| 释义 |
▪ I. oratory, n.1|ˈɒrətərɪ|
[ad. L. ōrātōri-um place of prayer (prop. adj. ‘for prayer’, sc. templum); f. ōrāt-, ppl. stem of ōrāre to speak, pray, etc.: see -ory. In OF. oratur (12th c.) whence Sc. oratour, and oratoire (14th c. in Littré).]
1. A place of prayer; a small chapel or shrine; a room or building for private worship, esp. one in or attached to a house, monastery, church, etc. Also in reference to Jewish or Pagan worship.
13..Creatio Mundi in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 227 Ȝit liggen þe tables in þat ilke stude in Adames oratorie þer he bad his beodes. 1382Wyclif Judith ix. 1 Judit wente in to hir oratorie, and..putte askes vp on hir hed. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1047 In worshipe of Venus goddesse of loue, Doon make an Auter and an Oratorie. ― Wife's Prol. 694 If wommen hadde writen stories As clerkes han with-Inne hire oratories. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 365 At Glyndalkan aboute þe oratorie of Seint Keynewyn, wilewys bereþ apples as it were appel treen. a1400–50Alexander 1651 He offird in þat oratori [Solomon's temple] & honourd oure lorde. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 291 In his oratory he lay, Mikel o the nyght to pray. 1527Lanc. & Chesh. Wills (Chetham Soc.) 20 The maynteynyng of devyne service off the chapell or orrotorye of Saynt Savyor off Stretton. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. lxi. §2 In Temples hallowed for publique vse and not in priuate Oratories. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacr. ii. iv. §5 So at Gibeah at the Oratory there, we find a company of Prophets coming down from the high place..prophecying. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour II. 405 The way to it is full of chapels in the manner of oratories. 1816Scott Old Mort. xix, ‘Where is Lady Margaret?’ was Edith's second question. ‘In her oratory’, was the reply,—a cell adjoining to the chapel. 1885Catholic Dict. (ed. 3) s.v., An oratory is public or private, according as it has or has not a door opening into the public road.
fig.1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 103 b, For streyght waye he gothe in to y⊇ chambre or oratory of his conscyence, whiche god hath buylded in his soule. 1880J. Thomson City of Dreadf. Nt. 27 The inmost oratory of my soul, Wherein thou ever dwellest quick or dead.
†2. A faldstool at which a worshipper kneels in prayer. Obs.
1697tr. C'tess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 150 When a Person of Quality, or a strange Lady comes in, the Sexton spreads a large Carpet before 'em, upon which he either sets an Oratory with Cushions, or else he leads 'em to certain little Closets..with Glass windows round. a1771Gray in Corr. (1843) 205 In St. John's Library is what I take for the original of Lady Margaret, kneeling at her oratory under a state.
†3. = oracle 1: cf. oratour 2. Obs.
1513Douglas æneis vii. v. 173 Responsis, schaw Furth of my faderis oratoury law.
†4. A place for public speaking. Obs.
1613T. Godwin Rom. Antiq. (1658) 11 It may be Englished, the great Oratory or place of common-plea. 1729Pope Dunc. iii. 199 note, John Henley the orator..set up his Oratory in Newport-Market, Butcher-row.
5. The name of certain religious societies in the Roman Catholic Church.
a. (Originally and etymologically.) The Oratory of St. Philip Neri or Congregation of the Fathers of the Oratory, a society of simple priests without vows, for plain preaching and popular services, constituted at Rome in 1564 and recognized by the Pope in 1575; so named from the small chapel or oratory built over one of the aisles of the Church of St. Jerome, in which the founder and his followers, ‘Fathers of the Oratory’, carried on their work for six years before 1564. In 1577 the congregation removed to the new church (Chiesa Nuova) of the Valicella, in which were conducted the musical services thence called, in Italian, oratorio, q.v. Also, a local branch or house of this congregation, as the Oratory at Birmingham, the Brompton Oratory.
1644Evelyn Diary 8 Nov., This evening I was invited to heare rare musiq at the Chiesa Nova; the black marble pillars within led us to that most precious Oratory of Philippus Nerius their founder, they being of the oratory of secular priests, under no vow. 1693J. Edwards Author. O. & N. Test. 59 The learned Father of the Oratory. 1885Catholic Dict. (ed. 3) s.v., The Oratory was introduced into England in 1847 by Dr...Newman, who, during his long sojourn in Rome..had studied closely the work of the holy founder. Ibid., The Oratory at Birmingham has remained under the direction..of its illustrious founder.
b. transf. The French Oratory or Congregation of the Oratory of Our Lord Jesus Christ in France, founded by Cardinal Bérulle in Paris, in 1611, in order to strengthen ecclesiastical discipline, and deepen devotion among the secular clergy and the population generally. This congregation was dissolved at the Revolution.
c. The Oratory of the Immaculate Conception, a congregation founded at Paris in 1852, the members of which have the same aims as the former French Oratory, and follow its rules.
d. Also in the titles of other societies.
1815D. Stewart Dissert. Progress Philos. (1854) i. ii. 151 note, Malebranche belonged to the Congregation of the Oratory; a society much more nearly allied to the Jansenists than to the Jesuits. 1885Catholic Dict. s.v., Among the eminent men whom the French Oratory produced were Thomassin,..Lejeune, Richard Simon, Malebranche, Quesnel, Pouget, Massillon [etc.].
▪ II. oratory, n.2|ˈɒrətərɪ|
[ad. L. ōrātōria (sc. ars) the oratorical art, oratory.]
1. The art of the orator or of public speaking; the art of speaking eloquently according to definite rules, so as to please or persuade; rhetoric.
1593Shakes. Lucr. 815 The orator, to deck his oratory, Will couple my reproach to Tarquin's shame. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. vii. 14 Bot this..sumthing hindirit his prais, that his language was nocht mair illustre, conforme to the Romane oratrie. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. 308 He applied himself to Oratory and Philosophy. 1719Swift To a Young Clergyman, That part of oratory, which relates to the moving of passions.
2. The exercise of eloquence; oratorship; the delivery of orations or speeches; rhetorical or eloquent language.
1588Shakes. Tit. A. v. iii. 90 Nor can I vtter all our bitter griefe, But floods of teares will drowne my Oratorie. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 8 Sighs..Unutterable, which the Spirit of prayer..wing'd for Heav'n with speedier flight Than loudest Oratorie. a1745Swift Will. II, Lett. 1768 IV. 265 A notable mark of the force of oratory in the churchmen of those ages. 1847James J. Marston Hall viii, The state of insanity to which all this oratory raised the populace may easily be imagined. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 259 It is seldom that oratory changes votes.
b. fig.
a1586Sidney Arcadia i. (1590) B vij, The prety lambs with bleting oratory craued the dams comfort. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. i. ix. 23 His first care is for his cattell, where dumbenesse is oratory to a conscientious man. 1726Swift Gulliver ii. i, A child..began a squall,..after the usual oratory of infants, to get me for a plaything. 1858Lytton What Will He do i. i, Quintilian in his remarks on the oratory of fingers.
▪ III. † ˈoratory, a. Obs.
[ad. L. ōrātōri-us, f. ōrātōr-em orator.]
Of or pertaining to an orator; oratorial, oratorical; rhetorical.
1534Whitinton Tullyes Offices i. (1540) 1 In exercyse of oratory crafte. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xviii. (Arb.) 197 Either in the Poeticall or oratorie science. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 296 Epaminondas..commanded that those that promised victory should be layd on the right hand the oratory chaire, and the other on the left. |