| 释义 |
▪ I. masquerade, n.|mɑːskəˈreɪd, -æ-|
Forms: α. 6 masquerada, 6–7 mascarado, masquerado, 7 mascurado, maskarado. β. 7– masquerade; also 7 mascarad, maskerade, -at, mascherade, 7–8 mascarade.
[ad. Sp. mascarada (whence F. mascarade), f. máscara mask, masker n.1 (= It. maschera, whence mascherata masquerade).
The Sp. máscara, It. maschera, are regarded by most recent etymologists as a. Arab. maskharah laughing-stock, buffoon (the sense ‘man in masquerade’, given by Richardson and Bocthor, is said by Dozy to be a modern importation from Romanic), f. root sakhira to ridicule. Some scholars, however, reject this view, and connect the word with Pr. mascarar, Catal. mascarar, Pg. mascarrar, OF. mascurer, mascherer (mod.F. mâchurer) to black (the face), of Teut. origin: cf. OE. mæscre ‘macula’ (? spot, or ? mesh), MDu. maschel, mascher spot. For the possible relation to mask n.2, see that word.]
1. An assembly of people wearing masks and other disguises (often of a rich or fantastic kind) and diverting themselves with dancing and other amusements; a masked ball.
α1597Morley Introd. Mus. 181 The Italians make their galliardes..plaine, and frame ditties to them, which in their mascaradoes they sing and daunce. 1612J. More in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 126 The masqueradoes on Monday and Tuesday. 1653A. Wilson Jas. I 104 He loved such Representations, and Disguises in their Maskaradoes, as were witty, and sudden. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 365 They have sometimes their Mascurados called Quacones, disguising themselves like Devils.
β1613Drummond of Hawthornden Tears Death Moeliades (1614) To Rdr., The Name which..he Himselfe in the Challenges of his Martiall Sports, and Mascarads, was wont to vse. 1632Lithgow Trav. viii. 369 They haue Bull-beating, Maskerats, singing of rimes, and processions of Priests. 1671Lady M. Bertie in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 23 They say the King hath put out a Proclamation to forbid maskerades. c1720Prior Venus's Adv. Muses 8 The loose dance, and wanton masquerade. 1742H. Walpole Lett. to Mann (1834) I. 106, I was last week at the masquerade dressed like an old woman and passed for a good mask. 1877M. M. Grant Sun-Maid vii, You would do for a masquerade in that costume.
b. transf. and fig. usually with reference to the fantastic or motley character of a masquerade.
1587Harmer tr. Beza's Serm. Cant. 134 The Masquerada of a high masse. 1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 668 Although they pretend a matchlesse understanding in these mysteries of Philosophy, they have caused others..to be blinded with the mascarados of absurdities. 1612Proc. Virginia 45 in Capt. Smith's Wks. (Arb.) 124 These feindes..cast themselues in a ring about the fire, singing and dancing with excellent ill varietie;..Hauing spent neere an houre, in this maskarado [etc.]. 1614Drummond of Hawthornden Urania ii, A Nought, a Thought, a Mascarade of Dreames. 1702Pope Wife of Bath 284 Visits to ev'ry Church we daily paid, And march'd in ev'ry holy Masquerade. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 75 ⁋16 The rich and powerful live in a perpetual masquerade, in which all about them wear borrowed characters. 1841–4Emerson Ess., Poet Wks. (Bohn) I. 167 æsop reports the whole catalogue of common daily relations through the masquerade of birds and beasts.
2. Disguise such as is worn at a masquerade; masquerade dress.
†a. lit. Obs.
1668Dryden Even. Love iii. i, There are some women without in masquerade. 1691Emilianne's Frauds Rom. Monks (ed. 3) 399 As he was going one Evening to the Play-House he met with a Lady of Quality in Masquerade. 1774H. Walpole Let. to Mann 8 June, Everybody is to go in masquerade, but not in mask.
b. transf. (contemptuously). Also, the action of ‘masquerading’.
1868M. E. Braddon Run to Earth I. xi. 260 ‘What, in heaven's name, is the meaning of this masquerade?’ The surgeon removed his broad-brimmed hat [etc.]... Nothing could have been more perfect than his disguise. 1902E. Banks Newspaper Girl 268 During my masquerade as an American heiress.
c. fig. Disguise; false outward show; pretence.
1674Ch. & Court of Rome 23 This convention..was nothing but a Scene dressed up in Masquerade. 1680Hon. Cavalier 16, I openly declare, without any Masquerade, That [etc.]. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. 21 The Presbyterians said..that he [Chillingworth] was always a Papist in his heart, or, as we now say, in masquerade. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil ii. iii. (1840) 204 The Devil in masquerade, Satan in full disguise. 1781Crabbe Library 25 The smooth tongue's habitual masquerade. 1823Byron Juan xi. xxxvii, And, after all, what is a lie? 'Tis but The truth in masquerade. 1863Woolner My Beautiful Lady Introd. 7 For none can strip this complex masquerade And know who languishes with secret wounds.
d. concr. A travesty, counterfeit. rare.
1847Disraeli Tancred iii. v, ‘Thou son of a slave!’ exclaimed the lady, ‘thou masquerade of humanity!’
†3. One who takes part in a masquerade. Obs.
1651tr. De-las-Coveras' Don Fenise 244 All the company were mute, considering for what cause this troope of unknown people were come into this assembly. Some thought that they were some Mascarads. 1667Lond. Gaz. No. 130/3 Several Citizens.., going disguised as Mascarades. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy II. 187 Here also it is that the Mascarades march in Carneval time. 1727Boyer Fr. Dict., Masque, (Personne masquée) a masker, a mascarade.
†4. A Spanish cavalry exercise. Obs.
a1674Clarendon Life (1761) I. 223 The Masquerade is an Exercise They learned from the Moors, performed by Squadrons of Horse, seeming to charge each other with great Fierceness; with Bucklers in their left Hands and a Kind of Cane in their right.
†5. Used as a name for one or more textile fabrics. Obs.
1711Countrey-Man's Let. to Curate 95 He goes Generally in Winter in good thick Rug, and in Summer most part in a Highland Plaid, masquerade being at any time too Limber for him. 1714A. Jaffray Let. in Scott. N. & Q. June 12 If you want any women's cloth or mascarads for your ladie. 1846–60Fairholt Costume in Eng. (ed. 2) Gloss., Masquerade, a shot silk of various tints.
6. attrib., sometimes passing into adj. = befitting a masquerade; also fig.
1720Welton Suffer. Son of God II. xvi. 430 This very same Temptation oftentimes attacks the Servants of God, in a more Masquerade Address. 1749Fielding Tom Jones xiii. vii, The female still speaking in her masquerade voice. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. (1767) I. xviii. 84 [He] demanded whether I was the real chaplain of the company, or whether it was only to be my masquerade character in the play. 1766Porny Heraldry vi. §3 (1787) 222 This Ornament [sc. the mitre], with other Masquerade Garments. 1772Foote Nabob ii. Wks. 1799 II. 304 A masquerade ticket, is more negotiable there than a note from the bank. 1772Songs Costume (Percy Soc.) 249 An ass may look fierce in a masquerade dress. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. 236 A Spanish masquerade-dress. 1841Marryat Poacher xliii, The first masquerade-night at Vauxhall.
▪ II. masquerade, v.|mɑːskəˈreɪd, -æ-|
Also 7 mascherate.
[f. prec. n.]
†1. trans. To disguise as at a masquerade. Obs. rare.
1654Cokaine Dianea ii. 131 Wicked man,..how skilfull thou art to mascherate thy excuses! 1681T. Flatman Heraclitus Ridens No. 34 (1713) I. 218 Torying, Tantivying and Masquerading his Majesty's most loyal and dutiful Subjects. 1717J. Killingbeck Serm. xi. 229 To masquerade Vice, and to make it wear the Habit and Shape of that Virtue it most resembles.
†2. To make like a masquerade, as by variety of costume. Obs. rare—1.
1757E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances (1767) IV. 239, I am just come up from the Shore, which I left masqueraded with People, I believe, from every Nation of the Earth.
3. intr. To appear or go about in disguise; to pass oneself off under a false character; to have or assume a deceptive appearance.
1692R. L'Estrange Fables ccxxiv. 196 An Ass..Masquerading up and down in a Lyon's Skin. 1809–10Coleridge Friend (1865) 215 He..masqueraded on the bloody stage of revolution, a Caligula with the cap of liberty on his head. 1850H. Rogers Ess. (1874) II. ii. 123 Some may probably deem that..philosophy is here masquerading it a little too freely for her character. 1863W. Phillips Speeches xxiv. 533 Virginia has a government, and is not a horde of pirates masquerading as a state. |