may be directly from med.L. juncata (cf. juncade); but their late occurrence in sense 3 is notable. The history of sense 2 is not quite clear; and the relationship of 3 to 4 is complicated by the earlier junkery.]
1. A basket (orig. made of rushes); esp. a basket in which fish are caught or carried. Now dial.
1382Wyclif Exod. ii. 3 Whanne he myȝte hide hym no lenger, he tok a ionket of resshen..and putte the litil faunt with ynne. ― Job 2nd Prol. (1850) II. 671 If forsothe a iunket with resshe I shudde make. 1483Cath. Angl. 198/1 A Ionkett for fysche. 1565–73Cooper Thesaurus, Caudecæ, little coffers of wickers: iunkets wherein yeeles are taken. 1703Thoresby Let. to Ray (E.D.S.), Junket, a wicker long wisket to catch fish. 1829in Hunter Hallamsh. Gloss. 1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 366 Junkets..hand Junkets. 1893Northumbld. Gloss., Junket, a basket for catching fish.
2. A cream-cheese or other preparation of cream (originally made in a rush-basket or served on a rush-mat: see juncade); now, a dish consisting of curds sweetened and flavoured, served with a layer of scalded cream on the top. (Popularly associated with Devonshire, but answering to the ‘curds and cream’ of other districts.)
c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 93 Milke, crayme, and cruddes, and eke the Ioncate, Þey close a mannes stomak..Þerfore ete hard chese aftir. 1513Bk. Kernynge in Babees Bk. 266 Be ware of cowe creme, &..Iouncat, for these wyll make your souerayne seke but he ete harde chese. 1620Venner Via Recta v. 91 There are also certaine Iunkets vsually made of milke..as of the best of the milke coagulated, there is made a kinde of Iuncket, called in most places a Fresh-Cheese. a1693Urquhart Rabelais iii. xxxiii, No artificers are then [August] held in greater Request than the Afforders of refrigerating Inventions, Makers of Junkets [F. joncades]. 1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 561 Junket, made of raw milk and rennet..sweetened with sugar, and a little cream added [at Penzance]. 1826Polwhele Trad. & Recoll. II. 533 Cornwall produced nothing good but junket and the ‘Weekly Entertainer’. 1881Cornh. Mag. Nov. 609 Junkets identical with those for which Devonshire is famous, but made of ewe's instead of cow's milk.
†3. Any dainty sweetmeat, cake, or confection; a sweet dish; a delicacy; a kickshaw. Obs.
α1547–64Bauldwin Mor. Philos. (Palfr.) 137 To behold the furnished table..with variety of the most dainty iunkets, costly and delicate dishes. 1566W. Adlington Apuleius, Gold. Ass x. xlv, Bread pasties, tartes, custardes and other delicate ionckettes dipped in honie. 1629Parkinson Parad., Orchard xviii. 586 [Orange peel] Candied with Sugar to serve with other dryed Junquets. 1694Westmacott Script. Herb. 85 Fillberds..being an excellent Junket instead of Tobacco in their compotating humours. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. iv. x. 184 Junkets or Sweetmeats, were pompously brought in with the Solemnity of a Flute.
β1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. 194 It agreeth not with them that make profession of manlie fortitude..to take such iuncates. 1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 815 The people..do make of these Worms divers juncats, as we do Tarts, Marchpanes, Wafers, and Cheese-cakes. 1658Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 914 Juncates or honey-meats, and wafers, they have divers names as the thing is made. 1764Harmer Observ. iii. iv. 134 A cake seems to be used for all juncates or dainty meats.
4. A feast or banquet; a merrymaking accompanied with feasting; also in mod. use (chiefly U.S.), a pleasure expedition or outing at which eating and drinking are prominent; a picnic-party. Also transf. and fig.; spec. (see quot. 1886).
1530Palsgr. 235 Ionkette, banquet. 1540Morysine Vives Introd. Wysd. C j b, Spendynge his patrimonie vppon ionkettes [L. comessationes], mynstreles, and scoffers. a1655Vines Lord's Supp. (1677) 30 With these junkets and feasts they joyned the celebration of the Lords Supper. 1712Steele Spect. No. 298 ⁋5 At a late Junket which he was invited to. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 142 ⁋6 She taught him..to catch the servants at a junket. 1814F. Burney Wanderer III. 73, I come..to ask the favor of your company..to a little junket at our farm. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxviii. 1873Dixon Two Queens I. iv. viii. 229 Amidst his bridal junkets, Charles was told [etc.]. 1886Detroit Free Press 4 Sept. 4/2 The term ‘junket’ in America is generally applied to a trip taken by an American official at the expense of the government. 1946R. Blesh Shining Trumpets (1949) vii. 162 The first recording junket of modern times. 1954Koestler Invis. Writing xxxi. 326 Bloomsbury and Greenwich Village went on a revolutionary junket. 1966Telegraph (Brisbane) 13 Apr. 51/1 United States delegates to the Inter-Parliamentary Union conference in Canberra are upset that their trip has been described as a junket. 1966Sunday Times 11 Dec. 3/2 A week here as a member of a gambling junket. 1973Black World Apr. 96 On a junket to L.A. and New York looking for scripts. 1973Times 18 Aug. 14/1 The only way I could get to see the countries about whose politics I would write so knowledgeably was to get myself attached to groups of travel writers on facility trips, or what the Americans call junkets.
5. Comb., as junket-basket (= picnic-basket).
1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 439 Well-stored junket-baskets.
Hence junkeˈtaceous, ˈjunketous adjs., given to junketing. nonce-wds.
1760H. Walpole Corr. (1837) II. 16 You are as junkettaceous as my lady Northumberland. 1830Lady Granville Lett. (1894) II. 66 She rather likes the thought, having a more junketous soul than me.
▪ II. junket, v.|ˈdʒʌŋkɪt|
Also 7 -cat.
[f. prec. n.]
1. intr. To hold a banquet or feast; to make merry with good cheer; also (chiefly U.S.) to join in a picnic; to go on a pleasure excursion.
1555[see junketing vbl. n.]. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xiv. 192 If a female child be borne there is small solemnitie only..some yong wenches stand about the cradle, and lift it vp with the child in it, and name it.. and after this they iunket together. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 350 A creature..rather made to wonder at, than to juncket on. 1657Reeve God's Plea 86 A sad thing it is, that..when some are fasting, others should be juncating. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. ii. vi. 80 The Fire was in the middle of the Room, about which the Family did make Merry and Junket. a1745Swift Direct. Servants i. General, Whatever good bits you can pilfer in the day, save them to junket with your fellow-servants at night. 1821Lady Granville Lett. (1894) I. 205 The same party junket on Friday to Chiswick. 1874Greville Mem. Geo. IV (1875) III. xxiv. 122 The Chancellor had intended to go junketting on the Rhine.
2. trans. To entertain, feast. rare.
1745H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 64 The good woman..was in such a hurry to junket her neighbours. |