| 释义 |
mullite Min.|ˈmʌlaɪt|
[f. Mull, the name of an island off the west coast of Scotland + -ite1.]
A silicate of aluminium, approximately Al9Si3O20, that occurs as orthorhombic crystals, is formed naturally or artificially by the action of high temperatures on other aluminium silicates, and is used for making refractory porcelains and bricks.
1924N. L. Bowen et al. in Jrnl. Washington Acad. Sci. XIV. 184 The occurrence in natural rocks necessitates a mineralogical name and for this [sc. the compound 3Al2O3.2SiO2] we propose the term, mullite, after the locality whence came the rocks in which it is here first identified, the Island of Mull. 1930Engineering 26 Dec. 813/3 The successful application of refractories prepared from..synthetic mullite emphasised the effect of ‘mullite’ content in promoting chemical resistance. 1941Proc. Prehist. Soc. VII. 64 Porcellanite..probably representing a pisolitic bauxitic clay from the inter-basaltic horizon..is composed of dark spinel and a light fine-grained aggregate of sillimanite and mullite. 1967M. Chandler Ceramics in Mod. World i. 19 Some of these later combine with each other to form new crystalline phases, including needle-like particles of crystalline mullite. 1974Nature 2 Aug. 403/1 Quartz samples..were heated in a vacuum in outgassed mullite or alumina tubes.
Hence mullitiˈzation, conversion into mullite; ˈmullitized ppl. a.
1939Ceramic Abstr. XVIII. 251/1 Mullite is formed rapidly during the firing of clay... The temperature of firing determines the degree of mullitization. 1948Jrnl. Amer. Ceramic Soc. XXXI. 254 (heading) Mullitization of kaolinite. Ibid. 258 In more completely mullitized instances, e.g., after firing to 1300°C., groups of mullite needles in associated growth simulate hexagonal aggregations. |