| 释义 |
▪ I. leman arch.|ˈlɛmən, ˈliːmən|
Forms: 3 lef-, leof-, leove-, levemon, 3–7 lemman, -on, 3–4 lefman (pl. -men), 4–5 lemmone, 4–8 lemmane, 5 lemanne, lemone, lemmande, limman, 5–6 lemane, 5–7 lemon, 6 leymon, lemonde, lefe man (pl. -men), Sc. lamen, 7 leyman, leiman, leaman, lemain, 3– leman.
[Early ME. leofmon, f. leof lief, dear + man.]
1. A person beloved by one of the opposite sex; a lover or sweetheart; † occas. a husband or wife.
c1205Lay. 18611 To Tintaieol he sende his leofmon [c 1275 wif] þa wes hende. c1250Gen. & Ex. 782 Ðo sente he after abram, And bi-taȝte he him is leman. a1300Floriz & Bl. 53 Þo floriz iherde his lemman nempne. a1300Cursor M. 4345 ‘Ioseph,’ sco said, ‘to þe lemman, Hendest of all i mak mi man.’ c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxiv. (Alexis) 494 My blyse, my beld, my lef-man dere. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 320 Now deere lemman quod she go fareweel. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. clxxxviii. 166 Maydens of englond sare may ye morne for tyȝt haue ye lost your lemmans at bannokesborne. 1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 198 Ane sang, The schip salis ouer the salt fame, Wil bring thir merchandis and my lemane hame. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (1858) I. 106 And ilk ȝoung man in courtlie caroling With his lamen thairfoir to dance and sing. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. viii. 40 He..offred kingdoms unto her in vew, To be his Leman and his Lady trew. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. iii. 26, I sent thee sixe pence for thy Lemon, hadst it? 1725Song, ‘The Cock-laird’ i, Thou'-se be my ain lemmane Jo, Jennie, quo' he. 1739W. Melmoth Fitzosb. Lett. (1763) 291 The tender parley which these lemans held.
†b. Often used, in religious or devotional language, of Christ, the Virgin, etc. Obs.
a1225Juliana 17 Mi luue..towart te liuiende godd mi leofsume leofmon. c1230Hali Meid. 5 Godes spuse, Jeshu cristes brude, þe lauerdes leofmon. a1300Cursor M. 10664 To godd þan haue i giuen me..O þair husband mai i haf nan, Of him haf i made mi leman. Ibid. 20517 Cums wit me to mi lemman, Mi moder es scho, hir sun i am. a1310in Wright Lyric P. 69 Ihesu, mi lemman. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 805 In Iherusalem was my lemman slayn. c1460Towneley Myst. x. 65 Hayls that madyn, my lemman, As heyndly as thou can. Ibid. xxviii. 337 Mercy, ihesu, rew thi leman, mans saull, thou bought full soure.
2. In bad sense (cf. paramour): One who is loved unlawfully; an unlawful lover or mistress. In later archaistic use chiefly applied to the female sex.
c1275Lay. 6356 Þeos Damus..hadde a lemman hende [c 1205 ane chiuese]. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7069 He..huld ire as is lefmon, as wo seiþ in hordum. Ibid. 10206 Alle clerkene lefmen in prisoun the king brouȝte. c1340Cursor M. 8887 (Trin.) Quenes had he hundrides seuen, þre hundride lemmons [Cotton concubins]. c1386Chaucer Manciple's T. 100 His wyf anon hath for hir lemman sent Hir lemman? certes this is a knauyssh speche. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 188 And prestes hue menteyneþ To holde lemmanes and lotebyes al here lif-dayes. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 10 On a derke night, as she yede towardes her lemman to foly. c1470Henry Wallace v. 693 With my gud will I wyll no lemman be To no man born. 1515Nottingham Rec. III. 343 We present Wyllyam Perkynsun and hys leymon for bawdre. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. 28 b, They founde greater gaines by priestes lemmans then they were like to haue by priestes wives. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus' Ann. iv. i. (1622) 90 He [Sejanus] putteth away Apicata his wife..lest his lemmon should haue her in iealousie. 1650Bulwer Anthropomet. 237 It is a bravery much used to their Wives and Lemons. 1671H. M. tr. Erasm. Colloq. 22 It may be his wife ith' mean time had got her self another Lemon and therefore she acknowledged not her husband. 1794T. J. Mathias Purs. Lit. 187 And Rochester's address to lemans loose. 1812Byron Ch. Har. i. ix, Yea! none did love him—not his lemans dear. 1833H. Coleridge Poems I. 50 Hope Love's leman is, Despair his wife. 1871Dixon Tower IV. v. 45 A lover whom his lemans dupe and cheat.
Hence ˈlemanless a., without a leman. ˈlemanry (in 6 Sc. lamenry, -ie), illicit love.
1483Cath. Angl. 213 A Lemanry, concubitus, concubinatus. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus iii. 481 Gif siclik lufe cummis of ȝour Lamenrie. 15..Priests of Peblis (1603) C 4 b, He beddit nocht richt oft, nor lay hir by, Bot throw lichtnes did lig in Lamenry. a1755Edom of Gordon xxviii. in Child Ballads III. 434 And mony were the fair ladys Lay lemanles at heme. a1828Twa Knights iv. ibid. V. 25 Lay never your love on lemanry. a1830Lady Margery xxiii. ibid. III. 119/2 I'll make many lady lemanless.
▪ II. leman
obs. form of lemon n.1 |