| 释义 |
Lung-shan, n. Archaeol.|ˌlʊŋˈʃɑːn|
Also (Pinyin) Longshan, Lung Shan, Lungshan.
[The name of a town in the Shandong province of eastern China.]
Used attrib. and absol. to designate a Neolithic Chinese culture of c 3000–2500 b.c., and its artefacts (spec. a fine, burnished black pottery), evidence of which was first unearthed at Lung-shan in 1928.
1938G. D. Wu Prehistoric Pottery in China iii. 59 The Cἡêng-tzǔ Yai site was discovered by myself in 1928... As this site is just opposite the town of Lung-shan, it is often called the Lung-shan site, and the Black Pottery culture, the Lung-shan culture. 1948A. L. Kroeber Anthropol. (rev. ed.) xvii. 735 The Black Pottery or Lung-shan culture, also called Ch'eng-tzu-yai, though perhaps overlapping with the Painted Pottery culture in time, is at least mainly later. 1961W. Watson China before Han Dynasty i. 50 The crescent knife is characteristic of Lung Shan culture. 1961G. Clark World Prehist. viii. 197 Technically the fine black Lung-shan ware was more advanced than the others because it was made on the potter's wheel. 1972Trans. Oriental Ceramics Soc. 14 Rough bucket-shaped vases of grey clay were also made, and these..mark a phase preceding the classical Lungshan. Ibid. 16 The fine black ware of Lungshan. 1987Amer. Anthropologist LXXXIX. 811 Other developments seen by the time of the final Neolithic period, the Longshan, include permanent rulers, status differentiation, and craft specialization. 1989J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans ii. 61 The archaeological evidence for the Tarim Basin becomes exceedingly dim until the Neolithic (4000–2000 BC), when we find evidence for the monochrome wares of the Longshan horizon.
Hence ˈLungshanoid a.
1963K.-C. Chang Archaeol. Anc. China iv. 89 A sufficient number of stratified sites have been found to show that the Lungshanoid assemblages invariably lie above the Yangshao remains. 1983R. D. Whitehouse Macmillan Dict. Archaeol. 291 The term lungshanoid embodies the assumptions of the nuclear theory and should probably be avoided. |