| 释义 |
lympho-|ˈlɪmfəʊ|
comb. form of lymph 3, used in numerous biological and medical terms, as ˈlymphoblast Biol. [-blast], any cell which is a precursor of a small lymphocyte; so lymphoˈblastic a.; ˌlymphoblaˈstoma Path. [-oma], malignant proliferation of lymphoblasts; lymphoˈgenic [-genic], lymˈphogenous [-genous], (a) producing lymph or lymphocytes; (b) arising in, produced by, or disseminated via the lymphatic system; ˈlymphokine Immunol. [f. Gr. κινεῖν to move], any of various soluble substances released by lymphocytes following activation by contact with an antigen which are thought to be involved in cell-mediated immunity but to lack the antigen-specificity of antibodies; lymphoˈpenia [-penia], reduction in the number of lymphocytes in the blood; lymphopoiesis |-pɔɪˈiːsɪs| [-poiesis], the formation of lymphocytes; so lymphopoiˈetic a.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Lymphoblast. 1935Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 7 Sept. 765/2 Lymphoblasts approach the structure of myeloblasts. 1962Lancet 27 Jan. 206/2 In the early stages of the production pathway, the lymphocytes are large and possess an intensely basophilic cytoplasm; these are the cells which have often been called lymphoblasts.
1905Ibid. 12 Aug. 465/2 Dr. Jones concluded,..secondly, that apparently a lymphoblastic marrow was usually accompanied by an increased production of erythroblasts, but that, on the other hand, a leucoblastic marrow was not associated with increased erythroblastic production. 1961Ibid. 5 Aug. 291/2 In 2 cases biopsy of a lymph-gland was undertaken and reported as lymphoblastic lymphoma.
1920Jrnl. Urol. IV. 137 (title) Lympho-blastoma (lympho-sarcoma) of the prostate. 1926Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 17 Apr. 1185/1 Lymphoblastoma, a name considered by some as synonymous with malignant lymphoma..may include lymphatic leukemia (lymphocytic and lymphoblastic), aleukemic lymphatic leukemia (pseudoleukemia, aleukemic lymphadenosis), lymphocytoma, Hodgkin's disease (lymphogranuloma), lymphadenoma, lymphomatosis, lymphosarcoma, round cell sarcoma, leukosarcoma and lymphadenosarcoma. 1970S. D. Kobernick tr. Masson's Human Tumors ii. x. 353 The structure is very simple: a chaotic mixture of small cells with round nuclei, larger in lymphoblastomas than in lymphocytomas.
1901Lymphogenic [see lymphomatosis]. 1968Proc. Conf. Lymph & Lymphatic Syst. viii. 173 Experimental animals with lymphogenic encephalopathy have decreased response to pain.
1889Syd. Soc. Lex., Lymphogenous, producing lymph. 1909Practitioner Nov. 656 The unilateral distribution of renal tuberculosis..is explained by lymphogenous infection. 1935N. P. Sherwood Immunol. iii. 59. The four avenues [of spread of infectious agents] commonly mentioned are surface spread, dissemination by way of the lymphatics (lymphogenous), blood stream (hematogenous) and direct extension to adjacent tissues. 1968Proc. Conf. Lymph. & Lymphatic Syst. viii. 169 (heading) Lymphogenous encephalopathy. 1969D. C. Dumonde et al. in Nature 4 38/1 In the guinea-pig these four phenomena are mediated by cell-free soluble factors, which are generated during interaction of sensitized lymphocytes with specific antigen, but which are expressed without reference to immunological specificity. The generic term ‘lymphokine’ is suggested to describe this group of biological activities. 1973Ibid. 2 Mar. 22/2 When T cells are activated by antigen, they proliferate..but they..do not become antibody-secreting cells. They do, however, secrete a variety of non-antigen⁓specific factors (‘lymphokines’) such as migration inhibition factors (MIF), chemotactic factors, cytotoxic factors and mitogenic factors, at least some of which presumably play a role in cell-mediated immune responses, for which T cells are primarily responsible. 1974Sci. Amer. Apr. 36/2 Transplantation antigens and other foreign material..stimulate the production and release of ‘sensitized’ lymphocytes, or effector cells... In addition to killing graft cells directly the sensitized lymphocytes secrete a variety of chemical agents called lymphokines, some of which act directly on the foreign cells and some of which attract other leukocytes..which digest damaged cells and cell fragments.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Lymphopenia. 1921Lancet 10 Dec. 1205/2 The blood content passes from exhibiting a lymphopænia to a lymphocytosis. 1964L. Martin Clin. Endocrinol. (ed. 4) i. 35 A leucocytosis of 10–15,000 per c.mm. is usual with a polymorph excess, lymphopenia and eosinopenia.
1918Stedman Med. Dict. (ed. 5) 569/1 Lymphopoiesis,..the formation of lymphocytes. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxvii. 2/2 In the lymphoreticular organs the reticulum cells..also differentiate into stem cells which divide and mature to form lymphocytes in the process known as lymphopoiesis.
1915J. E. R. McDonagh Biol. & Treatm. Venereal Dis. xv. 144 (heading) Syphilis of the lympho- and haemopoetic [sic] system. 1966M. W. Elves Lymphocytes iii. 71 The lymphopoietic role of the thymus.
Add: ˌlymphoproˈliferative a. Path., (of a disease or syndrome) tending to increase the rate of production and the quantity of lymphoid tissue (often with the implication of malignancy).
1964Lancet 17 Oct. 843/2 Cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with sarcoidosis and *lymphoproliferative diseases behaved differently from those of normals. 1978Nature 4 May 16/2 It is a matter of conjecture whether lymphocytes from special tissues or from subjects with lymphoproliferative disorders may have a surface morphology which is reflected in these in vitro changes. 1991Biotech Forum Europe Sept. 517/2 Enzootic bovine leukosis, a chronic lymphoproliferative disease characterized by persistent lymphocytosis. |