| 释义 |
lithographic, a.|lɪθəʊˈgræfɪk|
[f. lithography + -ic. Cf. F. lithographique.]
1. a. Pertaining to, employed in or produced by lithography; engraved on or printed from stone. Cf. lithography 3.
1813in Archæol. Jrnl. (1894) Ser. ii. II. 117 Forty Lithographic impressions from drawings by Thomas Barker. 1816Singer Hist. Cards 158 note, This fac-simile..is curious as being a production of the newly invented Lithographic process. 1819Trans. Soc. Arts XXXVII. 131 A Lithographic Press, the invention of Mr. Alois Senefelder. 1827De Quincey Murder Wks. 1862 IV. 30 No better than..a lithographic print by the side of a fine Volpato. 1839Penny Cycl. XIV. 44/2 The two principal agents used for making designs, writings, &c., on stone, are called lithographic chalk and lithographic ink. 1885List of Subscribers, Classified (United Telephone Co.) (ed. 6) 123 Lithographers and Lithographic Printers. 1892A. Powell Southward's Pract. Printing (ed. 4) i. 3 Lithographic printing is done with stones, zinc plates, &c. 1915Southward's Mod. Printing (ed. 3) II. xxxiii. 281 Rotary lithographic machines work from zinc or aluminium plates carried on a plate cylinder. 1970E. A. D. Hutchings Survey of Printing Processes v. 75 Lithographic plates are made from both zinc and aluminium. 1972P. Gaskell New Introd. Bibliogr. 269 Nineteenth-century lithography was a separate trade... Towards the end of the century, however, powered lithographic cylinder machines were developed which had a productivity comparable with that of the letterpress machinery of the period, and they were followed around 1900 by lithographic rotaries which ran at yet higher speeds. These new machines, used in conjunction with photographic transfer methods of plate preparation, pointed the way to the integration of lithographic with general letterpress printing which took place during the first half of the twentieth century. 1973Brit. Printer July 68/3 It was only with the increase in lithographic printing that photosetting began to ‘find its feet’.
b. lithographic limestone, lithographic slate, lithographic stone: a compact yellowish slaty limestone used in lithography. Hence the adj. is applied to rocks resembling this.
1836Buckland Geol. & Min. I. (1837) 406 The lithographic limestone of Solenhofen. 1839Ure Dict. Arts, etc. 777 The lithographic stones of the best quality are still procured from the quarry of Solenhofen. 1849Murchison Siluria iv. 79 Smoother than the finest lithographic stone. 1853Th. Ross Humboldt's Trav. III. xxix. 165 The chain of hills..which is reddish white, and almost of lithographic nature, like the Jura limestone of Pappenheim. 1876Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. xvii. 322 The lithographic limestones of Germany.
2. Descriptive of stones or rocks. rare.
1820Da Costa in Gentl. Mag. XC. i. 222 A Lithographic view of the several Counties in England.
3. Writing on stone. ? allusive nonce-use.
1862G. Wilson Relig. Chem. 32 The records.., which geology has written down with her lithographic pen.
4. lithographic offset = offset n. 10 b; lithographic paper, paper suitable for lithographic printing; lithographic varnish, a preparation of linseed oil used in inks for lithographic printing.
1915Southward's Mod. Printing (ed. 3) II. xxxiii. 282 *Lithographic Offset Printing. Offset printing is popularly supposed to have owed its introduction to a ‘miss’ made in printing on a lithographic cylinder machine. 1946H. Whetton Pract. Printing & Binding 446/1 Lithographic offset printing. 1960G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 239/2 Modern lithographic offset printing is mostly done in rotary presses.
1937E. J. Labarre Dict. Paper 167/1 Since the introduction of the offset printing process, however, all papers have become possible as ‘*lithographic’ papers. 1963R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking vii. 202 Lithographic papers..are similar to offset cartridge, but generally cheaper and in a lighter substance.
1903A. Seymour Pract. Lithogr. x. 52 The most useful and the commonest form of reducing medium is a linseed oil product, known in its prepared state as a *lithographic varnish. 1951R. Mayer Artist's Handbk. x. 312 Lithographic varnishes, from which many types of inks for other printing purposes are also made, are heat-bodied linseed oils. |