| 释义 |
phosgene Chem.|ˈfɒsdʒiːn|
Also -gen |-dʒɛn|.
[f. Gr. ϕῶς light + -gene, -gen (in hydrogen(e, etc.). In F. phosgène.]
A name for the gas carbon oxychloride, COCl2, originally obtained by exposing equal volumes of chlorine and carbonic oxide to the sun's rays; used as a poison gas in the war of 1914–18, and now as an intermediate in the manufacture of some synthetic resins and organic chemicals. Also called phosgene gas.
1812J. Davy in Phil. Trans. 6 Feb. 151 It will be necessary to designate it by some simple name. I venture to propose that of phosgene, or phosgene gas; from ϕως, light, and γινοµαι, to produce, which signifies formed by light. 1826Henry Elem. Chem. I. 362 Being produced by the agency of light, it was called by Dr. [John] Davy phosgene gas, but as it exhibits distinctly acid properties, it has since been better termed chloro-carbonic acid. 1898G. McGowan tr. Meyer's Hist. Chem. 425 Carbon oxychloride or phosgene..was first prepared by Davy in 1811. 1918M. Plowman Right to Live 3 They have been poisoned with phosgene. 1919C. P. Thompson Cocktails 26 The laboratory where the Corps chemists pored over the latest phials of German phosgene. 1938Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 144/1 Phosgene has a faint smell of musty hay; and it tends to work its way down into cellars and ‘dug-outs’. 1953Kirk & Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. X. 397 Throughout 1917, phosgene was the gas used in largest tonnage by all belligerents. However, mustard gas was introduced by the Germans in 1917 and gradually supplanted phosgene. 1967Simonds & Church Encycl. Basic Materials for Plastics 432/1 Both sodium hydroxide and sodium promote the bisphenol A—phosgene reaction to form polyacrylcarbonates. Phosgene is produced catalytically from chlorine and carbon monoxide. 1978A. Price '44 Vintage i. 12 His father..had been with him in the trenches and came back with a lungful of phosgene. |