| 释义 |
participle, n. (a.)|ˈpɑːtɪsɪp(ə)l|
[a. OF. participle in Grammar (13th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), by-form of participe, ad. L. participium a sharing, partaking, in Grammar a participle.]
†1. A person, animal, or thing that partakes of the nature of two or more different classes. Obs.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) II. 167 The peple of the sowthe is meke and quiete, the peple of þe northe is more moveable and cruelle, the peple of the myddelle partes be in maner as a participulle [Higden participii vicem tenet]. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. v. §2 In all Diuersities of things there..bee certaine Participles in Nature, which are almost ambiguous to which kinde they should bee referred. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 78 In the mountaines dwelt the Curdi, that were Participles or Mungrels in Religion, professing partly Christ, partly Mahumet. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 385 Bats, flying fish and Seals be participles of nature and species of a doubtful kind, participating both of Bird and Beast. 1694R. Burthogge Reason 248 Extreams are Knit and United by Participles that partake of Both.
2. Gram. A word that partakes of the nature of a verb and an adjective (or ‘noun adjective’); a derivative of a verb which has the function and construction of an adjective (qualifying a noun), while retaining some of those of the verb (e.g. tense, government of an object); a verbal adjective. Formerly often reckoned a separate part of speech.
1388Wyclif Prol. 57 A participle of a present tens, either preterit, of actif vois, eithir passif, mai be resoluid into a verbe of the same tens, and a coniunccioun copulatif. 1530Palsgr. 65 In the frenche tong be ix partes of speche, article,..verbe, participle, adverbe [etc.]. 1590J. Stockwood Rules Construct. 16 There are three kinds of adiectiues, a noune adiectiue, a pronoune adiectiue, and a participle adiectiue. 1681J. Flavel Meth. Grace i. 12 To whom coming as unto a living stone: the participle notes a continued motion. 1751Harris Hermes i. x. (1786) 184 If we take away the assertion, and thus destroy the Verb, there will remain the Attribute and the Time, which make the Essence of a Participle. 1866Mason Eng. Gram. (ed. 2) 38 Participles are verbal adjectives, differing from ordinary adjectives in this, that the active participle can take a substantive after it as its object.
†B. adj. Participating in the nature of two things or classes; belonging partly to one and partly to another. Obs. rare—1.
1694R. Burthogge Reason 141 By the Gradation of Shades, or Participle intermediate Colours. |