| 释义 |
▪ I. Paschen1 Physics.|ˈpæʃən|
The name of L. C. H. Friedrich Paschen (1865–1947), German physicist, used attrib. and in the possessive to designate certain phenomena he discovered, as Paschen('s) curve, a graph of the breakdown voltage in a gas against the product of pressure and interelectrode distance; Paschen's law, the law that at a constant temperature the breakdown voltage in any given gas depends only on the product of the pressure and the interelectrode distance (formulated by Paschen in Ann. d. Physik und Chem. (1889) XXXVII. 90); Paschen series, a series of lines in the infra-red part of the spectrum of atomic hydrogen, with wave numbers represented by R(1/32—1/m2) (where R is the Rydberg constant and m = 4, 5,{ddd}), of which the first line has a wavelength of 1857 nanometres and the series limit is at 821 nanometres.
1903Proc. R. Soc. LXXI. 375 A general application of Paschen's law demands that the minimum spark potential must be a physical constant for each gas. 1922Paschen series [see Lyman]. 1957A. F. Monypenny tr. Penning's Electr. Discharges in Gases vi. 32 (caption) Paschen curves for breakdown between flat iron plates in various gases and gas mixtures. 1967IEEE Trans. Electr. Insulation II. 82/1 In accordance with Paschen's curve, equally large discharge voltages could also result for very small voids. 1967Paschen series [see Lyman]. 1968G. F. Weston Cold Cathode Glow Discharge Tubes ii. 59 For the case of a non-uniform field Paschen's law relating breakdown to gap width and pressure no longer holds.
▪ II. Paschen2 Med.|ˈpæʃən|
The name of Enrique Paschen (1860–1936), Mexican-born bacteriologist, used attrib. in Paschen body, each of the particles making up one of the cytoplasmic inclusions found in epithelial cells in cases of smallpox (described by Paschen in Münch. med. Wochenschr. (1906) 4 Dec. 2391).
1931Jrnl. Path. & Bacteriol. XXXIV. 122 A preparation is shown which demonstrates the presence of elementary bodies precisely similar to the Paschen and Borrel bodies. 1974J. D. Acton et al. Fund. Med. Virol. xi. 167 Although the poxviruses are DNA viruses, they replicate in the cytoplasm and produce characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions called Guarnieri bodies; the inclusions are composed of a dense aggregation of many virus particles. Virus particles are also referred to as ‘elementary bodies’ or Paschen bodies. |