| 释义 |
▪ I. leonine, n.2
see leonine a.2
▪ II. leonine, a.1|ˈliːənaɪn, -nɪn|
[a. L. leōnīn-us, f. leōn- lion. Cf. F. léonin.]
1. a. Resembling a lion or that of a lion; lion-like.
c1386Chaucer Monk's T. 656 So was he ful of leonyn corage. c1430Lydg. Reas. & Sens. (E.E.T.S.) 168/6422 They ben of wisdam Serpentyne And of force leonyne. 1631R. Brathwait Eng. Gentlew. (1641) 338 Neere resemblance had Leëna's name with her Leonine nature. 1660Gauden Serm. Funeral Dr. Brounrig Q vj b, And bring them from that which in their Physiognomy is..leonine (for so we read some men had lionly looks). 1822Wordsw. Eccl. Sonn., i. Rich. I, Redoubted King, of courage leonine, I mark thee, Richard! 1851Carlyle Sterling iii. v. (1872) 208 Great sensibility..which he had an over-tendency to express even by tears,—a singular sight in so leonine a man. 1869Dixon Tower I. iii. 30 In her youth she had none of that leonine beauty of her later years. 1887–9T. A. Trollope What I remember II. xiv. 245 Landor..was a man of somewhat leonine aspect.
b. leonine monkey: the Macacus leoninus (Cent. Dict.). leonine seal: ? the sea-lion.
1802Bingley Anim. Biog. I. 185 Leonine Seals are found in great numbers on the eastern shores of Kamtschatka... The Leonine Seal has the head and eyes large..and along the neck of the male there is a mane of stiff curled hair.
c. Designating that form of leprosy called leontiasis, and the lion-like facies characteristic of it.
The allusion to the resemblance to the lion's face can be traced back to the ancient Arab physicians.
[1749J. Barrow Dictionarium Medicum Universale, Leontiasis, Leontion, or Leonina lepra, a name for Elephantiasis, or leprosy.] 1813T. Bateman Pract. Synopsis Cutaneous Dis. 295 Haly Abbas says the countenance was called leonine, because the white of the eyes becomes livid, and the eyes of a round figure; and Avicenna observes that the epithet was applied to the disease, because it renders the countenance terrible to look at, and somewhat of the form of the lion's visage. 1867Rep. Leprosy (R. Coll. Physicians) 242 The prominent blotches on the forehead gave a sombre character to his countenance; not as yet approaching the leonine expression of tubercular elephantiasis. 1899T. L. Stedman 20th Cent. Pract. XVIII. 623 The lower part of the frontal skin is drawn downwards and conceals the eyes, as in mad persons and lions. This is why the affection is also called leonine. 1959R. G. Cochrane Leprosy in Theory & Pract. 367 The ‘leonine’ appearance in Hansen's disease is..attributable to the nodular leprosy. 1970G. J. Hill Leprosy in Five Young Men 65 Patient 5 was a large dark-skinned man with moderately severe leonine facies.
2. Of or relating to a lion.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xlviii. 91 And first the Lyone..With visage bawld, and curage leonyne. 1755Johnson, Leonine, belonging to a lion; having the nature of a lion. Ibid., Tiger, a fierce beast of the leonine kind. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. III. xxv. 59 As is the piper's art to the pipe..so is the soul of the lion to the body leonine. 1861Geikie & Wilson E. Forbes ix. 248 They styled them⁓selves ‘Red Lions’, and, in proof of their leonine relationship, made it a point of always signifying their approval or dissent by growls and roars.
3. Roman Law. leonine convention or leonine partnership [L. leonina societas] (see quot.).
Cf. Sp. contrato leonino, in S. America a contract in which the advantage is, in the judgement of the Court, manifestly and unfairly one-sided; such a contract may be held void.
1875Poste Gaius iii. Comm. (ed. 2) 426 Aristo records the decision of Cassius that a partnership on the terms that one should take all the profits and another bear all the loss, which he calls a leonine partnership, is not binding.
4. Comb.: leonine-coloured adj.
a1697Aubrey Lives, S. Butler (1898) I. 138 He was of a leonine-coloured haire, middle-sized, strong.
Hence ˈleoninely adv., in the manner of a lion.
1751J. Harris Hermes i. xi. (1765) 209 Adverbs may be derived..from Substantives, as from λέων, a Lion, λεοντωδῶς, Leoninely.
▪ III. leonine, a.2 and n.2|ˈliːənaɪn, -nɪn|
[ad. L. lēonīn-us, f. Leōn-, Leo proper name: see -ine.]
A. adj.
1. Pertaining to one of the popes named Leo. Leonine City [mod.L. Civitas Leonina], that part of Rome in which the Vatican stands, which was walled and fortified by Leo IV (c 850).
1870N. & Q. Ser. iv. VI. 294/1 In describing the present course of events in Italy, constant mention is made by the papers of the ‘Leonine City’. 1892Daily News 16 Dec. 5/2 The Pope's plea for jurisdiction over the Leonine City.
2. leonine verse: a kind of Latin verse much used in the Middle Ages, consisting of hexameters or alternate hexameters and pentameters, in which the final word rimes with that immediately preceding the cæsural pause. So leonine poet, leonine rime.[Prob. named from some mediæval poet called Leo (or Leonius) who made use of this kind of versification: for conjectures as to his identity see Du Cange.] 1658W. Burton Itin. Anton. 61 These rimedoggrill verses, not Leonine, as I think they are usually called. a1771Gray Corr. (1843) 276 If the date of this poem be true, the general opinion, that the Leonine verse owes its name to Leonius, seems to be false. 1837–9Hallam Hist. Lit. (1847) I. i. §87. 77 Those who attempted to write verse have lost all prosody and relapse into Leonine rhymes. 1845Encycl. Metrop. XXI. 385/1 Sir A. Croke has given examples from more than fifty Leonine poets from the IIId to the XVth centuries. 1862H. B. Wheatley Anagrams 15 Leonine verses were invented, according to Camden, in the reign of Charlemagne.
B. n. pl. Leonine verse.
1846Wright Ess. Mid. Ages I. v. 186 Its author has mixed leonines with his elegiacs. 1861Sat. Rev. 21 Sept. 306 The Speculum is not..written either in classical metre or in leonines. |