| 释义 |
▪ I. mutilate, n.|ˈmjuːtɪlət|
[Subst. use of next adj.]
A member of the Mutilata, the lowest division of Megasthenes in Dana's classification of Mammalia, comprising those with ‘mutilate’ limbs; a cetacean or sirenian.
1862Dana Man. Geol. 423 note, Mutilates. The limbs short and paddle-like for swimming. 1863[see megasthene].
▪ II. mutilate, a.|ˈmjuːtɪlət|
Also 6 Sc. mutilat, mutillait.
[ad. L. mutilāt-us, pa. pple. of mutilāre to mutilate.]
1. Of a human body: Wanting or deprived of one or more of its members; mutilated; of a limb, rendered imperfect by mutilation. Obs. exc. poet.
1532Frith Mirror (1626) 44 Wee..are much bound to him, that he hath giuen to vs our perfect members:..yet..wee are much bound vnto him, although he hath made vs imperfect & mutilate. 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. 71 He beheld a great noumbre of persons, some..mutilate of their membres. 1563–4Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 269 In caise any of thame..happynnis to be hurt, mutilat, or slane. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vii. ii. 342 Criples mutilate in their owne persons, do come out perfect in their generations. 1795Southey Maid of Orleans i. 82 Imaged forms Of saints and warlike chiefs, moss-canker'd now And mutilate, lay strewn upon the ground. 1814Cary Dante, Inf. xxviii. 60 Another shade, Pierc'd in the throat, his nostrils mutilate.
2. Of things: Having some part destroyed or wanting. Obs. exc. poet.
c1560[Bannatyne] in A. Scott's Poems (E.E.T.S.) 1 To Rdr., My copeis awld, mankit, and mvtillait. 1567J. Sandford tr. Epictetus 6 The instrument being mutilate and vnperfect. 1644Hammond Conscience §71. 38 The maimed mutilate obedience, the compounding betwixt God and Satan. 1673[R. Leigh] Transp. Reh. 57 The story as he has castrated it is so mutilate and deficient. 1814Southey Roderick xviii, Mutilate..Of royal rites was this solemnity.
3. Nat. Hist. Deficient in some part common to the species or to closely related species, or possessing it only in an imperfect or modified form.
1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. i. xx. (1765) 61 Mutilate Flowers are the reverse of Luxuriant. Linnæus confines the Term to those Flowers only that want the Corollæ, though they ought to be furnished with it. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 333 Mutilate (Mutilata). When they [the elytra] appear unnaturally short or curtailed as if mutilated. 1848Maunder Treas. Nat. Hist. 796. 1890 Century Dict., Mutilate, deprived of hind limbs, as a cetacean or a sirenian.
Hence † ˈmutilateness rare—1.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 199/1 It will prævent the mutilatenes of anye persone.
▪ III. mutilate, v.|ˈmjuːtɪleɪt|
Also 6 mutulate, 7 Sc. mittellate.
[f. L. mutilāt-, ppl. stem of mutilāre to cut or lop off; f. mutil-us maimed (? = Gr. µύτιλος or µίτυλος, hornless): see -ate1.]
1. trans. To deprive (a person or animal) of a limb or some principal organ of the body; to cut off or otherwise destroy the use of (a limb or organ). spec. in Scots Law: cf. mutilation.
1562[implied in mutilating vbl. n.]. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. (1774) 395 (tr. Stat. Rob. II, c. 11) Gif ane man mutilats ane other, or wounds, or beates him, be forthocht felonie. 1616Bullokar Eng. Expos., Mutilate, to maime, cut off, or make lame. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vii. ii. 342 Such as fearing to concede a monstrosity, or mutilate the integrity of Adam, preventively conceive the creation of thirteene ribs. 1685Sir J. Lauder Chron. Notes Sc. Affairs (1822) 135 M'Alla, skiper in Leith, sues before the Councill John Reid, skiper there, for mittellating him. 1838Thirlwall Greece IV. 337 The Greeks..mutilated the slain. 1839Ibid. VI. 295 He was condemned to be mutilated,..in his nose and ears. 1854Milman Lat. Chr. iv. viii. (1864) II. 396 They were blinded, or mutilated by the loss of their tongues. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xxi. 525 Sheep-dogs were purposely mutilated in order to prevent their running game down.
absol.1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 54 A high variolous susceptibility, which..when excited by art [i.e. by vaccination]..very often mutilates, and very often destroys.
fig.15..Narr. Reformation (Camden) 238 The said scholemaster so appalled.. the tender and fyne wittes of his scholers, whose memories were also therby so mutulated and wounded, that [etc.]. 1841Myers Cath. Th. iii. §50. 196 Let a man sit down to the study of the Bible..mutilating no endowment of his understanding.
2. To render (a thing, esp. a record, book, etc.) imperfect by cutting off or destroying a part.
1534More Treat. Passion Wks. 1291/1, I wil not in any worde wyllinglye, mangle or mutulate that honourable mans worke. 1637–50Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 65 The maters being relating to Bishops, it is easie to espy who did mutilat the Register. 1701Grew Cosm. Sacra v. i. §40. 289 The Scriptures are hereby [sc. the various Lections], neither Mutilated, nor Depraved. 1824Dibdin Libr. Comp. 681 Which [book-leaves] have been dreadfully devoured or mutilated by..some..animal. 1902A. Lang Hist. Scotl. II. ix. 208 The deposition of Bowton was mutilated, to shield Murray's associates.
Hence ˈmutilating vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1562Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 218 The Tolbuith..in the quhilk he wes wardit, for the cruell onsetting upoun James Lord Ogilvy and mutilating of him of his rycht arme. 1677Gilpin Demonol. (1867) 402 The misrepresentation and abuse of it, as may be seen..in his clipping and mutilating of it. 1826E. Irving Babylon I. ii. 125 No other book..hath been permitted to escape the violent or mutilating hands of their inquisitory acts. 1827H. Steuart Planter's G. (1828) 140 The Mutilating system [of transplanting trees], now generally prevalent. Ibid., A planter, according to the Mutilating method,..then proceeds to lighten and lop the top. 1905Tuckwell Remin. Rad. Parson xiii. 189 The mutilating process became intolerable at last, and I gently dropped out of the journal. |