| 释义 |
mausoleum|mɔːsəʊˈliːəm|
Pl. mausolea |-ˈliːə|, mausoleums. Also (erron.) 7–8 mausolæum, 7 pl. mausoleas.
[a. L. mausōlēum, ad. Gr. µαυσωλεῖον, f. Μαύσωλος Mausolus.]
1. The magnificent tomb of Mausolus, King of Caria, erected in the middle of the 4th c. b.c. at Halicarnassus by his queen Artemisia, and accounted one of the seven wonders of the world.
1546Langley Pol. Verg. iii. vii. 71 b, Mausoleum that was the Tombe of Mausolus kynge of Caria. 1869Rawlinson Anc. Hist. 151 Artemisia II, b.c. 353, the builder of the famous ‘Mausoleum’.
2. A stately edifice erected as a commemorative burial place for or by some person of distinction.
1600Holland Livy 1397 Augustus made a Mausoleum, to serve for a sepulchre as well to himselfe and all the Emperours, as also for his whole house and name. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 337 It includes many stately buildings; and Mausoleas. 1819T. Hope Anast. (1820) I. xii. 220 Aqueducts, and temples, and mausolea. 1841Elphinstone Hist. Ind. II. 151 Shir Sháh was buried at Sahserám, where his stately mausoleum is still to be seen.
¶b. loosely. A stately tomb.
1688New Hist. China 47 There are..six Hundred Fourscore and five Mausoleums. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) III. 241 Her husband Constantius, together with their son Valentinian III, in a mausoleum on the left. 1802Sk. Paris II. xliv. 88 Lewis XIV never conceived the idea of erecting, in the Hôtel des Invalides, mausolea, with the statues of the generals who had led..the armies of the nation. 1824in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. (1825) 374 His mausoleum may repose under the altar of St. Sophia.
c. transf. and fig.
1696Brookhouse Temple Open. 29 After some time, it comes forth of this Mausoleum a perfect New Creature of Whitish colour, with Wings and Legs. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1792) IV. 175 O! London, London! thou mausoleum of dead souls! 1818Byron Ch. Har. iv. lx, The dead, Whose names are mausoleums of the Muse.
†3. = catafalque 1. Obs.
1695Lond. Gaz. No. 3059/2 The Body..was deposited under a magnificent Mausoleum. 1695Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) III. 505 Stealing part of the fringe from the queen's mausoleum in Westminster Abbey. 1705Lond. Gaz. No. 4103/1 A very magnificent Mausolæum is preparing in the..Chapel..where the Body is to be Deposited. 1727–52Chambers Cycl., s.v. |