| 释义 |
louvre|ˈluvə(r)|
Forms: 4 luver, 4–7 lover, (5 lewer, lovyre, lowere, luvere, 5–6 lovery, -ie, 6 lofer, lour, lovour), 6–9 loover, (7 loovar, loure, lower), 9 luffer, dial. luvver, 7–9 louvre, 7– louver. The form louvre is now usual in the U.K. and louver in the U.S.
[a. OF. lover, lovier, perh. an alteration (with euphonic v as in pouvoir power) of *loer:—med.L. *lōdārium cogn. w. the synonymous med.L. lodium (quot. c 1425). The ultimate etymology is obscure; some have compared the mod.Icel. hlóð pl., hearth, chimney-place. The form louvre arises from confusion with F. Louvre (see next).]
1. A domed turret-like erection on the roof of the hall or other apartment in a mediæval building with lateral openings for the passage of smoke or the admission of light. (Cf. lantern 4.)
1367–8Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 386 In sclatario operanti super aulam..pro luuers de novo factis. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxi. 288 Cheke we and cheyne we and eche chyne stoppe, Þat no light leope yn at louer ne at loupe. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 667/32 Hoc lodium, lowere. c1470Henryson Mor. Fab. iii. (Cock & Fox) xxvii, The cok ouer the feildis tuke his flicht, And in at the wedowis lewer couth he lycht. 1496Dives & Paup. (W. de W.) i. xliv. 85/2 Whan smoke medled with fyre cometh out of an house..by the louerys, men..wyll saye that that house shall go on fyre. 1544–5in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) II. 219 To a carpenter for makynge y⊇ lover in y⊇ hall vijs. 1575T. Cartwright 2nd Replie agst. Whitgift 621 To proue a bishop ouer the ministers off a diocese..is to set the fondacion vpon the louer. 1596Spenser F.Q. vi. x. 42 Ne lightned was with window, nor with louer. 1599Hall Sat. v. i. 119 Whose shrill saints-bell hangs on his louerie. 1599Marston Sco. Villanie ii. v. 197 He..Hath drawn false lights from pitch-black loueries. 1601Munday Death Earl Huntington L 3, For all the issue both of vent and light, Came from a loouer at the towers toppe. 1650W. Brough Sacr. Princ. (1659) 173 Fly to the windows of glory, mount to those louvers on high. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters III. 50 Every bath [has] a louvre or opening at top, to give a current to the air. 1849Freeman Archit. 251 note, A cloister runs round the lowest stage, crowned with a sort of square louvre. 1865Kingsley Herew. iv, The smoke went out through a louver in the roof.
†2. A similar erection serving as a dovecote. Obs.
1583MS. Bursary Acc. St. John's Coll. Oxon., Lofer. 1585Lupton Thous. Notable Th. (1675) 150 Hang a great glass in the top of the Lovour. 1605Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iii. i. Vocation 872 Pigeons..Stooping at this and that, that to their Louver..they hardly can recover. a1661Fuller Worthies, Northamptonsh. ii. (1662) 279 Pigeons..famished for want of food, as unable to fly..out at the Lover.
3. A hole in a roof for the passage of smoke; a chimney. Obs. exc. dial. (see E.D.D.).
1375–6Abingdon Abb. Acc. (1892) 30 In factura j louer pro cotagio juxta, vijd. 1519W. Horman Vulg. 140 Moche of the showre felle into the louer [L. impluvium]: but moche more into the barton.
transf.1609Heywood Brit. Troy vii. xii. 143 There is a steepe decliuy way lookes downe, Which to th' Infernall Kingdome Orpheus guides, Whose loouer, vapors breathes.
4. a. Chiefly pl. An arrangement of sloping boards, laths or slips of glass overlapping each other, so as to admit air, but exclude rain. Originally, such a contrivance as used to close the apertures of a ‘louvre’ (sense 1). Cf. louvre-board in 5. Also used for other purposes, e.g. to deflect air issuing from an opening or to prevent the direct passage of light through it. Used in sing. in same sense; also, an individual slat or strip of such an arrangement.
1555Eden Decades W. Ind. (Arb.) 376 The roofe of thynne boordes open in sundry places lyke vnto louers to lette in the ayer. 1833J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage, Farm & Villa Archit. 1128/2 Louvre, see Luffer-boards. 1854Ronalds & Richardson Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 300 The..louvres or shutters in the top are then opened, when the moist air is discharged, and a fresh supply admitted. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Luffer, a frame of laths to admit air or light; the wooden window in a church steeple. 1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 131 Glass louvres, which can be more or less closed. 1872Ellacombe Bells of Ch. iv. in Ch. Bells Devon etc. 249 The louvres of the windows should be so constructed as to let out the sound of the bells. 1884Walmisley Iron Roofs 14 Both roofs are crowned with lanterns fitted with side louvres for ventilation. 1920W. Neubecker Pract. Sheet Metal Duct Construction xiv. 155 (caption) Formation of movable louvre. Ibid., When movable louvres are used they are pivoted on rods. 1923Man. Seamanship (Admiralty) II. 282 An ideal system of ventilation for a small compartment. A small adjustable flap and louvre..is fitted in the supply trunk. 1933Moyer & Fittz Air Conditioning ix. 236 The two-point thermostat A is located near the fresh-air intake louver. 1957Economist 23 Nov. 710/1 Heat is distributed not only in conventional radiators but through louvres in the skirting board. 1966D. F. Galouye Lost Perception xvi. 169 He had managed to..check on the intake louvre... The simple removal of four screws would unfasten the grating and provide access to the ventilation duct. 1968Autocar 25 Jan. 30/2 The wheels splashed through puddles..and steam blew back from the bonnet louvres. 1972Sci. Amer. June 127/3 The temperature probes can be housed in a box that has louvers large enough to ensure the free circulation of air.
†b. transf.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 214 b, He putte abrode the louvres of the tente [L. tentorii vela] with a ruttocke that he had in his hande.
5. attrib. and Comb., as louvre door, louvre-hole, louvre-light, louvre screen, louvre slat, louvre slate, louvre-tower; louvre-roofed adj.; † louvre-bands = louvre-strings; louvre (luffer) boards (see 4); so louvre-boarding; louvre damper, a louvre the inclination of whose slats may be varied to regulate the flow of air through them; † louvre-strings, strings to open or close the louvres (see 4); louvre-ways, -wise adv. (see quot.).
1469–70in Fabric Rolls York Minster (Surtees 1859) 73 Diversis cordulis emptis pro les *loverbandes, 12d.
1448–9Abingdon Abb. Acc. (1892) 124 In ij *louerboordes emptis pro tenemento Henrici Baret. 1856F. E. Paget Owlet Owlst. 9 Even the luffer-boards protected by netting. 1895Edin. Rev. Apr. 355 Fitted with ‘luffer-boards’ that could be opened and shut like Venetian blinds.
1851Ord. & Regul. R. Engineers xix. 101 The Storekeeper..will determine..the nature of the Guard, whether of Wire or *Louvre Boarding.
1920W. Neubecker Pract. Sheet Metal Duct Construction xv. 160 (caption) *Louvre dampers for large size ducts.
1953N. W. Kay Mod. Building Encycl. 410/1 *Louvre door. 1967Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. iii. 5/7 (Advt.), Set up louver door.
1622Mabbe tr. Aleman's Guzman d'Alf. i. 16 If the Doue-house hold vp,..we shall lacke no Pigeons, as long as there is a *Louer-hole for the poore fooles to get in at. 1659Shirley Honoria & Mammon iii. iv. 48 Bid him..cap the Chimney, least my Lady fly Out at the Lover⁓hole.
1618Field Amends for Ladies i. (1639) B 4, If your Lady-ship be talking in the same roome with any Gentle⁓man, I can read on a booke,..looke up at the *loover light, heare and be deafe.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 400/1 A cornered tower or chamber, between 2 square turrets, all *loover roofed.
1948C. Isherwood in Penguin New Writing XXXIV. 127 Movable *louvre-screens take the place of port-holes.
1969Sears Catal. Spring/Summer 910 Louver slats fitted into 11/8-in. thick frame.
1842Ecclesiologist I. 10 Four-centered belfry windows..filled up to the top with *louvre slates.
1356–7Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 558 Et in ij fadom de *louerstringes empt. pro novo Solario.
1833Penny Cycl. XIV. 116/2 Handsome *Louvre tower.
c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 130 *Louver-wise or *louver-ways. To place battens on boards at a certain angle, so as to admit air but not wet.
Hence louvred ppl. a., (a) Arranged like louvres. (b) Provided with a louvre or louvres.
1846Young Naut. Dict., Loovered-boards or Loovered-battens, boards or battens framed like Venetian blinds, used for admitting air into a vessel's ports. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 130 The louvered or battened parts of ships' wells are fixed in this manner. 1881Daily News 12 Dec. 2/2 Glass roofing..surmounted by..‘louvred openings’, which secure ventilation while they serve to keep out the hot glare of a summer's day. 1891T. Hardy Tess (1900) 80/1 The louvred belfry. 1898F. W. Macey Specifications in Detail 264 Louvred doors are generally required for ventilation in various places. 1934H. M. Vernon Princ. Heating & Ventilation ix. 170 A fresh-air shaft may be necessary, with a louvered opening above the level of the building. 1950Engineering 7 Apr. 376/2 The long-distance transport of fruit and vegetables is being investigated..with special reference to the performance of a new type of louvred van. 1969Daily Tel. 14 Jan. 15/4 Wardrobes..are better with louvred doors. 1972Gloss. Electrotechnical, Power Terms (B.S.I.) iv. iii. 21 Louvered ceiling, luminaire system comprising a large installation of louvres above which are mounted the lamps.
▸ louvre blind n. a window blind consisting of louvre slats which may be rotated in order to vary the amount of light admitted; cf. Venetian blind n. at Venetian n. and adj. Compounds, vertical blind n. at vertical adj. and n. Additions.
1872Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 9/2 The boat shortly arrived with the ladies..only allowed to see out through the close *louvre blinds of the windows. 1918Times 14 May 3/5 The windows are fitted with ‘louvre’ blinds. 2002Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 2 Oct. 3 Why is there a louvre blind over the full-length mirror? |