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Pasquin, n.|ˈpæskwɪn|
[ult. ad. It. Pasquino, in L. Pasquīnus, F. Pasquin.
Pasquino or Pasquillo was the name popularly given to a mutilated statue, or piece of ancient statuary, disinterred at Rome in the year 1501, and set up by Cardinal Caraffa at the corner of his palace near the Piazza Navona. Under his patronage, it became the annual custom on St. Mark's Day to ‘restore’ temporarily and dress up this torso to represent some historical or mythological personage of antiquity; on which occasion professors and students of the newly restored Ancient Learning were wont to salute Pasquin in Latin verses which were usually posted or placed on the statue. In process of time these pasquinate or pasquinades tended to become satirical, and the term began to be applied, not only in Rome, but in other countries, to satirical compositions and lampoons, political, ecclesiastical, or personal, the anonymous authors of which often sheltered themselves under the conventional name of Pasquin. According to Mazocchi, in the preface to the printed collection of the pasquinate of 1509, the name Pasquino or Pasquillo originated in that of a schoolmaster (‘literator seu magister ludi’) who lived opposite the spot where the statue was found; a later tradition given by Castelvetro, 1558–9, made Pasquino a caustic tailor or shoemaker; another of 1544 calls him a barber. See L. Morandi in Nuova Antologia 1889 I. 271, 755, D. Gnoli ibid. 1890 I. 51, 275, Storia di Pasquino. The latinized form Pasquillus was already a 1544 applied both to the author and the pasquinade, in which extended application it was subseq. followed also by Pasquin.]
1. The Roman Pasquino (man or statue), on whom pasquinades were fathered; hence, the imaginary personage to whom anonymous lampoons were conventionally ascribed.
1566(title) Pasquine in a Traunce. A Christian and learned Dialogue..Wherunto are added certayne Questions then put forth by Pasquine, to haue beene disputed in the Councell of Trent. 1581Allen Apol. Eng. Colleges 97 b, Neither the Old Comedie, nor Pasquino, nor any ruffian or Carneuall-youth in Rome. 1592Wotton in Reliq. (1685) 680 The Gabell of Sixtus's time, which Pasquin told him of. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 135 At one end of this market place, in a corner of a street opposite to a publike Pallace, is the statua of Pasquin, vpon a wall of a priuate house. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy II. 229 This Pasquin is an old broken statue..jeering wits set up here, and father upon poore Messer Pasquino, their Satyrical jeasts, called from him, Pasquinades. 1686Dryden Addr. Higden 2 The Grecian wits, who Satire first began, Were pleasant Pasquins on the life of man. a1797H. Walpole Mem. Geo. II, I. 283 If Pasquin has seen wittier, he never saw more severe or less delicate lampoons. 1885Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 341 The 16th century was indeed Pasquin's palmy time, and in not a few of the rare printed collections of his utterances Protestant polemic..is mingled.
attrib.1582T. Watson Centurie of Loue lxxxi, A Pasquine piller erected in the despite of Loue.
†2. = pasquinade, pasquil 2. Obs.
1611Florio, Pasquino, an old statue in Rome on whom all Satires, Pasquins, rayling rimes or libels are fastned and fathered. 1653A. Wilson Jas. I 53 On him some unhappy Wit vented this Pasquin. 1692Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) II. 371 Wrote from Rome, the French had caused a pasquin to be fixt reflecting on the pope for conniving at the protestant alliance against his eldest son. a1745Swift Answ. Sheridan 32 Wks. 1841 I. 761/1 But enough of this poetry Alexandrine; I hope you will not think this a pasquine.
Hence ˈpasquin v. trans. [= It. pasquinare (Florio); F. pasquiner], to lampoon, pasquinade.
1682Dryden & Lee Duke of Guise Ded., Not..that any Man delights to see himself pasquin'd and affronted by their inveterate Scriblers. |