| 释义 |
▪ I. Macedonian, a.1 and n.1|mæsɪˈdəʊnɪən|
[f. L. Macedoni-us (= Gr. Μακεδόνιος, f. Μακεδών: see prec.) + -an.]
A. adj. Pertaining to Macedonia, an ancient country north of Greece; now, a geographical area in the central Balkans lying astride the frontiers of southern Yugoslavia, northern Greece, and southwestern Bulgaria; also, the name of a province in Yugoslavia.
Macedonian parsley: see parsley.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 196 At one time is giuen them nine Macedonian Bushels, but..of drinke eyther wine or water thirty Macedonian pintes at a time. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 257 To make Celery, and Macedonian Parsly grow very fast. 1844Thirlwall Greece lxvi. VIII. 419 It had received a Macedonian admiral in its port. 1946[see B. c below]. 1958Listener 4 Dec. 912/2 The first Macedonian dictionary is being prepared, there are newspapers in the Macedonian language, and Skopje has acquired a brand-new Macedonian university. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VI. 442/1 Yugoslav Macedonia contains the great majority of the Macedonian people.
B. n.
a. A native of Macedonia.
1582N. T. (Rhem.) 2 Cor. ix. 2, I know your prompt minde: for the which I glorie of you to the Macedonians. 1834Lytton Pompeii ii. i, I will teach thee, young braggart, to play the Macedonian with me. 1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 75/2 He was stabbed by a young Macedonian of his own body⁓guard. 1844[see Epirot]. 1897W. E. Gladstone Let. 19 Jan. in Macedonian Question (1902) 3 Why not Macedonia for the Macedonians as well as Bulgaria for the Bulgarians and Servia for the Servians? 1902N. Buxton Ibid. 44 There is, moreover, a certain enmity in Bulgaria towards the Macedonians. 1935S. Christowe Heroes & Assassins vii. 116 The Macedonians took as their motto ‘Liberty or Death’. 1950E. Barker Macedonia ii. 23 After King Alexander instituted his dictatorship in January 1929..the Macedonians began to settle down and to accept Yugoslav rule passively. 1966D. Dakin Greek Struggle in Macedonia xii. 307 There seems also to have been some conflict between the National Greeks and the Greek Macedonians over the question of leadership. 1971Palmer & King Yugoslav Communism & Macedonian Question iv. 64 Evidently there was no attempt by the Macedonians to proclaim an independent or autonomous state, as the Croatians did. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VI. 442/1 In the Greek province are Slavic speakers, Macedonians, and Pomaks, or Bulgarian-speaking Muslims.
b. The language of ancient Macedonia, recorded in fragmentary remains, and usually regarded as a variety of Greek within the Indo-European family.
1556Robinson's tr. More's Utopia Printer to Reader (Arb.) 168 Seyng it is a tongue to vs muche straunger then the Indian,..the Macedonian,..etc. 1933C. D. Buck Compar. Gram. Greek & Latin 14 Languages for which Illyrian origin is claimed or disputed are Venetic and Messapian in ancient Italy, Macedonian, and Albanian. Macedonian, that is, the native speech of the Macedonians as distinguished from the Attic κοινή which they came to adopt as their official language, is known from proper names and rather numerous glosses. 1939L. H. Gray Foundations of Lang. 330 The relation of Macedonian to Greek is uncertain. 1966E. G. Polomé in Birnbaum & Puhvel Anc. Indo-European Dial. 70, σιβύνη and σιγύνη are both occasionally ascribed to Macedonian by scholiasts and lexicographers. 1972W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. 6 Since Macedonian was in contact with Illyrian and Thracian, borrowings from these languages could account for the exotic strain... It is to be assumed that the Macedonian dialect (or language) succumbed to Attic Greek..during the Hellenistic Age.
c. The modern language of the province of Macedonia in Yugoslavia and adjacent areas of Bulgaria and Greece. Also attrib. So Macedonian-speaking.
1946R. Capell Simiomata ii. 85 A Macedonian nationalist, one Gotchi, has been leading a band of Macedonian-speaking Andartes. 1955R. Jakobson Slavic Lang. (ed. 2) 15 Still preserved is the nasal component in..some border dialects of Slovenian and Macedonian. 1964M. Partridge Serbo-Croatian 13 Together with Bulgarian, Macedonian and Slovene, Serbo-Croatian belongs linguistically to the southern branch of the Slavonic group. 1972W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. 162 The greatest concentration of Macedonian speakers was found in that part of the province which passed to Serbia. In 1945, this area became the Macedonian Constituent Republic of Yugoslavia with Macedonian as its official language. The number of speakers exceeds one million. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VI. 442/2 Macedonian became the official language of the People's Republic of Macedonia, an autonomous area in Yugoslavia, when it was established in the 1940s.
Sense in Dict. becomes A 1. Add: [A.] 2. Special Comb. Macedonian phalanx Hist., the characteristic formation of the Macedonian army, consisting of infantry armed with long two-handed pikes and marshalled sixteen-deep in close formation; introduced by Philip II, king of Macedonia 395–36 b.c., as an improvement on the earlier Greek hoplite infantry.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. III. iii. 73 Ianissaries..The order of which is nothing els then the following of the Macedonian Phalangue with the which Alexander the great extended his domination. 1745Swift To Dr. Sheridan 31 Thy words together ty'd in small hanks, Close as the Macedonian phalanx. 1989R. L. O'Connell Arms & Men iv. 61 Designed around a basic building block, or syntagma, of 256 men, lined 16 across and 16 deep, the Macedonian phalanx was not only uniformly thicker but projected a good deal farther ahead than its Greek counterparts.
▪ II. Macedonian, a.2 and n.2|mæsɪˈdəʊnɪən|
[ad. Eccl. L. Macedoniān-us, f. Macedonius: see -an.]
A follower of Macedonius, a heretical Bishop of Constantinople in the 4th century.
1559[see Eunomian n. (a.)]. 1577T. Vautrollier Luther on Ep. Gal. 18 Arians, Eunomians, Macedonians, and such other heretikes. 1701tr. Le Clerc's Prim. Fathers 252 He [Gregory] disputes about the Consubstantiality of the Holy Spirit against the Macedonians. 1727–52Chambers Cycl. s.v. Semi-Arians, A new branch of Macedonian Semi-arians, or Pneumatomachi. 1882–3Schaff's Encycl. Relig. Knowl. II. 1578 They are Macedonians, esteeming the Holy Spirit as no person, but only an influence or emanation.
Hence Maceˈdonianism.
1642Hales Schism 9 Manichanisme, Valentinianisme, Macedonianisme, Mahometisme, are truly and properly Heresies. 1646Bp. Maxwell Burd. Issach. 21 The grossest Heresies, Arianisme, Arminianisme, Macedonianisme [etc.]. |