| 释义 |
▪ I. withy, n.|ˈwɪðɪ|
Forms: 1 wiðiᵹ, 3 wiði, 4 wiþie, wiþge, (w(h)itheye, wytie, weþie), 4, 6–7 (9 Sc.) withie, 5–6 wythy, 5–7 withye, wythie, 6 wythye, 6–7 withee (5 withi, wethei, -ie, pl. wetheis, wethiss, 5–6 wethy, whythy, 6 wethye, pl. wythiese), 7, 9 withey, 6– withy.
[OE. wíþiᵹ (= L. vītex, vītic- Agnus Castus), for the connexions of which see withe. Cf. widdy.]
1. A willow of any species: sometimes spec. the osier willow, Salix viminalis.
961in Birch Cartul. Sax. III. 289 On þone haran wiðiᵹ. a1225Ancr. R. 86 He is ase þe wiði þet sprutteð ut þe betere þet me hine ofte croppeð. 1325in Kennett Parochial Antiq. (1695) 395 Tres acræ apud le Whitheyes. Ibid. 400 A quo quidem prato dimidia roda jacet atte Witheyes juxta pratum Prioris. c1325Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 163 Sauz [glossed wytie (wilwe)]. 1382Wyclif Lev. xxiii. 40 Ȝe shulen take to ȝow..withies of the rennynge water. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xiii. xi. (Bodl. MS.), In som partie of his brymme he haþ plente of wiþges and of segge as it is seide. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §24 The rakes..be moste comynly made of hasel and withe [ed. 1534 withee]. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxii. 403 [Polypody] growing vppon olde wythiese. c1640J. Smyth Lives Berkeleys (1883) I. 123 To be a bendinge withy, not a stubborne Oke. 1661Boyle Style Script. 180 Withees, whilst they are sound grow Unregarded Trees; but when they once are Rotten, Shine in the Night. 1791W. Gilpin Forest Scenery I. 64 The withy, or salix fragilis, is the most inconsiderable of it's tribe. 1866Blackmore Cradock Nowell l, The witheys were gloved with silver and gold. 1889Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxix, The moaning of the breeze among the withies.
b. With qualification, applied to various species of willow; also to other plants, as the laserwort, Laserpitium Siler: see quots.
hoop withy: see hoop n.1 13 b. † rose withy = willow-herb 2.
14..Metr. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 629/9 Wythy, ciler. 1523–34Fitzherb. Husb. §130 Whyte wethy..wyll not grow in marsshe ground. 1585Higins Junius' Nomencl. 153/1 Siler,..spert withie, ozier withie, or small withie. 1612R. Churton Olde Thrift newly revived 49 The Withie, of which are said to be 4 kinds, that is, the white withy, blacke Withie, and red Withie, osier Withie. 1650[W. Howe] Phytol. Brit. 27 Chamænerion sive Epilobium..Rosebay willow-herb, Rose withy, or Willow-flower. 1733W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farm. 191 This Withy often arrives to a large Stature, especially the red Sort. 1860J. W. Warter Sea-board II. 35 The yellow withy which lived on the moisture in the hollow. 1866Treas. Bot. 1235/2 Withy, Laserpitium Siler:..—, Hoop, Rivina octandra.
2. A flexible branch of a willow, esp. as used for tying or binding, as a halter (cf. widdy 2), etc.; any similar flexible branch or twig; a leash, hoop, or the like made of a withy.
a1400Sir Perc. 444 Therto his mere he bande With the withy. c1425Wyntoun Cron. vii. ix. 2874 Withe rapis and wetheis about þar hals. c1460Sir R. Ros La Belle Dame 186 With grene wythies ybounden. 1564W. Bullein Dial. agst. Pest. (1573) 6, I had better be hangad in a withie or in a cowtaile, then be a rowfooted Scot. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1348/2 Which tempest..rent up manie great trees,..or woond them like withies. 1658N. Riding Rec. VI. 34 He is a rogue and deserves a withy. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Indies II. xlv, 149 A Rattan Withy to lift them by. 1787W. Hutton Courts of Requests 324 The ties of honour..are as easily broken through, as Sampson's withies. 1790Grose Prov. Gloss. (ed. 2), Withy, a round hoop of osier. 1805Southey Madoc i. v, Canes and withies formed the walls and roof. 1818Scott Br. Lamm. vii, In order to save himself from the withie. 1865W. G. Palgrave Arabia II. 219 Palm-huts unroofed, despite of their strong lacings and withies. 1893Conan Doyle Refugees xxxiv, They were lashed to low posts with willow withies.
b. collect. sing. Withies as a material.
1833H. Martineau Brooke Farm viii. 95 The harness was made of withy. 1915Q. Rev. July 4 Pots of withy or of stout netting..are used for crabs.
†3. = widdy 3. Obs.
1438Exch. Rolls Scot. V. 58 Pro fabrica septem wethyis erri. 1456Ibid. VI. 278. 1484 Ibid. IX. 239.
4. attrib. and Comb., as withy band, withy basket, withy bed, withy blossom, withy bough, withy cutting, withy holt, withy labyrinth, withy leaf, withy pollard, withy pot, withy prison, withy rope, withy shoot, withy tree, withy twig, withy wood, etc.; withy-bound adj.; † withy-cole, ? charcoal made of willow wood; † withy-cragged [cragged a.2], see quots., withy-fly, an artificial fly used in angling; † withy-herb, purple loosestrife: = willow-herb 1.
a1688Stradling Serm. (1692) 176 Those Shackles..which could no more hold him, than the *withy bands could Sampson. 1820Shelley Hymn Merc. lxix, He..bound Stiff withy bands the infant's wrists around.
1891Hardy Tess xlix, She..packed up as many of her belongings as would go into a *withy basket.
956in Birch Cartul. Sax. III. 96 On ðæt *wiðiᵹ bed. 1420Chertsey Cartulary 41 b (P.R.O.), Duas acras terre et dimidiam super le Whythybed. 1583in Wadley Notes Wills Bristol (1886) 237 The withie Bedd or twigg bedd. 1844J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & W. xxxix, And now, sir, do you push on to that corner of this withy-bed. 1898J. A. Gibbs Cotswold Village 106 When November frosts begin to attract snipes to the withybeds.
1707Mortimer Husb. 203 As soon as the Willow or *Withy Blossoms appear.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. iii. 412 An arm gret *withi bough. 1862W. Barnes Hwomely Rhymes II. 85 Grey-leav'd withy-boughs.
1898A. Austin Lamia's Winter Quarters 8 The *withy-bound flask of ruby wine.
1657Reeve God's Plea 254 Fumigations of Storax,..Nemphar, Dragagant, *Withy-cole.
1607Markham Cavel. iii. ii. 14 His necke straight..and..of one peece with his bodie, and not (as my countrey-men say) *withie craggd, which is loose and plyant. 1766Complete Farmer s.v. Stable 7 B 1/1 The continual lifting up of the head to feed out of the rack..makes him, as they express it, withy⁓cragged.
1813Vancouver Agric. Devon 137 Two rows of *withy or sallow cuttings.
1799G. Smith Laboratory II. 298 Alder-fly, *withy-fly, or bastard-caddis.
1578Lyte Dodoens i. li. 75 Red Lysimachus, or *wythie herbe.
1856Mrs. Tennyson in Mem. Tennyson (1897) I. 412 Went to our *withy holt.
1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. i. lv, When a fisher-swain..hath spi'd A big-grown Pike..He sets a *withy Labyrinth beside.
c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 995 *Wethy leves, grene otes boyled in fere fulle soft. 1578Lyte Dodoens i. li. 72 The leaues be..like willow, or wythie leaues.
1863Kingsley Water-Bab. iii, The great *withy pollard which hangs over the backwater.
a1700Evelyn Diary 9 Feb. 1665, *Withy-potts or nests for the wild fowle to lay their eggs in.
1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. iii. ii, Thirsil from *withy prison..Lets out his flock.
1815Simond Tour Gt. Brit. II. 240 The *withy rope lasts good two years.
a1722Lisle Husb. (1757) 375, I gathered *withy-shoots over which the cart-wheel had run.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. cxliv. (Bodl. MS.), Þerfor it [is] nouȝt seker to slepe vnder þe *weþie tree. 1664Evelyn Sylva xxix. 82, A.. Withy-tree..which is increased to a most stupendious bulk.
1820Shelley Hymn Merc. xiii, He..bound them in a lump with *withy twigs.
1523Fitzherb. Husb. §24 Than maye he..tothe the rakes with drye *wethy wode.
▪ II. ˈwithy, a. rare.
Also -ey.
[f. withe n. + -y1.]
Resembling a withe or withy in flexibility.
1598Florio, Vencido, tractable, yeeldinge,..plyable, withie. 1756P. Browne Jamaica 244 A strong withey shrub. 1822W. Irving Braceb. Hall xxxvii. (1845) 229 The long withy ends of the branches. |