| 释义 |
▪ I. yaw, n.1 Naut., Aeronaut., and Astronaut.|jɔː|
Also 7 yawe, yogh.
[Related to yaw v.1]
a. An act of yawing; a movement of deviation from the direct course, as from bad steering; angular motion or displacement about a yawing axis.
1546Gardiner Declar. Joye 91 Lyke a shyppe without anker holde or rother, ye wander as the variable wynde tosseth you, and so make yawes in and oute, without any right course. 1565Sir J. Hawkins 2nd Voy. W. Ind. (Hakl. Soc.) 9 To make three yawes, and strike the Myson three times. 1667(Nov. 5) Admiralty Crt. Exam. 77, Made a yogh. 1697Lond. Gaz. No. 3315/1, I crouded Sail to Leeward to him,..making a little Yaw sometimes to shew my French Ensign. 1725H. de Saumarez in Phil. Trans. XXXIII. 425 It cannot be expected but that a Ship before the Wind will deviate from her true Course, sometimes one Way, sometimes another, in her Yaws and Sheers. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §254 note, The boat took a sudden yaw or sheer, which canted me overboard. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxxiii, Another wide yaw and a come-to snapped the guys. 1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. iii. (ed. 2) 59 If under steam, a slight yaw with the helm will serve to show the direction you intend to take. 1916G. C. Loening Military Aeroplanes xii. 166 Struts of large fineness ratio..present considerable side surface and affect the directional center, at different angles of yaw. 1935[see pitch n.2 2 b]. 1950Engineering 3 Mar. 255/2 The Desynn type of transmitter and indicator..is used to transmit to the recording apparatus such variables as control forces, angle of yaw, pressures, etc. [in a prototype aircraft]. 1974Physics Bull. Jan. 11/1 The six component wind tunnel balance..will be able to measure three forces (lift, drag and side force) and three moments (pitch, yaw and roll) on any aircraft model it supports. 1977Offshore Engineer May 44/3 During these tests, the data acquisition system recorded..pitch, roll, heave, surge, sway and yaw of the lay barge, pull and length of mooring cables, and anchor positions. 1978R. Jansson News Caper 7 The Captain manoeuvred the big jet back to stability, damping out yaw and roll.
b. transf. and fig.: cf. yaw v.1 2.
1597J. Payne Royal Exch. 34 Now and then we make yawes agaynste our wills. 1634Massinger Very Woman iii. v, 'Tis strong, strong Wine: O the yaws that she'll make! 1870Reade Put yourself in his Place III. 163 Putting her left hand to his breast, she gave a great yaw, and then a forward rush with her mighty loins. 1885Stevenson Prince Otto i. iv, He gave a beery yaw in the saddle.
c. Comb. yaw axis = yawing axis s.v. yawing vbl. n.; yaw-sighted a. (Naut. slang), cross-eyed, squinting.
1751Smollett Per. Pic. (1779) I. vi. 45 A yaw-sighted bitch. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 1959F. D. Adams Aeronaut. Dict. 184/1 Yaw axis. 1962F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronaut. ix. 368 Any vehicle motion will take place about three axes... These axes are the yaw axis, the pitch axis, and the roll axis. 1978Sci. Amer. Nov. 137/1 For the first time the machine included a pair of fixed vertical surfaces behind the wings to stabilize motion about the yaw axis.
▪ II. yaw, n.2
[Back-formation from yaws apprehended as a plural.]
Each of the excrescences or spots of eruption in yaws.
1744Med. Essays Soc. Edinb. V. ii. 793 Sometimes after all the other Yaws are fallen off..there remains one large Yaw, high knobbed, red and moist; this is commonly called the Master-yaw. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 732/2 Hairs at the seat of a yaw turn white. 1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xxvii. 427 The crust which caps and encloses an uninjured yaw is yellowish.
b. Used as attrib. form of yaws, as yaw matter, yaw taint, yaw tubercle; yaw-house, a hospital for persons affected with yaws; yaw-weed, a shrubby plant, Morinda Royoc (N.O. Cinchonaceæ), used in the West Indies as a remedy for yaws.
1679T. Trapham Disc. Health Jamaica 122 The..long Guinny Worms, arising from the Yaw teint found..in the Children..of the Blacks. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) III. 171 The revolting scene of a yaw-house. 1834Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) II. 433 note, The time that elapses between the inoculation with yaw matter and the first appearance of a yaw tubercle. 1864Grisebach Flora W. Ind. Isl. 789 Yaw-weed, Morinda Royoc.
▪ III. yaw, v.1
[Of obscure origin.
ON. jaga to move to and fro as a door on its hinges, has been compared.]
1. intr.
a. Naut. Of a vessel: To deviate temporarily from the straight course, as through faulty or unsteady steering; to turn to one side or from side to side in her course.
1586[see yawing vbl. n.]. 1612Dekker If it be not Good Wks. 1873 III. 293, I spie two Shippes yonder, that yaw too and agen. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) E ee 2, She had yawed to leeward. 1769St. James's Chron. 5–8 Aug. 4/2, I..see the Ship yaw as if there was not a Seaman aboard. 1830Marryat King's Own xiii, The frigate yawed-to with all her sails set. 1885J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 54 The barque yawed as far as the hawser would allow.
b. Aeronaut. and Astronaut. Of an aircraft or spacecraft: to rotate about a vertical axis, to undergo yawing.
1912Q. Rev. July 243 This disposition tends to offer an ever-increasing amount of surface sideways to the air when a turn is begun, thus accentuating the turn initiated by the rudder and causing the craft to yaw. 1935C. G. Burge Compl. Bk. Aviation 108 The forces on the two wing tips are neither steady nor equal, so that the aeroplane tends to roll and yaw. 1964[see pitch v.1 19 f]. 1979Daily Tel. 7 Apr. 3/2 It then yawed to the right, did a barrel roll like a light aircraft starting at an aerial show, and went into a nose-dive.
2. transf. and fig. To deviate, go out of course, go or move unsteadily. (Often with direct allusion to sense 1.)
1584R. Scot Discov. Witchcr. xii. vii. (1886) 183 The daie delaied by length of night which made both daie and night to yawe. 1604Shakes. Ham. v. ii. 120 (Qo. 2) To deuide him inuentorially, would dosie th' arithmaticke of memory, and yet but yaw neither in respect of his quick saile. 1834Marryat P. Simple xvi, I shot ahead, and yawed a little—caught a peep at her through her veil. 1896Pall Mall Mag. May 80 The rider yawed in his saddle as a boat..yaws on a cross-sea swell.
3. trans. To cause to yaw (lit. and fig.); to move (something) unsteadily from side to side.
1746W. Horsley Fool (1748) I. 201 The Ship of State was, as the Seamen phrase it, yawed to and fro. 1807E. S. Barrett Rising Sun xxxvii. III. 48 Owing to the unskilfulness of her pilots, she was so yawed about, that it was quite uncertain when she would be moored in a safe port. 1827Hood Sailor's Apol. for Bow-legs 41 [She] yaw'd her head about all sorts of ways. 1845Gosse Ocean iv. (1849) 168 The man at the wheel,..neglecting his helm, ‘yaws’ the ship about sadly. 1920Engineering 8 Oct. 462/2 It was found that the control was not reversed at large angles of incidence up to 20 deg. unless the model was yawed. 1960Welch & Denes Go Gliding i. 20 Moving the left foot forward yaws the glider's nose to the left. 1975L. J. Clancy Aerodynamics xvi. 525 The aircraft is yawed to starboard.
▪ IV. yaw, v.2 dial. (see Eng. Dial. Dict.).
[Of obscure origin.]
intr. To be wide open; to yawn.
1596Lodge Wits' Miseries 71 His browes bent, his hand shaking, his nostrils yawing. Ibid. 103 A fellow stretching himselfe at his window, yawing, and starting.
▪ V. yaw, adv.
[Used in representations of Ger. and Du. speech: cf. yah adv.]
Yes.
1667Davenant & Dryden Tempest i. i, Steph. Boy! Boy. Yaw, yaw, here Master. 1697Vanbrugh 2nd Pt. æsop ii. iii, æsop. Have you then a mind to a Wife, Sir? Beau. Yaw myn Heer. 1815Scott Guy M. xxxiv, [Dirk Hatteraick loq.] Wetter and donner! yaw—What do you take me for?
▪ VI. yaw, int.
An affected exclamation. Also as v. (cf. yaw-haw, yaw-yaw).
1797A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl (1813) III. 277 He will yaw a parcel of nonsense about jukes and lords. 1826F. Reynolds Life & Times II. 94 Yawning and muttering, ‘Reynolds is an humorist, not a wit—yaw! yaw! I am a wit!’
▪ VII. yaw
local form of hew v.
a1529Skelton Col. Cloute 1206 Ye prechers shall be yawde; And some shall be sawde. 1847Halliwell, Yaw,..to hew. West. |