| 释义 |
▪ I. whisk, n.1|hwɪsk|
Forms: 4–6 Sc. wysk, 5–6 Sc. quhisk, 5–9 wisk, 6 whysk, 6–7 whiske, 7 wiske, 6– whisk.
[orig. wisk, wysk, and first in Sc. texts; partly f. whisk v., partly ad. Scandinavian n. represented by ON. visk wisp, Sw. viska besom, wisp, swab, Norw. visk wisp, cluster, pull, tug = OHG. wisc (MHG., G. wisch) wisp of hay, dish-clout, (M)DU. wisch wisp, LG. wisk quick movement, moment of time: see whisk v.]
I.
1. A brief rapid sweeping movement; a sudden light stroke, rush, dart, etc.; a light stroke of a brush or other sweeping implement. Also transf. and fig.
In later use regarded as noun of action from the verb (quasi an act of whisking); but evidenced in quots. earlier than the verb.
with a whisk becomes phrasal = in an instant, in a flash: similarly in a whisk.
1375Barbour Bruce v. 641 The king..Vatit the sper..And with a wysk the hed of-strak. c1480Henryson Paddock & Mouse 122 With ane wisk..He claucht his cluik betuix thame. a1510Douglas K. Hart i. 199 Fresche Bewtie with ane wysk come vp belyve. 1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. 18/1 in Holinshed, Sodaynly it [sc. a salmon] fetcheth such a round Whiske, that at a trice it skippeth to the top of the rocke. a1586Montgomerie Misc. Poems iii. 28 Quhen with a quhisk sho [sc. Fortune] quhirlis about hir quheill. 1589[? Lyly] Pappe w. Hatchet To Rdr., To giue them a whiske with their owne wand. a1625Fletcher Noble Gent. v. i, This first sad whisk [of the sword] Takes off thy Dukedom. 1644Bulwer Chirol. 94 [He] brings in Cæsar in the whiske of one of his Epigrams. a1693Urquhart's Rabelais iii. xvii. 141 Three Whisks of a Broom Besom. 1821Scott Pirate xxi, Come and gae like a glance of the sun, or the whisk of a whirlwind. 1853Lytton My Novel iv. xi, The pad [mare]..giving a petulant whisk of her tail. 1863Lowell Two Scenes from Life of Blondel ii. v, If a whisk of Fate's broom snap your cobweb asunder. 1863Reader 7 Nov. 538 His [sc. tiger's] tail looks as if it had a wisk in it still. 1869Mrs. Stowe Oldtown Folks xxxiv. (1870) 407 These wild, sudden whisks of gaiety. 1896Conan Doyle Rodney Stone xiii, He walked up and down the room..turning with a whisk upon his heel every now and then. 1900Zangwill Mantle of Elijah ii. xv, You see it all in a whisk.
II.
2. A neckerchief worn by women in the latter half of the 17th century. Obs. exc. Hist.
1654in Jeaffreson Midsx. County Rec. (1888) III. 225 Six Corle Whiskes worth seventeen shillings, six Corle Gorgetts worth fourteen shillings, [etc.] a1658Cleveland Zealous Disc. Wks. (1687) 382 Pray rectifie my Gorget, smooth my Whisk. 1660Pepys Diary 22 Nov., My wife..bought her a white whisk and put it on. 1688Holme Armoury iii. ii. 17/1 A Womans Neck Whisk..is used both Plain and Laced, and is called of most a Gorgett or a falling Whisk. 1706E. Ward Hud. Rediv. (Nares) With whisks of lawn, by grannums wore.
3. An instrument, now freq. a bundle of wires, for beating up eggs, cream, or the like.
1666Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual. 111 By beating the White of an Egge well with a Whisk, you may reduce it from a somewhat Tenacious into a Fluid Body. 1747H. Glasse Cookery xv. 140 First beat the Whites of the Eggs up well with a Whisk. 1882Worc. Exhib. Catal. iii. 38 Egg whisk for confectioners.
4. A bundle or tuft of twigs, hair, feathers, etc. fixed on a handle, used for brushing or dusting; also, a water-sprinkler.
1729Swift Direct. Serv. viii. (1745) 75 If you happen to break any China with the Top of the Wisk. 1772T. Simpson Vermin-Killer 18 With a whisk, sprinkle the corn..with it. 1834Marryat Peter Simple xiii, Father M‘Grath seized hold of the pot of holy water, and dipping in the little whisk, began to sprinkle the room. 1844G. Dodd Textile Manuf. vi. 176 The reeler then takes a whisk of fine twigs bound together.
b. A slender hair-like or bristle-like part or appendage, as those on the tails of certain insects.
(In first quot. app. used for ‘sting’.)
a1618Sylvester Tobacco Battered 290 The..piercing Poyson of a Dragon's Whisk, Or deadly Ey-shot of a Basilisk. 1676Cotton Angler ii. viii. 72 This..Stone-Flie..has two or three whisks..at the tag of his tail. 1747Bowlker Art Angling 64 The May Fly..with a long forked Tail made with the Hair or Whisks of a Fitchow's Tail. 1859Kingsley Glaucus (ed. 4) 198 The Ephemeræ..throwing off the whole of their skins (even..to the skin of the eyes and wings, and the delicate ‘whisks’ at their tail). 1886F. M. Halford Floating Flies 38 If the fly to be imitated has setæ or whisks. 1887J. H. Keene Fishing Tackle 181 Two whisks from a long fibre hackle, or two rabbit's whiskers.
c. The panicle or other part of certain plants used for making into brushes or brooms; esp. the panicle of the common millet or ‘broom-corn’ (Sorghum vulgare); hence, the plant itself.
1757[see whisk seed in 7]. 1805Trans. Soc. Arts XXIII. 258 Whisk, the article of which carpet brushes are formed. 1874Treas. Bot. Suppl., Whisk, a trade name for the flower-spikes of Sorghum vulgare. 1893Let. to Editor from Director of Kew Gardens, The fibrous root received for identification is that of Chrysopogon Gryllus, Trin. known as the Venetian or French Whisk. 1902Hannan Textile Fibres 157 Whisk, Mexican (Epicampes macroura). Ibid. 160 Whisk, Italian (Sorghum).
d. A small bunch, tuft, wisp.
1845S. Judd Margaret ii. xi, The ceiling was divided by whisks of flowers. 1862Smiles Engineers III. 318 Holding over their work large whisks of straw..to protect the bricks and cement.
e. A swarm of insects whisking or moving briskly about. rare—1.
1867F. Francis Bk. Angling vi. 202 The Fœtid Brown, or mushroom fly..may be seen in small whisks or swarms skipping up and down over the water.
5. A name for various mechanical appliances having a whisking movement.
a. A kind of winnowing-machine.
b. A machine for winding yarn.
c. A cooper's plane for levelling the chimes of casks.
1813Vancouver Agric. Devon 127 Few winnowing-machines, saving a common whisk or fly, are used in this county. 1825Jamieson, Whisks, a machine for winding yarn on a quill or clue. 1863J. Watson Weaving ii. 57 In winding warp from the hank, swifts or whisks are used. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Whisk, a cooper's plane.
III. †6. A whipper-snapper. Obs. slang.
1628Ford Lover's Mel. iii. i, No quarrels, good'ee Whiske. a1652Brome Novella iv. ii. L 7 b, Nic. This is the Gentleman. Pi. Tis the proud Braches whiske! a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Whisk, a little inconsiderable impertinent Fellow.
IV.
7. attrib. and Comb. (Some of these may be regarded as attrib. uses of the stem of whisk v.) whisk broom = sense 4; † whisk-comb (see quot.); † whisk rod, a rod consisting of twigs or the like (cf. whisk v. 4); whisk seed, millet-seed (see 4 c); whisk tail, a tail that is or may be whisked; hence whisk-tailed a., having a whisk tail.
1857Local Act 20 & 21 Vict. c. cxlii. Sched. (B) *Whisk Brooms, loose, per 1,000 0 0 9. 1897Army & Navy Co-op. Soc., Ltd. No. 4 Dept. Special List 193 Whisk Broom, Leather bound with handle.
1688Holme Armoury iii. xiv. (Roxb.) 13/1 The *Wiske combe, haue teeth on one side, and are wide and slender.
Ibid. vii. 312/1 The *Whisk Rod is used to correct Rebellious Youths.
1757Franklin Lett. Wks. 1887 II. 494, I enclose you some *whisk seed; it is a kind of corn, good for creatures.
1675Lond. Gaz. No. 976/4 One Bay Mare,..with a *whisk Tayl. 1697Flying Post 19–21 Oct. 2/2 A small Spaniel Lap-Dog,..a short whisk Tail. 1720Lond. Gaz. No. 5836/4 A well spread Mare,..with a short whisk Tail.
1675Ibid. No. 952/4 Two Geldings,..both *whisk Tail'd. 1859C. Rossetti Goblin Market 107 The whisk-tailed merchant bade her taste.
▪ II. whisk, n.2 Obs. or dial.
[? f. whisk v.]
The earlier name of the card-game now called whist (whist n.3). Also attrib. Hence † ˈwhisker (wisker) nonce-wd., a whist-player.
1621J. Taylor (Water P.) Motto D 4, He flings his money free..At One and thirty, or at Poore and rich, Ruffe, slam, Trump, nody, whisk. 1674Cotton Compl. Gamester v. (1680) 61 The elder begins and younger follows in suit as at Whisk. [Elsewhere in the book Whist.] 1704T. Baker Act at Oxf. iii. ii. 33 We'll sit down to Ombre, Picquet, Wisk, and Swabbers; or One and Thirty Bone-ace. 1723Lady Bristol in Lett.-bks. J. Hervey, 1st Earl of Bristol (1894) II. 278 The wiskers have promised me some diversion. Ibid. 287, I reign Queen of the whisk party. Ibid. 291 He will be missd..as a whisk player. 1728[see swabber2]. 1810Sporting Mag. XXXVI. 75 Playing at whisk in an obscure village, in the Christmas holidays. 1829Brockett N.C. Gloss. (ed. 2), Whisk, a vulgar pronunciation of whist. 1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Whisk, whist, a game at cards. 1880[see swab n.2].
▪ III. whisk, v. (adv., int.)
Forms: see whisk n.1
[In early use Sc.; prob. of Scandinavian origin: cf. Sw. viska to whisk (off), sponge, Da. viske to wipe, whisk, rub, sponge (a gun), Norw. viska to put straw, etc. together in a bundle = OHG. wisken (MHG., G. wischen) to wipe, † intr. to move lightly or briskly, LG. wisken to move quickly, wipe off, etc.: cf. whisk n.1 The spelling with wh was adopted as being symbolic (cf. whip).]
1. a. intr. To move with a light rapid sweeping motion; to make a single sudden movement of this kind, to rush or dart nimbly; to move about or travel swiftly or briskly (occas. with it).
c1480Henryson Swallow xliii, Like to the mow before the face of wind Quhiskis away. 1513Douglas æneis iii. iv. 68 Suddanlie away thai [sc. harpies] wisk ilk ane, Furth of our sicht, heich wp in the sky. Ibid. xii. xii. 172 Lyke as befor the hund wyskis the hair. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. James iv. 7–17 You..whiske about by sea and by lande, to get pelfe. 1592R. D. Hypnerotomachia 12 b, Their vestures whisking vp and flying abroad. 1623R. Jobson Golden Trade 35 Beasts..will wiske with their tayles,..to auoyde or be rid of them [sc. flies]. a1699J. Beaumont Psyche xx. cxlvii, Sweets which each silly Wind that whisketh by, Snatcheth, and scattereth. 1710Steele Tatler No. 144 ⁋2 We..watch an Opportunity to whisk cross a Passage, very thankful that we are not run over. 1719D'Urfey Pills I. 172 Prickets from Thickets, Come whisk it and frisk it. 1800E. Hervey Mourtray Fam. III. 272 In whisking round a sharp angle, they over⁓set the carriage. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville II. 133 The..beavers..chasing each other about the pond, dodging and whisking about on the surface. 1868L. M. Alcott Little Women iii, As Meg appeared, Scrabble [the pet rat] whisked into his hole. 1872Black Adv. Phaeton xviii. 254 We whisked through Maghull village.
b. The vb.-stem used as adv. or int.: With a whisk, or sudden light movement.
1750Gray Long Story 79 Out of the window, whisk, they flew. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xlvii, He carried in his pocket..a fire-box of mysterious..construction; and as sure as ever Kit's mother closed her eyes, so surely—whisk, rattle, fizz—there was the single gentleman consulting his watch by a flame of fire. 1916‘Boyd Cable’ Action Front 12, I heard..something else goin' whisk like a cane switched past your ear. 1919H. Walpole Secret City ii. v. 353 A beautiful fruit just within his grasp... He's going to taste it, when whisk! it's gone.
2. a. trans. To move (something) about, away, back, etc. with a light sweeping motion.
1513Douglas æneis viii. Prol. 163 Quhen I walkynnit, all that welth was wiskyt away. 1594Marlowe & Nashe Dido ii. C 1 b, He..whiskt his sword about. 1675Hobbes Odyssey xi. 576 A sudden winde..whiskt away the Twigs. 1711Budgell Spect. No. 67. ⁋9 [He] ran to his Partner,..and whisked her round cleverly above ground. 1768Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 83 Burning a small stick at the end..and whisking it round to make gold lace, as we called it. 1784Cowper Task vi. 317 The squirrel..there whisks his brush, And perks his ears. 1837Dickens Pickw. iv, The horses..whisked their tails about. 1884Manch. Exam. 24 Nov. 6/3 One cannot always guard against a whirlpool catching the rudder..and whisking the boat round. 1916A. B. Reeve Pois. Pen iii, I forgot about it as I was whisked up in the elevator.
b. in reference to rapid travel: cf. whirl.
1694N. H. Ladies Dict. 436 They whisk her to Bath, to Bristol. 1801G. Colman Poor Gentl. iv. i. 59 There are four spanking greys..that shall whisk you to town in a minute. 1817W. T. Moncrieff Giovanni in Lond. i. ii, Ply your oar, and wisk me over to the other side. 1872Black Adv. Phaeton ii, A solitary omnibus, which daily whisks a few country people..down to Uxbridge.
3. To brush or sweep lightly and rapidly from a surface, esp. with a light instrument, as a feather or small brush.
1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. x. (1626) 214 Their tufted tailes Whiske vp the dust. c1790Imison's Sch. Arts II. 26 Having drawn the outline..faintly with charcoal, whisking out the faulty part with a feather. 1822W. Irving Braceb. Hall II. 259 His..horse stood, stamping and whisking off the flies. 1838Dickens O. Twist xxiii, The beadle..finished a piece of toast; whisked the crumbs off his knees [etc.]. 1881Walford Dick Netherby v, ‘An' shame on you for thinkin' sae.’ Mrs. M‘Clintock whisked her apron from her eyes.
4. To beat or whip with a rod of twigs or the like. Obs. in gen. sense: in later use, To stir or beat up (eggs, cream, etc.) with a light rapid movement (= whip v. 7), esp. by means of a whisk (see whisk n.1 3).
1530R. Whitford Werke for Housholders E i, Yf any chylde be..stubburne,..let it..be whysked with a good rodde. 1703[implied in whisking vbl. n.]. 1710T. Fuller Pharmacopœia 325 Whites of Eggs beat up and whisk'd 'till it stand all in froth. 1836J. Mollard Art of Cookery 265 A tea spoonful of Gum Dragon whisked to a solid froth. 1846A. Soyer Cookery 49 Using three whole and three yolks of eggs, but omitting the whisked whites. 1904Cassell's New Dict. Cookery s.v. Cream, Whipped, Double cream may be simply whipped by whisking it with a wire whisk until it thickens.
†5. fig. app. To hoax. (Cf. frisk v. 4 b.)
1674J. Howard Engl. Mounsieur v. iv, Hark ye Mr. Frenchlove, I believe you and I are whisk't with a couple of Wives, for Mr. Welbred, and Mr. Comely pretended to be in love with them, and the Devil a bit there's any such thing. |