| 释义 |
perfluoro-, prefix Chem.|pəˈfluːərəʊ|
[f. per-1 5 + fluor- + -o.]
Used to designate organic compounds, radicals, etc., in which hydrogen has been replaced by fluorine to the maximum extent short of altering the characteristic functional groups of the species.
1947Industr. & Engin. Chem. Mar. 236/2 Perchlorobenzene is a high melting solid, whereas perfluorobenzene is a liquid boiling at about the same temperature as benzene... Also, the boiling points of the perfluoroalkanes having more than five carbon atoms are actually lower than those of the hydrocarbons. Ibid. 241/1 The members of the panel..made the recommendation that the prefix ‘perfluoro’ be used to denote complete substitution by fluorine of all positions attached to the carbon skeleton. 1951I. L. Finar Org. Chem. I. v. 89 When catalysts other than copper..are used,..perfluoro⁓compounds are obtained, e.g. n-heptane gives perfluoro⁓heptane. 1962P. J. & B. Durrant Introd. Adv. Inorg. Chem. xxiii. 913 Perfluoroethylene polymerises under pressure in contact with an aqueous solution of a persulphate to yield the polymer teflon. 1971Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) (ed. 2) C. 145 Halogen-containing compounds or radicals in which all hydrogen atoms, except those whose replacement would affect the nature of characteristic groups..present, have been replaced by halogen atoms of the same kind may be named by adding the prefixes ‘perfluoro-’, ‘perchloro-’,..[etc.] to the name of the corresponding non-halogenated compound or radical. 1972Materials & Technol. IV. vii. 252 The excellent electrical properties of perfluoropolymers, which have been known for many years, are shared by the simple fluorocarbons. 1976Nature 4 Mar. 8/1 Perfluoropropane, C3F8, appears to be an ideal refrigerant.
Hence perˌfluoroˈcarbon, any binary compound of carbon and fluorine, analogous to a hydrocarbon.
1947Industr. & Engin. Chem. Mar. 292/1 Until October 1941 no practical general method for the synthesis of perfluorocarbons had been reported in the literature. 1961G. H. Beaven et al. Molecular Spectrosc. i. iii. 101 Organic solvents for use down to 200 mµ are limited, in practice, to the saturated hydrocarbons and the aliphatic alcohols and ethers, although perfluorocarbons may be used more, as they become more readily available. 1972Materials & Technol. IV. vii. 231 The perfluorocarbons are synthesized either by direct fluorination using elemental fluorine or by vapour phase fluorination techniques using hydrogen fluoride and a suitable catalyst. Ibid. 251 One of the most successful ways to coat a surface is to incorporate the fluorochemical in a polymer in which the perfluorocarbon chains consitute a series of side chains. |