| 释义 |
‖ Naturphilosophie|naˈtuːrfilɔsəfiː|
Also natur-philosophie.
[G., f. natur nature + philosophie philosophy.]
The name given to the theory put forward, esp. by Schelling (1775–1854) and other German philosophers, that there is an eternal and unchanging law of nature, proceeding from the Absolute, from which all laws governing natural phenomena and forces derive. Hence naˈturphilosoph, -er, one who adheres to the theory of Naturphilosophie.
1817Coleridge Biogr. Lit. I. ix. 148 In Schelling's ‘Natur-Philosophie’,..I first found a genial coincidence with much that I had toiled out for myself. a1834― in K. Coburn Inquiring Spirit (1951) 118 The Natur-Phil[osophen] are apt to mistake the new-naming of a thing..for additional insight. Ibid. 251 These..are the passages that annoy me in the Natur-philosophen! 1846J. D. Morell Hist. View Philos. II. v. 109 For the method by which Schelling accounts for the three dimensions in space, we refer the reader to a little work containing the Elements of Schelling's Natur-Philosophie. 1892W. Wallace tr. Hegel's Logic (ed. 2) 430 The formalism of Naturphilosophie may teach e.g. that understanding is electricity. 1920A. N. Whitehead Concept of Nature ii. 47 A Natur-philosoph raises nature to independence, and makes it construct itself, and he never feels, therefore, the necessity of opposing nature as constructed (i.e. as experience) to real nature, or of correcting the one by means of the other. 1946M. R. Cohen Pref. to Logic vi. 102 Since the failure of the romantic Naturphilosophie to derive infallible knowledge of nature a priori,..it has become generally evident that all our factual knowledge..is only probable. 1957G. S. Carter 100 Yrs. Evolution ii. 16 The German abstract or transcendental zoology, usually called Natur-philosophie..owed its origin to Goethe more than to any other biologist. Ibid. vi. 70 The theories of the natur-philosophers might have done this. 1965Listener 3 June 833/1 One of the important influences which shaped the intellectual milieu of early Victorian England was German Naturphilosophie. 1974Sunday Times (Colour Suppl.) 9 June 52/4 In Germany naturphilosophie often coincided with extreme nationalism. |