| 释义 |
▪ I. lawyer|ˈlɔːjə(r), ˈlɔɪə(r)|
Forms: 4 lawyere, 4–7 lawer(e, 4, 6–8 lawier(e, (5 laweour, laweyer(e, laweȝer, lawyour, 6 lawaier, -ayer), 6– lawyer.
[f. law n.1 + -yer: see also -ier.]
1. a. One versed in the law; a member of the legal profession, one whose business it is to conduct suits in the courts, or to advise clients, in the widest sense embracing every branch of the profession, though in colloquial use often limited to attorneys and solicitors. † high lawyer (see high a. 21).
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. vii. 59 Ȝe legistres and lawyeres Holdeth this for treuthe. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 275 Anoþer Socrates was of Grees, a greet philosofer and lawiere [Higden orator]. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483) iii. iv. 53 Ye aduocates ye laweours and maynteners of wrong. 1543Grafton Contn. Harding, Hen. VII 584 He had of his counsaill..Syr Charles Booth a lawer, then byshop of Herforde. 1556Lauder Tractate 427 Sum Solistars, now thir dayis, Vincusis Laweris in thare cause. 1592Greene Upst. Courtier E, Then the lawier was a simple man, and in the highest degree was but a bare scriuener. 1611Bible Matt. xxii. 35 Then one of them, which was a Lawyer, asked him a question. 1637Nabbes Microcosm. v. G i b, Bless me! who's this? one of the divells she lawyers? 1688Shadwell Sqr. Alsatia ii. i. Wks. 1720 IV. 44 A modest learned Lawyer, of little Practice, for want of Impudence. 1712Steele Spect. No. 480 ⁋7, I am now clerk to a lawier. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. 32 A lawyer thus educated to the bar. 1780Cowper Report Adjudged Case 25 Then shifting his side, as a lawyer knows how. 1845Polson Law in Encycl. Metrop. II. 819/1 Text-books, written by eminent lawyers, have..an authority in Westminster Hall.
Proverb.1553T. Wilson Rhet. 20 b, The lawyer never dieth a begger. The lawyer can never want a livyng till the yearth want men.
b. In mod. versions of the N.T.: An expounder of the Mosaic law.
1526Tindale Luke x. 25 A Certayne Lawere [Gr. νοµικός, Vulg. legisperitus; Wyclif ‘a wise man of the lawe’] stode vp and tempted hym.
†c. Sc. ‘A professor of law’ (Jam.). ? Obs.
1567Buchanan Reform. St. Andros (S.T.S.) 14 The College of Diuinite. Personis. Ane Principal to be Reidar in Hebrew. Ane Lawer. Ibid. 15 The lawar sal reid dayly an hore in law. 1579Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) III. 180/2 That the lawer..of befoir in the new college sall [etc.].
†2.
a. A lawgiver.
b. A lawmaker. Obs.
1534More On the Passion Wks. 1294/1 Theyr olde lawyer Moises. 1638New Litany in Bk. Sc. Pasquils (1868) 53 From cobling acts of Parliament Against the Lawers intent.
3. dial. A long bramble. Also in New Zealand, etc., applied to certain creeping plants.
1857Reade Course True Love 52 We call these long briars lawyers. 1863Kingsley Water-Bab. 34 The lawyers tripped him up and tore his shins as if they had sharks' teeth. 1875Sussex Gloss., Lawyer, a long bramble full of thorns, so called because ‘when once they gets a holt an ye, ye doant easy get shut of 'em’. 1889H. H. Romilly Verandah in N. Guinea 56 Tearing the vines and lawyers with their teeth.
4. Penang lawyer: a kind of walking-stick, made from the stem of a dwarf palm (Licuala acutifolia, Griffith), a native of Penang and Singapore. In England often misapplied to the Malacca cane.
App. with jocular reference to the use of the weapon in settling disputes at Penang. It has been suggested that the name may be a corruption of Malay pinang líyar, wild areca, or pinang láyor fire-dried areca. The dwarf palm has prickly stalks, so that the notion may be the same as in sense 3 and in lawyer palm.
1828P. Cunningham N. S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 64 With a Penang lawyer hugged close under his right arm. 1894Conan Doyle S. Holmes 10 His stick, which was a Penang lawyer, weighted with lead.
5. Zool. The name given locally in America to
a. the Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus nigricollis);
b. the Burbot (Lota maculosa), and the Bowfin or Mudfish (Amia calva): cf. lake-lawyer (lake n.4 6).
c1850Hammond Wild Northern Scenes 45 (Bartlett), ‘What on earth is that?’ said I to the fisherman. ‘That’, said he, ‘is a species of ling; which we call in these parts a lawyer’. 1859Bartlett Dict. Amer., Lawyer..the black-necked Stilt... On the New Jersey coast it is some⁓times called lawyer on account of its ‘long bill’. 1884Riverside Nat. Hist. (1888) III. 97 Amia calva, the bow⁓fin,..or lawyer.
6. attrib. and Comb., as lawyer-craft, lawyer-life; lawyer-made, lawyer-ridden adjs.; lawyer-like adj. and adv.; lawyer cane, -palm, -vine Austral., names for Rubus australis, Calamus australis, and Flagellaria indica, the stems of which are armed with sharp thorns.
1908E. J. Banfield Confessions of Beachcomber i. vi. 209 The *lawyer cane or vine (Calamus)..is a vegetable of tortuous ambitions. 1936Geogr. Jrnl. LXXXVII. 229 They wore a band..made out of lawyer cane, around their middles as a protection against arrows. 1965Austral. Encycl. V. 266/2 Lawyer Cane or Lawyer Vine, a name popularly if impolitely given to species of the rattan genus Calamus..and to Flagellaria indica.
1827Bentham Ration. Evid. Wks. 1843 VI. 351 The punishment of death..(so long as *lawyercraft reigns) will ever continue to be a favourite policy with the English lawyer.
1861W. F. Collier Hist. Eng. Lit. 481 Pictures of middle-class *lawyer-life.
1575Brieff Disc. Troub. Franckford 208 The *lawierlike hearinge off suites that appertaine to liuinges. 1637Documents agst. Prynne (Camden) 83 That it was not possible Mr. Burton should drawe his aunsweare to Mr. Attornyes soe lawyerlike as it was done without the helpe of some lawyer. 1876Fox Bourne Locke I. i. 6 Most of the entries are evidently in the elder Locke's own lawyer-like handwriting.
1860Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. III. cix. 27 The popular resistance in the present case is right, though the *lawyer-made law should be wrong.
1890C. Lumholtz Cannibals 103 The stem and leaves are studded with the sharpest thorns, which continually cling to you and draw blood, hence its not very polite name of *lawyer-palm.
1824Mill in Westm. Rev. II. 376 Our lawyers, and *lawyer-ridden legislators. 1907Daily Chron. 29 Apr. 6/6 Land reform had been too long delayed, because they had been too frightened and lawyer-ridden.
1892G. Parker Round Compass Austral. xiv. 256 Don't touch that *lawyer-vine; it will tear you properly, and then not let you go. 1908,1965[see lawyer cane above].
Hence ˈlawyeress, the wife of a lawyer; a female lawyer. ˈlawyering vbl. n. colloq., the following of the lawyer's profession; similarly ˈlawyering ppl. a. ˈlawyerling, a contemptuous term for a lawyer; also, a young lawyer, a law-student; also attrib. ˈlawyerly a., lawyer-like. ˈlawyership, the condition or dignity of a lawyer. † ˈlawyery, lawyers as a class.
1649Milton Eikon. v. 45 To which..Law-tractats I referr the more Lawyerlie mooting of this point. 1676Wycherley Pl. Dealer iv. 1, I have taken my leave of lawyering and pettifogging. 1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. II. To Rdr. 26 Our Magnificent Nobility,..our Munificent Lawyery, or our Wealthy Gentry. 1830D. O'Connell in Ann. Reg., Chron. 176/2 A wretched English scribe..urged on by his paltry, pitiful lawyerlings... The English Major-general and his lawyerling staff. 1835Greville Mem. Geo. IV (1875) III. xxviii. 278 Dined yesterday with the Vice-Chancellor; sixteen people..almost all lawyers and lawyeresses. 1861Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne i, ‘Egad! lawyering can't be such bad work, Carlyle’. ‘Nor is it..But you must remember that a good fortune was left me by my uncle..’. ‘I know. The proceeds of lawyering also’. 1862Mayhew Prisons of London 72 A chapel-like edifice called the ‘hall’..where the lawyerlings ‘qualify’ for the bar. 1871Carlyle in Mrs. Carlyle's Lett. II. 374 W.H., the now lawyering, parliamenteering, &c.; loud man. 1881Masson Carlyle in Macm. Mag. XLV. 64 The Edinburgh..of Jeffrey in the early heyday of his lawyership and editorship of the Edinburgh Review. 1896Columbus Dispatch (Ohio) 11 Jan. 4/4 Miss Nellie G. Robison, the Cincinnati lawyeress.
Add:[6.] lawyer's wig = shaggy ink-cap s.v. shaggy a. 3.
?1950 Wakefield & Dennis Common Brit. Fungi 205 Coprinus comatus. Shaggy Caps or *Lawyer's wig. 1972Times 23 Sept. 14/7 Some fungi, like the ‘Lawyers' Wigs’..sprout in their hundreds from roadside verges. 1987M. Bon Mushrooms & Toadstools Brit. & N.-W. Europe 270 Lawyer's wig,..a good edible fungus in the young state when quite white.
▪ II. lawyer, v.
Brit. |ˈlɔɪə|, |ˈlɔːjə|, U.S. |ˈlɔɪər|, |ˈlɔjər|, |ˈlɑjər|
[‹ lawyer n.]
1. trans. To subject to a lawyer's treatment or review.
1797S. J. Pratt Family Secrets V. ii. 8 The Lord talked pretty much about swords and guns. Master Nicky Dabble..seemed to think that lawyering him a little would be best. 1833‘Irishman’ Cry to Ireland & Empire 174 People may be too much lawyered, too much doctored, and too much pastored too. 1882Washington Post (Electronic text) 13 June They have been ‘lawyered and attorney-generaled to death’. 1976Times-Standard (Eureka, Calif.) 7 Aug. 4/5 These plans all had to be lawyered. 2006Yorks. Post (Nexis) 27 Feb. With all of the central characters still alive,..he admits that his script had to be ‘lawyered to the hilt’.
2. intr. orig. U.S. Police slang. to lawyer up: to request a lawyer when being questioned by the police, often implying a probable lack of cooperation with the investigation; (also more generally) to hire a lawyer.
1995N.Y. Times 23 Feb. c18/1 What really spooks the..detectives on ‘N.Y.P.D. Blue’ is the prospect of a suspect ‘lawyering up’. 1999J. Farrow City of Ice vi. 109 Kaplonski gave up zilch... He lawyered up and the Great Wall of Silence came down. 2006Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 17 Mar. i. 2/3 Kelso was given an ultimatum: Resign or be fired. So Kelso lawyered up. |