| 释义 |
parasymbiosis Biol.|ˌpærəsɪmbaɪˈəʊsɪs, -bɪˈəʊsɪs|
[a. G. parasymbiose (W. Zopf 1897, in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. XV. 90), f. para-1 + symbiosis.]
The relationship between a free-living lichen and an organism (either a fungus or another lichen) which infests it and establishes a symbiotic relationship with the algæ of the lichen. So ˌparasymbiˈotic a., of or pertaining to such an association; paraˈsymbiont, an organism involved in an association of this kind.
1897Jrnl. R. Microsc. Soc. 228 Prof. W. Zopf finds fresh confirmation of his theory that many of the fungi which grow on lichens are not true parasites, but have a kind of symbiotic relationship to the host, which he terms parasymbiosis, the hyphæ of the ‘parasite’ enveloping the algal constituent of the lichen, without inflicting any injury upon it. 1921A. L. Smith Lichens vi. 264 Zopf found several instances of such parasymbiosis in his study of fungal parasites. Ibid., There occur in lichens, certain parasites classed as fungi which at an early stage are more or less parasymbionts of the host. Ibid. 265 Tobler has added two more of these parasymbiotic species on the border line between lichens and fungi. 1952Parasymbiont [see lichenized ppl. a. b]. 1967M. E. Hale Biol. Lichens x. 155 This [sc. the order Lecanorales] includes..the parasymbiotic lichen fungi. Ibid., Other parasymbionts are classified under appropriate fungal families. |