| 释义 |
mescaline|ˈmɛskəlɪn, -iːn|
Also mescalin, † mezcaline.
[ad. G. mezcalin (now mescalin) (A. Heffter 1896, in Ber. d. Deut. Chem. Ges. XXIX. 222), f. Sp. mezcal mescal: see -in1, -ine5.]
a. The alkaloid 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine, (CH3O)3·C6H2·CH2CH2NH2, which is the chief active principle of mescal buttons, producing effects similar to those of LSD but much less strongly.
1896Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXX. i. 267 Alkaloïds of Anhalonium Lewinii, Hennings (Lophophora Lewinii, Rusby).—The dried ‘discs’ (Scheiben) of this cactus are used by the Indians of N. Mexico for the preparation of an intoxicant, and are brought into commerce under the name of ‘Muscale buttons’... They were extracted with 70 per cent. alcohol, and the residue obtained by evaporating this extract was extracted with ether and then with chloroform. The chloroform dissolved an alkaloïd which was named mezcaline. 1899Jrnl. Physiol. XXV. 82 Mezcaline, whilst agreeing precisely with the other alkaloids as regards cardiac and respiratory action, etc., appeared more effective in the production of colour visions. 1900Dorland Med. Dict. 384/1 Mescalin. 1936Mind XLV. 68 My first experience of a similar kind was during an experiment with mescaline. 1956A. Huxley Heaven & Hell i. 11 The soul is transported to its far-off destination by the aid of..mescalin. 1958M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour ix. 112 A number of drugs produce quasi-mystical experiences, the best-known being mescaline. 1962Q. Rev. XVI. 136 The outstanding result of mescaline ingestion is visual hallucination, but depersonalisation and time distortion frequently occur. 1966T. Pynchon Crying of Lot 49 i. 17 The experiment he was helping the community hospital run on effects of LSD-25, mescaline, psilocybin, and related drugs on a large sample of suburban housewives. 1974Sci. Amer. June 66/1 Other hallucinogenic agents such as mescaline and amphetamine, on the other hand, are related in structure to noradrenaline.
b. attrib., as mescaline hallucination, mescaline psychosis.
1913Jrnl. Nervous & Mental Dis. XL. 432 A mescalin hallucination is felt to be much more objective than a mere idea such as a visual image. 1941Arch. Neurol. & Psychiatry (Chicago) XLV. 130 (heading) Mescaline hallucinations in artists.
1940Jrnl. Mental Sci. LXXXVI. 36 The feeling of unreality, both as regards the self and the external world, so often found in schizophrenics, is one of the typical features of the mescaline psychosis. 1958M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour ix. 114 It is acute schizophrenia which most resembles ‘mescaline psychosis’, and Andis has described a number of psychotic patients whose reported experiences resembled mescaline psychosis more than the classical type of psychosis. |