| 释义 |
loggerhead|ˈlɒgəhɛd|
Also 8 (sense 3) -heat.
[f. logger n.2 + head.]
1. a. A thick-headed or stupid person; a blockhead.
1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 204 Ah you whoreson logger⁓head, you were borne to doe me shame. 1595Enq. Tripe-wife (1881) 168 That shee should sweare..that she would neuer marrie with the Grocer he was such a logger-head. 1611Cotgr., Teste de boeuf, a ioulthead,..logerhead; one whose wit is as little as his head is great. 1708Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) II. 107 A pitifull, sneaking, whining Puritan, related to y⊇ Loggerhead at Lambeth. a1754Fielding Fathers v. iv, It is almost a pity to hinder these two loggerheads from falling foul of one another. 1790Malone Shaks. Wks., Twel. N. ii. iii. 17 note, The picture of we three. I believe Shakspeare had in his thoughts a common sign, in which two wooden heads are exhibited, with this inscription under it: ‘We three loggerheads be’. The spectator or reader is supposed to make the third. 1821Joseph the Book-Man 25 While loggerheads, most dignified, Are soon to wealth and rank allied. 1892West Cumbld. Times Christm. No. 4/1 (Cumbld. Gloss. 1899) Keep off them rods yeh gert loggerheeds.
b. A local coin or token (see quot. 1799).
1797Sporting Mag. X. 222 The dollars which now circulate through that part of the country [Wales] go by the name of Loggerheads. 1799J. Conder Provincial Coins 205 [Coins issued within the last 20 years] Loggerheads (White Metal). O[bverse]. A Cart under a Gallows, and three Men hanging, ‘The End of three Loggerheads’.
2. a. A head out of proportion to the body; a large or ‘thick’ head. Chiefly fig.; also in phr. to join, lay loggerheads together. (See also logger a.)
1598E. Guilpin Skial. (1878) 52 His body is so fallen away and leane, That scarce it can his logger-head sustaine. 1667Dryden Sir Martin Mar-all i. i, Now, could I break my own logger-head. 1706[E. Ward] Wooden World Diss. (1708) 15 These two often join Logger-heads together, and broach more pernicious Contrivances. 1754Richardson Grandison (1781) I. iv. 15 Let us retire, and lay our two loggerheads together. 1816Scott Antiq. xlii, I have been following you in fear of finding your idle loggerhead knocked against one rock or other.
b. (See quot.)
Known to be older than 1885.
1909A. C. Fox-Davies Compl. Guide Heraldry 193 The leopard's face... For some unfathomable reason these charges when they occur in the arms of Shrewsbury are usually referred to locally as ‘loggerheads’.
3. a. An iron instrument with a long handle and a ball or bulb at the end used, when heated in the fire, for melting pitch and for heating liquids.
1687in Strype Stow's Surv. Lond. (1720) II. v. xviii. 288/2 Not to suffer Pitch, Tar, Rozin, &c. to be heated on board by Fire, Loggerhead Shot, or any other thing. 1732Act 5 Geo. II, c. 20 §4 If any Master..shall..cause or permit to be heated or melted by Fire, Logger Heat, Shot..any Pitch, Tar, Rosin, Grease [etc.]. 1760Chron. in Ann. Reg. 158/2 We put hot logger heads in buckets of tar and pitch. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Logger-head, an iron for heating tar. 1860O. W. Holmes Elsie V. v, Three or four loggerheads (long irons clubbed at the end) were always lying in the fire in the cold season, waiting to be plunged into sputtering and foaming mugs of flip. 1900A. M. Earle Stage Coach & Tavern Days v. 108 Into this mixture [flip] was thrust and stirred a red-hot loggerhead, made of iron and shaped like a poker.
b. (See quot.)
1904Athenæum 27 Feb. 280/1 The inkstands..include many of the prototypes of the circular heavy inkstand, still used, and known to many under the old name of ‘loggerheads’.
4. a. ‘An upright rounded piece of wood, near the stern of a whale-boat, for catching a turn of the line to’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 1867). Also transf.
1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xiii. 30 The saddles..have large pommels or loggerheads in front, round which the ‘lasso’ is coiled when not in use. 1850Scoresby Cheever's Whalem. Adv. ix. (1859) 116 It passes..around a post called the loggerhead, firmly secured to the frame of the boat. 1898F. T. Bullen Cruise Cachalot 39, I looked for the rushing of the line round the loggerhead (a stout wooden post built into the boat aft).
b. (See quot.)
1836L. Hebert Engin. & Mech. Encycl. II. 702 The beam or loggerhead, for the purpose of transmitting the motion of the piston to the pumps in the mine.
5. ? = loggat.
1871G. R. Cutting Student Life Amherst Coll. 112 The game of ‘loggerheads’ has become obsolete, in this part of the country... A ‘loggerhead’ was a spherical mass of wood, with a long handle, and the game consisted of an attempt to hurl this towards a fixed stake, in such a manner as to leave it as near as possible.
6. As the popular name of various heavy-headed animals.
a. (Also loggerhead turtle, † loggerhead tortoise.) A species of turtle, Thalassochelys caretta.
1657R. Ligon Barbadoes (1673) 4 The Loggerhead Turtle. 1697W. Dampier Voy. (1729) I. 103 There are 4 sorts of sea turtle... The Loggerhead is so call'd, because it hath a great head. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) I. 30 On the 24th we caught a large loggerhead tortoise. a1845Hood Turtles vii, Poor loggerheads from far Ascension ferried! 1884Girl's Own Paper Feb. 227/1 A rarer kind [of tortoise-shell] is derived from the loggerhead turtle, a native of the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. 1895Royal Nat. Hist. V. 83 The third, and probably the largest species of turtle, is the loggerhead (Thalassochelys caretta), easily recognised by its enormous head. Ibid. 84 The Mexican loggerhead (T. kempi), from the Gulf of Mexico, differs in [etc.].
b. applied to (a) two species of tyrant-bird inhabiting Jamaica, Pitangus caudifasciatus and Myiarchus validus or crinitus; (b) a N. American shrike, Lanius ludovicianus or carolinensis; (c) a large duck of the Falkland Islands, Tachyeres or Micropterus cinereus, the Race-horse or Steamer-duck.
1657S. Purchas Pol. Flying-Ins. 128 In the Island of Barbadoes, and the adjacent Islands, are certain birds bigger than Sparrows, with a very great head, called by the English Logerheads and Counsellors. 1713Ray Syn. Avium 185 Sitta seu Picus cinereus major, capite nigro. A Loggerhead. 1725Sloane Jamaica II. 300 [Sitta, seu picus Ray] They..let Men come so near them that they knock them down with Sticks, whence they have the Name of Loggerheads. 1775Clayton Falkland Islands in Phil. Trans. LXVI. 104 Here is a species of ducks, called the loggerhead, from its large head. 1831A. Wilson & Bonaparte Amer. Ornith. II. 86 Lanius carolinensis, Wilson. Lanius ludovicianus, Linnæus.—Loggerhead Shrike. Ibid. 87 It is generally known by the name of the loggerhead. 1870Amer. Naturalist III. 159, I saw a Loggerhead attack a snake. 1906N.Y. Even. Post 8 Aug. 2 Charleston S.C. pet canaries are being killed by a bird that is known as the ‘loggerhead’. A loggerhead strikes at the canaries through the bars of the cage. 1939Forbush & May Nat. Hist. Birds Amer. 398 The Loggerhead is an indefatigable destroyer of grasshoppers, for which it seems ever on the watch.
c. dial. applied to various fishes, as the bullhead; also to the tadpole. (See Eng. Dial. Dict.)
1775Clayton in Phil. Trans. LXVI. 102 There are three or four species of the common loggerhead, or sculpa fish, common on the English coasts. 1880–4F. Day Brit. Fishes II. 179 Leuciscus cephalus... Large-headed dace; loggerhead.
d. dial. applied to various large moths.
1847Halliwell, Loggerhead, the large tiger moth. North. 1893in Northumbld. Gloss. 1894Hetton-le-Hole Gloss., Loggerhead, a clouded butterfly. Large moths are also sometimes called ‘loggerheads’. 1899Cumbld. Gloss., Logger-heed, any kind of moth. The Ghost Moth.
7. dial. A plant of the genus Centaurea.
1829J. L. Knapp Jrnl. Nat. 25 The crop consists almost entirely of the common field scabious (Scabiosa succisa), logger-heads (Centauria nigra) [etc.]. 1866Cockayne Leechdoms III. 315 Saxon Names Plants, Bolwes, loggerheads, centaurea nigra... Loggerheads is a name I have often heard in Oxfordshire.
8. pl. in various phrases. † to fall, get, go to loggerheads: to come to blows. to be at loggerheads: to be contending about differences of opinion; also, rarely, to come to loggerheads.[The use is of obscure origin; perh. the instrument described in 3, or something similar, may have been used as a weapon.] 1680Kirkman Eng. Rogue iv. i. 6 They frequently quarrell'd about their Sicilian wenches, and indeed..they seem..to be worth the going to Logger-heads for. 1681Trial of S. Colledge 49 So we went to loggerheads together, I think that was the word, or Fisty-cuffs. 1755Smollett Quix. (1803) I. 66 The others..went to loggerheads with Sancho, whom they soon overthrew. 1806Jefferson Writ. (1830) IV. 63 In order to destroy one member of the administration, the whole were to be set to loggerheads. 1831J. W. Croker in C. Papers 25 Jan., I hear from London that our successors are at loggerheads. 1887Frith Autobiog. I. xxiv. 347 The Lord Chancellor..and the Bishop came to loggerheads in the House of Lords. 1955Bull. Atomic Sci. Mar. 90/3 Uranium men and oil and gas producers had long been at loggerheads due to the fact these natural substances frequently occur on the same site, though at different horizons. 1955Times 19 May 4/2 The jury would not have much difficulty in getting rid of that suggestion, because those two were obviously at loggerheads. 1975J. Gardner Killer for Song i. 13 ‘James, it's good to see you.’ His expression was at loggerheads with the words.
9. attrib. or adj. = logger-headed.
1684Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) I. 301 For sayeing col. Sidney's jury were a loggerhead jury.
10. Comb.: loggerhead sponge, a West Indian sponge of inferior quality; ‘probably named from Loggerhead Key’ (Webster Suppl. 1902). |