| 释义 |
▪ I. revoke, n.|rɪˈvəʊk|
[f. the vb.]
1. Cards, esp. Whist. An act of revoking; a failure to follow suit when a proper card can be played.
1709Brit. Apollo No. 36. 2/1 If one side make a Revoke. 1742Hoyle Games 8 No Revoke to be claimed 'till the Trick is turned. 1821Lamb Elia Ser. i. Mrs. Battle's Opinions on Whist, She never made a revoke, nor ever passed it over in her adversary without exacting the utmost forfeiture. 1862‘Cavendish’ Whist (1879) 2 The penalty for a revoke takes precedence of all other scores. 1874H. Gibbs Ombre iv. 36 The other players have to show their hands, so that he may see that there has been no Revoke.
attrib.1810Splendid Follies III. 8 Spank flew another revoke card from the hand of Samuelina. 1862‘Cavendish’ Whist (1863) 13 If they mix their tricks, the revoke penalty can be scored against them.
2. Revocation, recall.
a1882Rossetti Soothsay xi, How callous seems beyond revoke The clock with its last listless stroke!
▪ II. revoke, v.|rɪˈvəʊk|
Forms: 4–7 reuoke (5 rewoke), 4– revoke (4 revokyn); 5 reuoque, 6 reuolk, Sc. rewolk, revoik, rewoik; 6–7 revock.
[ad. OF. revoquer (mod.F. révoquer, = Sp. and Pg. revocar, It. re-, rivocare), or L. revocāre, f. re- re- + vocāre to call.]
I. trans.
†1. To recall, bring back, to a (right) belief, way of life, etc. Also without const. Obs.
1382Wyclif Rom. Prol., Thes reuokith the apostle to the verrey and the gospels bileue. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. 2509 To reuoke to þe riȝte weye Swiche as wrongly fro trouþe do forveye. 1532More Confut. Barnes viii. Wks. 811/1 Reuoking them that erred, setting vp agayne those that were ouerthrowen. 1577F. de Lisle's Legendarie H iij, By this meanes may such be quailed and reuoked to their dueties. 1687Assurance of Abbey Lands 134 They had Conference, how the Kingdom of England might be revoked to the Unity of the Church.
†b. To recall, draw back or away, from some belief, practice, etc. (esp. a wrong or wicked one).
c1400Three Kings Cologne (1886) 122 In so mochel þat Preester Iohn and Patriark Thomas myȝt noȝt revoke þe pepil from her heresyes. c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. vii. 73 Þat he [the devil] mowe..reuoke þe fro praier & holy redyng. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 177 b, The woordes of Demaratus meaned to reuoke hym from ire and wrathe, to takyng better wayes. 1590Greene Neuer too Late Wks. (Grosart) VIII. 95 Hee was in loue..so deepely, that no perswasion might reuoke him from that alluring curtizan. 1603Sir C. Heydon Jud. Astrol. ii. 24 The Prophet euen here..reuoketh the Iewes from worshipping the heauenly bodies. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. i. xii. §3 (1622) 128 Visions, which God..sendeth him, to reuoke and deterre him from that his vngodlinesse.
absol.c1440Alph. Tales 464 When we synd, þou nowder reuokid with nowder gude wurde nor exsample.
†c. To induce (one) to desist or refrain from some purpose or action; to restrain or prevent from something. Also refl. Obs.
1491Caxton Vitas Patr. (W. de W. 1495) i. xxxvi. 33/1 All thyse thynges putt he in his mynde for to haue reuokyd hym from his good purpoos. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 546 By whose polycies, not without great dyffycultee, they were reuokyd frome theyr euyll purpose. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 36 You did..reuoke your selfe from continuing to the end, not unaduisedly. 1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 92 From foloing oure ships thee fluds hye reuockt hym. 1600Holland Livy x. xlii. 384 He could not be revoked from battaile, albeit there was some question..about the auspice. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 732 He..commanded them hard things, to reuoke them from their intention.
†d. Without const. To check, restrain. rare.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ii. 28 Yet she with pitthy words, and counsell sad, Still strove their stubborne rages to revoke. 1637R. Humfrey tr. S. Ambrose i. 46 Abigael by her..deprecation pacified and revoked David and his army.
2.
†a. To bring back into or unto life; to restore to consciousness. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 1118 Him to revoken sche dide al hir peyne; And, at the last, he gan his breeth to drawe. 1528Roy Rede me (Arb.) 40 Doynge all that ever he canne To revoke masse vnto lyfe agayne. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xxi. (1614) 221 Messias Ben Dauid with Elias shall reuoke into life that Messias Ben Ioseph. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 6 By virtue of the Sun..they [sc. flies] will be revoked into life and perform its functions again.
b. To call back to memory. Also const. to, into. Now rare.
1565Hawkins Voy. (Hakl. Soc.) 42 Reuoking to minde the former talke betweene the captaine and him. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 42 The man I know is not cleane out of your conceit, and therefore I will cease in further speeches at this present to revoke him. a1618Sylvester Mottoes 45 When Them I to my Minde revoke [etc.]. a1716South (Cent.), By revoking and recollecting..certain passages. 1838Sir W. Hamilton Logic xxx. (1866) II. 121 If the faculty by which they [sc. cognitions] are revoked into consciousness be inert.
†c. To bring back into use; to revive. Obs.
1574tr. Marlorat's Apocalips 47 Wicked Jezabel, which reuoked, stablished, and increaced the abhominable seruing of Baal. 1627Herrick Hesper., Dial. Horace & Lydia v, Say our first loves we sho'd revoke, And sever'd joyne in brazen yoke. 1644Bulwer Chiron. 131 We are not to tread in their steps so far, as to revoke the whole Art of their obsolete Rhetorique.
3. To recall; to call or summon back:
a. a person, esp. from exile or from some office abroad. Now rare. (Common c 1540–1640.)
1521State Papers, Hen. VIII, I. 10 Hys owne affayris doith not succede wyth thEmperour.., and that therfore he intendith schortly to revoke the Mr. of the Rollys. 1535in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. II. 361, I..trussed his male, and was cariying it to his horse, and he revoked me and seied [etc.]. a1562G. Cavendish Wolsey (1893) 48 Mistress Anne Bolleyn was revoked unto the court, where she florisshed after in great estimacion. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 8 Shortly after..Sir John Perrot being reuoked, Sir William Fitz-williams was sent Lord Deputy into Ireland. a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 306 Had he not been suddenly revoked into England, he would have perfected the project. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. Introd. I. 21 Now the English forces were revoked from the marches of Scotland. Ibid. xxxviii. 398 Sir Thomas Chaloner, being dangerously sick, without hope of recovery but by returning, was revoked. 1828–43Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) III. 330 Sussex..having assumed to himself some credit for revoking the army. 1887Pall Mall G. 16 Feb. 2/1 The Directory would nominate and revoke the Ministers.
b. an animal or thing. Chiefly fig.
1576Fleming tr. Caius' Dogs (1880) 8 These Hounds..being acquainted with their masters watchwordes, eyther in reuoking or imboldening them to serue the game. 1596Spenser F.Q. vi. iii. 28 The faint sprite he did revoke againe To her fraile mansion of mortality. 1599Davies Immort. Soul Introd. xxxiv, Seas as troubled, when they do revoke Their flowing Waves into themselves again. 1648Herrick Hesper., Hock-cart, Ye must revoke The patient Oxe unto the Yoke. 1784Cowper Task vi. 25 How readily we wish time spent revok'd, That we might try the ground again.
†c. To refer (one) to some authority. Obs. rare.
1599Broughton's Let. ix. 30 Thither you reuoke vs. 1601[Bp. W. Barlow] Defence 181 Againe, he reuoketh us to Church and Councels.
†d. To reduce to, bring into, something. Obs.
1605Timme Quersit. i. xv. 78 What power or virtue soeuer is in the nature of medicines and of sicknesses,..the same is to bee reuoked to those three beginnings. 1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nat. Paradox x. 246 Which clause was offensive to her Ears, as revoking into doubt her constancy.
4. To annul, repeal, rescind, cancel.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 363 Þe pope may graunte to day, and to morowe perseyve his folye, and revoke þe formere errour. c1400Brut clxxxvii, Þe Kyng..bihight to þe peple of Engeland, þat þe exiling of þe forsaide Piers shulde bene reuokede. c1449Pecock Repr. ii. vi. 175 The gouernaunce of Laban..was not reuokid, as was the gouernaunce and lawe of the Iewis. 1489Caxton Faytes of A. iv. xii. 264 The prynces and lordes shuld not suffre to reuoque nor calle ayen theire sentences. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 99 If by chaunce his Majestie had alreadie given the sayde office of Gouvernement to any other person, that it might please him to revoke it. 1590Swinburne Testaments 268 Yet is not the testament presumed to be reuoked by the course of so long time. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 143 Antipater the Idumoean procureth him to revoke his resignation. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 126, I else must change Thir nature, and revoke the high Decree Unchangeable, Eternal. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) III. xvii. 109, I doubted not but the letter was to revoke or suspend your resolution. 1786Burke Art. agst. W. Hastings Wks. II. 162 Knowing, that the said Sullivan's appointment had been condemned and revoked by the court of directors. 1837Lockhart Scott II. v. 187 Her only son, who stood by, implored her to revoke the malediction; but in vain. 1873Smiles Huguenots France i. i. (1881) 10 Louis XIV lived for thirty years after the Edict of Nantes had been revoked.
transf.1534Whitinton Tullyes Offices i. (1540) 5 Where as profyte semeth to plucke and catch to hymselfe, honestie on the contrary parte semeth to revoke and reverse such thynges. 1655Stanley Hist. Philos. (1701) 99/2 Cicero..saith, when Euripides made his Play Orestes, Socrates revoked the three first Verses.
†b. To break up, dismiss. Obs. rare—1.
1675Hobbes Odyss. (1677) 14 By Jove I you adjure and Themis, who Convokes assemblies, and revokes again.
†5. To retract, withdraw, recant. Obs.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 340 b/2 Whanne he seie this, He reuoked hit in his retractions. 1529More Dyalogue ii. Wks. 184/1 Therefore he bounde his preachers to stande thereby and not to reuoke his word for no pain. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 7 The Cardinall..at the fyrste metynge commaunded him to revoke his workes. 1581G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. iii. (1586) 141 Then revoke your first sentence, and conclude that the fault is in the father. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. ⁋13 The same S. Augustine was not ashamed to retractate, we might say reuoke, many things that had passed him. 1656Cowley Pindar. Odes, To Dr. Scarborough v, The first fam'd Aphorism thy great Master spoke, Did he live now he would revoke. 1671Milton P.R. iii. 356 Prediction still In all things..supposes means, Without means us'd, what it predicts [it] revokes.
†b. To yield or give up. Obs. rare—1.
1599Sir Clyom. in Peele's Wks. (Rtldg.) 517/1 Take with thee that mortal blow or stroke The which shall cause thy wretched corpse this life for to revoke.
†6. To take back to oneself. Obs.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 27 Suche sedes that we haue layde out of our spirituall barnes for his loue, let vs neuer reuoke or call agayne. 1557Tottel's Misc. (Arb.) 144 Wherby is lost my libertie: Which by no meanes I may reuoke. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 425 Wherefore the Byshop..revoketh the suite to him selfe. 1600E. Blount tr. Conestaggio 94 Beseeching him to reuoke the cause vnto himselfe, and to be the onely iudge thereof.
†b. To draw back, withdraw. Obs. rare.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. viii. 39 Yet with his troncheon he so rudely stroke Cymochles twise, that twise him forst his foot revoke. 1644Bulwer Chiron. 41 Who..doe also revoke and bow back their whole body.
II. intr.
7. To make revocation.
1500–20Dunbar Poems ix. 70, I rewoik in thir quhair I miswent. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 411 It is..an other thing to revoke in season, assoone as a man doth know his error. 1641Milton Reform. ii. 81 To compasse sinister ends, and then revoke when they see their time. 1817Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 828 On the ground of an intention to revoke, to be presumed. 1819Crabbe T. of Hall xii. 356, I make a promise, and will not revoke.
8. Cards, esp. Whist. To fail or neglect to follow suit when a proper card can be played.
1592Defence Conny Catch. (1859) 6 As thus I stood looking on them playing at cros-ruffe, one was taken revoking. 1680Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 102 You must not revoke, if you do you pay all on the Table. 1742Hoyle Games 8 A revokes; Query, what is the Penalty. 1841J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 261 A noisy rubber, in which Esau accused Jacob of having revoked. 1874H. Gibbs Ombre 84 If either of the Adversaries revoke.., he who revoked pays his penalty.
fig.1791Burke App. Whigs Wks. I. 535 And shall we Englishmen revoke to such a suit?
Hence reˈvoked ppl. a. Also reˈvokeless a.
1461Rolls of Parlt. V. 491/1 The pretended and revoked Parlement last holden at youre Toune of Coventre. 1628Layton Sion's Plea agst. Prelacy (ed. 2) 20 According to that formerly revoked Statute of Henry 4. 1773Poetry in Ann. Reg. 239 Why call us to revokeless doom? |