| 释义 |
Yuan1
(jʊˈɑːn, ‖ yuˈɛn)
Also 7 Ivena, 8 Ywen, 8–9 Yuen; Yüan.
[a. Chinese yuán, lit. ‘first’.]
a. The name of the Mongol dynasty established as rulers of all China by Kublai Khan in 1279 and in power until 1368.
Kublai Khan named his kingdom Yuan in 1271, and the Yuan dynasty is often described as beginning in that year.
1673[see Sung n. a]. 1738tr. J. B. Du Halde's Descr. of Empire of China & Chinese Tartary I. 214 (heading) The twentieth dynasty, call'd Ywen, which contains nine emperors in the space of eighty nine years. 1788Gibbon Decl. & Fall VI. lxiv. 298 The annals of the Moguls or Yuen. 1836J. F. Davis Chinese I. v. 182 On the accession of Koblai Khan, the first of the Yuen dynasty,..an order was promulgated to burn all the books of the Taou sect. 1948D. Diringer Alphabet 355 This character..was only sparsely used but it lingered on at the imperial Chancery under the Yüan dynasty. 1966F. Schurmann Ideology & Organization in Communist China i. 53 The Yüan Mongols relied heavily on a traditional bureaucratic elite to rule the country. Many of these bureaucrats remained loyal to the Yüan after 1368. 1977N.Y. Rev. Bks. 26 May 22/1 The wreckers had found, during their work, the foundations of a gate of the Yuan era.
b. Used attrib. and absol. of the art and porcelain of the Yuan period.
1888F. Hirth Ancient Porc. 50 Pieces of a surface which bears no resemblance to any of the classical Sung or Yüan monochrome vessels..are very common. 1933[see Sung n. b]. 1969R. Quest Cerberus Murders iv. 30 Whistler and his circle went in for blue-and-white..but it was all late stuff... This is all Hsüan-tê or Yüan. 1978Nagel's Encycl.-Guide: China 199 In old Yuan opera, one actor alone, the hero of the play, had the privilege of singing certain parts of his role. |