| 释义 |
matin|ˈmætɪn|
Pl. matins |ˈmætɪnz|. Forms: pl. 3–4, 7 matines, 3–5 matynes, 4 mateyns, matinis, matynys, 4–5 metenes, 4–6 matyns, 5 matens, maytenys, mayteynesse, 6 mattyns, mattence, Sc. matynnis, mathemes, mathingis, 6–7 mattens, 4– matins, 6– mattins. sing. 4 matyn, 4–5 matyne, 7 mattin, matine, 7– matin, mattin.
[Early ME. matines, a. F. matines fem. pl. (11th c.) = Pr. matinas:—Eccl. L. mātūtīnās (nom. mātūtīnæ), fem. pl. of mātūtīnus pertaining to the morning. The more usual forms in med.L. were the masc. sing. mātūtīnus (hence Sp. maitines masc. pl., also matutino) and the masc. pl. mātūtīnī. Cf. F. matin, Pr. mati, It. mattino morning:—L. mātūtīnum (sc. tempus).
With regard to the coexistence of the masc. and fem. forms in med.L., cf. the use of vesperæ fem. pl. and vesperi masc. pl., for vespers. Some scholars have suggested that the form matutinæ is ellipt. for matutinæ vigiliæ: cf. vigilia matutina ‘morning watch’ 1 Sam. xi. 11.]
I. In the plural form.
1. Eccl.
a. One of the canonical hours of the breviary; properly a midnight office, but sometimes recited at daybreak, and followed immediately by lauds.
In modern Roman Catholic use the office as said by secular clergy is usually ‘anticipated’, i.e. said on the afternoon or evening before.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 91/156 Ase þe Monekes weren ech-one A nyȝt at Matines. c1330Arth. & Merl. 6490 (Kölbing) Ich niȝt it was þe quenes maner, To chirche gon & matins here. c1440Alphabet of Tales 197 On a nyght as he stude at þe psalmodie at matyns. c1440Promp. Parv. 329/2 Mateynys, matutine. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 122 Thys versycle [Esto nobis] ys sayde bytwene Matyns and Lawdes. Ibid., Some tyme mattyns were sayde by themselfe in the nyghte, and laudes by them selfe at morow tyde, and the same ys yet vsed of some relygyons. c1483Caxton Dialogues 27/17 He ariseth alle the nyghtes For to here matynes. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 114 b, They came to mumble up their mattyns at mydnight, after their accustomed maner. 1601F. Godwin Bps. of Eng. 327 As he came from the morning seruice then called the Mattens which was woont to be said shortly after midnight. 1863J. M. Neale Ess. Liturgiol. 6 Matins are preceded by the Pater Noster, the Ave Maria, and the Credo. 1896H. B. Swete Ch. Services 39 The night services consisted of Nocturns, Mattins and Lauds; at daybreak came the supplementary Mattins.
†b. Often used as a designation for the whole of the public service preceding the first mass on Sunday. (See quot. 1904.) Obs.
c1250Lutel Soth Serm. 69 in O.E. Misc. 190 (Cott. MS.) Masses and matines ne kepeþ heo nouht. 13..Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. xxxvii. 852 Ȝif þow herest matyns and masse and takest haly brede. c1380Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 193 Ȝif prestis seyn here matynes, masse & euensong aftir salisbury vsse [etc.]. 1470–85Malory Arthur i. iii–v. 40 Whan matyns & the first masse was done. 1520Burgh Recs. Stirling (1887) 5 At Mes, Mathemes and Ewinsang. c1529in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. I. 189 He..is alwaye present at Mattens and all Masse wt evyn song. 1549Latimer 4th Serm. bef. Edw. VI (Arb.) 108 Thys byshop answered hys chaplayne..as I was goynge to hys Sermon, I remembred me that I had neyther sayed masse, nor mattens. 1904Wordsworth & Littlehales Old Service-bks. 21 Then, even as now..the church was rarely used on Sundays more than three times, i.e. for Mattins at 6 or 7, for High Mass then at 9, and for Evensong at 2 p.m., 2.30 p.m., or 3 p.m. But with ‘Mattins’ (we conjecture) Lauds and Prime would be amalgamated.
c. The order for public morning prayer in the Church of England since the Reformation.
Structurally the service is a combination of elements of the breviary offices of matins, lauds, and prime.
1548Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI, c. 1 §6 The Mattens, Evensonge, Letanye, and all other prayers. 1549(May) Bk. Com. Prayer 1 An Ordre for Mattins dayly through the yere. 1559Act 1 Eliz. c. 2 §2 All and singler Mynysters..shall..use the Mattens Evensong Celebracion of the Lordes Supper [etc.]. 1733Tickell Her Majesty's Rebuilding 12 To couch at Curfeu-time they thought no scorn, And froze at Matins, every winter-morn. 1863J. M. Neale Ess. Liturgiol. 7 No one, we imagine, but must have felt the lamentable want of this [Invitatory] in our own Matins. 1896H. B. Swete Ch. Services 73 Subsequent revisions of the Prayer Book have introduced into the English Mattins and Evensong elements foreign to the ancient Hours.
¶d. In a form of oath. (Cf. Marymass 2.) ? nonce use.
1606Wily Beguiled K 1 b, Now by the Marry mattens, Peg, thou hast [etc.].
†e. black matins: at Christ Church, Oxford, the college matins (as distinguished from the cathedral matins at which surplices are worn). Obs.
1825C. M. Westmacott English Spy I. 305 If you're fond of fun, old fellow, jump up and view the Christ Church men proceeding to black matins this morning.
2. In various allusive and fig. uses.
a. Chiefly of birds: to sing (etc.) matins, to sing their morning song. poet.
c1530Crt. of Love 1353 On May-day..To matens went the lusty nightingale... Domine labia, gan he crye. 1595Spenser Epithal. 80 The merry Larke hir mattins sings aloft. 1640H. Glapthorne Hollander iv. Wks. 1874 I. 133 The shrill Organd Cocke Shall cease to carroll Mattens to the morne. 1812J. Wilson Isle of Palms iii. 435 And kneeling there to Mercy's fane..The Maid her matins sings. 1866Neale Sequences & Hymns 81 The birds sing early Matins. 1903Longm. Mag. Nov. 30 The thrushes were still at matins.
†b. Devil's matins: a service of Satanic worship attributed to witches; transf. an uproar. Obs.
1625Massinger New Way iv. i, Sir Giles Ouerreach Made such a plain discouerie of himselfe, And read this morning such a diuellish Matins, That [etc.]. 1634W. Wood New Eng. Prosp. ii. xii, Hee [the Devil] was wont to carry away their wives and children, because hee would drive them to these Mattens. 1820[see devil n. 25].
c. Parisian matins (= F. matines de Paris, in Cotgr. matines parisiennes): the massacre of St. Bartholomew (Aug. 24, 1572), which began about 2 a.m. (Cf. Sicilian vespers.)
1614[see Parisian B]. 1683in Lond. Gaz. No. 1856/5 Murders, and Massacres, not to be parallel'd by the Parisian Mattins, or Sicilian Vespers.
d. A morning duty, occupation, or performance.
1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. (1851) 142 These and such lessons as these, I know would have been my Matins duly, and my Even-song. 1814Wordsw. Excursion ii. 140 The music and the sprightly scene Invite us; shall we quit our road, and join These festive matins?
II. In the sing. form.
†3. A morning. Obs. rare.
In the first quot. matine is a trisyllable riming with tre, and would therefore be strictly a distinct word, ad. F. matinée: see matinée.
[c1400Laud Troy Bk. 8692 The sonne schynes on euery a tre, Hit is a fair matyne.] 1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 89 The Glow-worme showes the Matine to be neere, And gins to pale his vneffectuall Fire. 1845Disraeli Sybil (1863) 244 This morn..I learnt how your matins were now spent.
4. A morning call or song (of birds). poet.
1632Milton L'Allegro 114 Ere the first Cock his Mattin rings. 1742Young Nt. Th. i. 438 The sprightly Lark's shrill Matin wakes the Morn. 1840J. S. Polack Mann. & Cust. N. Zealanders I. 166 His shrill early matin, giving the signal to rise.
III. 5. attrib. and Comb. a. with matin: (a) ‘pertaining to or used at the time of matins’.
c1315Shoreham Poems ii. 14 God and man y-take was At matyn-tyde by nyȝte. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xvi. (Magdalena) 905 In sammyne tyme þat wont war thay In matyne offyce for to ryse. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 24 To saye..mattyns, at mattyn tyme, & pryme at pryme tyme. 1708Ozell tr. Boileau's Lutrin 57 And call the Yawning Priests to Matin Pray'r. 1709Pope Jan. & May 523 He rais'd his spouse ere Matin-bell was rung. 1796Scott Wild Huntsmen x, To muttering monks leave matin-song. c1820S. Rogers Italy (1839) 133 Those who assembled there at matin-time. 1851Longfellow Gold. Leg. iv. Refectory, To your cells, And pray till you hear the matin-bells.
(b) passing into adj. in the sense ‘belonging to, the early morning, morning-, matinal’.
1643Farington Papers (Chetham Soc.) 99 Matin Chamber. 1667Milton P.L. v. 7 The shrill Matin Song of Birds. 1717Pope Eloisa 267, I waste the Matin lamp in sighs for thee. a1732Gay Fables (1738) II. viii. 77 At noon (the lady's matin hour) I sip the tea's delicious flower. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. i, All Nature's children feel the matin spring Of life reviving, with reviving day. 1863Woolner My Beautiful Lady 45 At matin time where creepers interlace We sauntered slowly.
b. with matins: as matins book, matins monger, matins mumbling, matins time; † matins mass, the mass before which matins is recited.
1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 823 Þat day [Sunday] þou owyst..For to here þy seruyse al; Matyns messe here [Dulwich MS. matenys & messe], to rede or syngge,..Come fyrst to matyns, ȝyf þat þou may. 1395E.E. Wills (1882) 5 A peyre Matyns bookis. 1484Caxton Fables of Alfonce i, The Cocke..watcheth and waketh atte matyns tyme. 1530Palsgr. 804/2 At mattyns tyme. Ibid. 183 Vnes hevres, a primer or a mattyns boke. 1543Bale Yet a Course 88 b, Mattens mongers, masse momblers, holye water swyngers. a1555G. Marsh in Foxe A. & M. (1583) 1565 Holy water casting, procession gadding, Mattins mumbling [etc.]. |