| 释义 |
malaguetta|mæləˈgɛtə|
Forms: 6 manguetta, manegete, 7 mellegette, 7–8 malegutta, 8 malaget, malaghetta, malagato, malegetta, 8–9 malaguette, 9 maniguette, malaguet(a, meleguet(t)a, 7– malaguetta.
[Of obscure origin.
App. identical with the med.L. melegeta, the name of a spice mentioned c 1214 in connexion with cloves and cardamoms, and said a 1331 to be among the productions of Java (see Du Cange). Both the authors cited are Italian, and in 1486 Simon a Cordo (Clavis Sanationis) explains the word as a diminutive of It. melica millet, remarking that the grains resemble those of millet. This seems probable; but if the word be of European origin, it has either been adopted in a corrupt form into some West African langs., or confused with a native word, the source of the earliest Eng. form and of the F. maniguette. In 1599 Towrson (Hakl. Voy. II. ii. 27), in a list of phrases from the lang. of Guinea, gives ‘manegete afoye, graines ynough’. Miss M. Kingsley, West Afr. Studies (1899) ii. 57, says that in the native lang. at Cape Palmas the name is emanequetta, but that as the name is very local (the more usual word is waizanzag), a European origin is possible.]
The capsules or seeds of Amomum Meliguetta of West Africa, used as a spice and in medicine; also known as grains of paradise and Guinea grains. (Cf. cardamom.)
1568M. Hacket tr. Thevet's New Found World 26 In Ginney the fruit that is most rife and common..is named Manguetta. 1670Ogilby Africa 413 Graines of paradise..which the natives call Mellegette. 1670tr. Villaut's Guinea 101 They call not Pepper..Grain, with the Hollanders, but Malaguetta, with us. 1705W. Bosman Guinea xiii. (1721) 216 Malaget, otherwise called the Grains of Paradise. Ibid. xvi. 285 Malagueta, otherwise called Paradice-Grains, or Guinea Pepper. 1788Clarkson Impol. Slave Tr. 13 The first [pepper] that was discovered or imported, was malaguetta, or grains of Paradise.
b. attrib., as malaguetta pepper.
1745Astley's Voy. II. 520 The Malaghetta, Grain, or Pepper Coast. 1788J. Matthews Sierra Leone 58 The Malagato Pepper, or Grains of Paradise. 1863R. F. Burton Wand. W. Afr. ii. 37 By the Dutch they were called Guinea Grains; by the trade Malaguetta Pepper. 1877R. H. Major Discov. Pr. Henry xi. 170 The natives.. brought Malaguette pepper in grain and in its pods as it grew. 1899M. Kingsley West Afr. Stud. ii. 57 Meleguetta pepper. |