| 释义 |
▪ I. angular, a.|ˈæŋgjʊlə(r)|
[ad. L. angulār-is, f. angul-us: see angle and -ar. Cf. Fr. angulaire.]
1. a. Having an angle or angles, sharp-cornered.
1598Florio, Triangolare, three angular, hauing three corners, three cornered. a1631Donne Poems (1650) 240 Enormous greatnesses, which are So disproportion'd and so angulare. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 55 Hairs..are none of them Cylindrical, but angular and corner'd. 1756Burke Subl. & B. Wks. I. 238 Perfectly beautiful bodies are not composed of angular parts. 1857Henfrey Elem. Bot. §58 A stem is..angular when the section is polygonal. 1878Green Coal ii. 55 Nearly all the grains of quartz are angular.
b. Of writing: having the turns angled instead of rounded, as in German handwriting.
1863Burton Bk. Hunter 41 His handwriting was clear, angular, and unimpassioned.
2. Of or pertaining to an angle:
a. Constituting an angle, sharp corner, or apex; also fig.
1597J. King Jonah xxiii. (1864) 145 The night which followed the sabbath of the Jews was the angular night..for both it belonged to the Sabbath preceding, and must be ascribed again unto the Christian Sabbath. 1675Ogilby Brit. Introd., The next Angular Point being at Ivy Bridg. 1699Newton Opticks (J.), The angular point where the edges of the knives meet. 1831Brewster Optics xi. 98 At the angular termination of bodies these fringes widen. 1835–6Supra-angular [see supra- 1 b]. 1836W. Buckland Geol. & Min. I. xiv. 176 Head of the Crocodile. In the lower jaw, u, marks the dental bone; v, the angular bone; x, superangular. 1855Owen Skel. & Teeth 18 In the cod there is a small separate bone, below the joint of the articular, forming an angle there, and called the ‘angular piece.’ 1866R. Owen Anat. Vertebrates I. ii. 141 The mandibular arch..the ‘articular’ piece; that beneath it, which develops the angle of the jaw, when this projects, is the ‘angular’ piece; the piece above..is the ‘surangular’.
b. Placed in or at an angle.
1842E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. 336 The frontal is continued downwards by the side of the root of the nose, under the name of the angular vein. 1874Boutell Arms & Arm. v. 78 The space between the angular bands. 1880Syd. Soc. Lex., Angular artery..The terminal branch of the facial artery.
c. Measured by angle.
1674Pelly Disc. bef. R. Soc. 129, I call..the motion of the Biasses..the Angular or Curve Motion. 1785Reid Intell. Powers 159 Astronomers call it angular distance. 1796Hutton Math. Dict. I. 116/2 Angular Motion, is the motion of a body which moves circularly about a point. Thus, a pendulum has an angular motion about its centre of motion; and the planets have an angular motion about the sun. 1819Playfair Nat. Phil. (ed. 3) I. 67 The angular velocity with which the bodies will begin to revolve. 1835M. Somerville Connex. Physical Sciences (ed. 2) 455 The angular velocity of the earth is at the rate of 180° in twelve hours. 1837[see distance n. 5 e]. 1858Sutton & Worden Dict. Photogr. 21 The angular aperture of a lens is the angle which its diameter subtends at its principal focus. 1867J. Hogg Microsc. i. ii. 41 Having an angular aperture of 60°. 1870[see momentum 4]. 1873J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons in Astr. viii. 292 The mean angular diameter of the Moon is 31′ 8{pp}·8. Ibid., Knowing the real and also the apparent angular diameter, we can at once determine the distance. 1880Gray Bot. Text.-bk. 396 The angular divergence, or distance of the axis of the first leaf from the second. 1883Encycl. Brit. XV. 692/1 The angular accelerations about these axes are equal at that instant. 1885Rankine & Millar Man. Appl. Mech. (ed. 11) v. ii. 505 Angular momenta are compounded and resolved like forces, each angular momentum being represented by a line whose length is proportional to the magnitude of the angular momentum. 1895P. G. Tait Dynamics 254 Thus the linear acceleration of each of the masses is equal to a times the angular acceleration of the pulley. 1921Discovery Sept. 237/1 Professor Eddington..made an estimate of the probable angular diameters of some of the brighter stars. 1929Ratcliffe Physical Princ. Wireless i. 3 The angular frequency will often be referred to as the frequency of the oscillation. 1940Chambers's Techn. Dict. 35/2 Angular aperture, the ratio of the working diameter to the focal-length of a lens, i.e. reciprocal of the f-number. Ibid., Angular frequency, the frequency of a steady recurring phenomenon expressed in radians per second. Ibid. 554/1 Angular momentum is the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity of a body. 1949W. E. Siri Isotopic Tracers & Nucl. Radiations i. 12 In any nuclear reaction, spin and angular momentum must be conserved as well as mass and energy. Ibid. xiii. 375 The angular distribution of beta particles from a point source of small mass is isotopic. 1952Sci. News XXIII. 41 Many nuclei behave as though they have angular momentum—that is to say, part of the system is either spinning on its own axis or revolving around the centre in an orbit, or both.
3. Of personal appearance: having the joints and bony protuberances prominent, through deficiency of roundness and plumpness in the fleshy parts. Of action: Moving the limbs in angles, jerky, abrupt, ungraceful, awkward.
1850Blackie æschylus I. Pref. 45 Their movements were slow, their gesticulations abrupt and angular. 1858Holmes Aut. Breakf. T., The angular female in black bombazine. 1880McCarthy Own Time IV. I. 61 His gestures were angular and ungraceful.
4. Of character: stiff and formal; hard and wanting suavity; crotchety and deficient in savoir faire; unaccommodating; cantankerous.
1840Hawthorne Biog. Sk. (1879) 180 Here follow many bows and a deal of angular politeness on both sides. 1851Ryland Neander's Planting of Chr. II. 204 Rugged and angular natures. 1870Dickens E. Drood 62 As a particularly angular man, I do not fit smoothly into the social circle.
5. Astrol. Of an ‘angle’: see angle n.2 7.
1643Milton Divorce i. x. (1847) 133/2 The supernal influence of schemes and angular aspects.
6. -angular, -angled, as in acutangular, etc.
Add:7. Special collocations: angular crab, a crab, Goneplax rhomboides, of the sublittoral zone with sharply angled chelae and a reddish-brown rectangular shell.
1844T. Bell Hist. Brit. Stalk-Eyed Crustacea 130 *Angular Crab. Gonoplax angulata. 1928Russell & Yonge Seas iii. 67 The angular crab (Gonoplax), which has a reddish-brown rectangular shell and eyes on the end of movable stalks. 1988E. Wood et al. Sea Life Brit. & Ireland 147 (caption) The angular crab Goneplax rhomboides uses its chelae to pick up and move the mud as it excavates its burrow.
angular leaf spot, (a) = black arm s.v. black a. 19; (b) an infectious disease of cucumber caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas lachrymans, characterized by translucent, angular spots on the leaves.
1907W. A. Orton in U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 302. 41 There is a bacterial disease of cotton (Bacterium malvacearum)..producing various symptoms and receiving various names, such as *angular leaf-spot, black-arm, boll-spot, etc. 1915Jrnl. Agric. Res. V. 465 The angular leaf-spot of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) has been known in the field for many years. 1933Ann. Appl. Biol. XX. 404 The experiment..was designed to test the possibility of investigating the incidence and spread of the angular leaf-spot disease of cotton. 1953F. T. Brooks Plant Dis. (ed. 2) iv. 60 Angular Leaf Spot is sometimes a serious disease of outdoor and indoor cucumbers in the United States. 1984Roberts & Boothroyd Fund. Plant Path. (ed. 2) xxiv. 295 Angular leafspot..occurs in cotton throughout the world.
▪ II. angular, angulare, n. Zool.|ˈæŋgjʊlə(r), æŋgjʊˈlɑːriː|
[ad. mod.L. angulāre, neut. of angulāris adj. (see angular a.).]
In some vertebrates, the angular bone of the lower jaw.
1846R. Owen Lect. Comp. Anat. Vertebrate Animals v. 113 It sends upwards a pointed coronoid process to which..the masticatory muscles are attached; one short square plate downwards, to join with the angular. 1896[see supra- 1 b]. 1905D. S. Jordan Study Fishes xxxiv. 606 Each half of the lower jaw consists of..the articular, angular, dentary, and splenial (coronoid). Most of these bones are armed with teeth. 1928G. R. de Beer Vertebrate Zool. v. 71 The quadrate articulates with a bone of the lower jaw called the articular... The ventro-posterior part of the lower jaw is formed by the angular. Ibid. xx. 298 The angular becomes converted into the tympanic bulla..and the supra-angular is represented by the processus Folii. |