| 释义 |
phosphoric, a.|fɒsˈfɒrɪk|
[ad. F. phosphorique: see phosphor and -ic.]
1. Pertaining to or of the nature of a phosphorus (sense 2); phosphorescent. [F. phosphorique 1765.]
1784Morgan in Phil. Trans. LXXV. 209 Phosphoric bodies are very different..a shell may be made to lose all its light by exposure to heat. 1786tr. Beckford's Vathek (1868) 110 Those phosphoric meteors that glimmer by night in places of interment. 1835Kirby Hab. & Inst. Anim. I. ix. 292 They [violet snails] are vividly phosphoric in the night. 1870Disraeli Lothair lvii, A phosphoric light glittered in her Hellenic eyes.
fig.1830Alford in Life (1873) 56 A thousand phosphoric sparks of poetry leaping about in my mind. 1847H. Miller First Impr. ii. (1857) 27 The phosphoric light of genius. 1900Pilot 16 June 497/1 That phosphoric brilliance of decay which brightened the court of the second Charles. 1929A. E. Coppard in Legion Bk. 61 Baxter and Brabazon..had been subjected to some phosphoric comments by the magistrate.
2. Chem. Of or pertaining to the element phosphorus; spec. applied to compounds in which phosphorus has its higher valency (pentavalent), as opp. to phosphorous; esp. in phosphoric acid = orthophosphoric acid s.v. ortho- 2 a trihydrogen phosphate, H3PO4 = P(OH)3O, a colourless, inodorous, intensely bitter acid [F. acide phosphorique, Nomencl. Chimique, 1787]; also applied loosely to phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5, as a constituent of minerals and fertilizers, and (freq. in pl.) to any of the common acids (meta-, ortho-, and pyrophosphoric acid) which contain pentavalent phosphorus.
phosphoric anhydride = phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5, a white amorphous powder. phosphoric chloride = phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5, a yellowish solid substance. phosphoric glass: see quot. 1807.
1791Tennant in Phil. Trans. LXXXI. 182 When phosphoric acid is combined with calcareous earth, it cannot be decomposed by distillation with charcoal. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. I. 65 Nitrous gas almost always detects some hundredth parts of oxygen contained in the residuum of the phosphoric eudiometer. 1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 181 At a red heat it assumes the form of a transparent liquid, and when cooled resembles the purest crystal. In this state it is known by the name of phosphoric glass. This glass is merely phosphoric acid totally deprived of water. 1876Harley Mat. Med. (ed. 6) 64 Phosphoric anhydride may be readily obtained by burning phosphorus in dry air or oxygen. 1881Lockyer in Nature 25 Aug. 397 Complex groups..like phosphoric chloride. 1912J. W. Mellor Mod. Inorg. Chem. xxx. 597 The three phosphoric acids and their salts are distinguished by the difference in their behaviour towards silver nitrate. 1941Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) V. 69/2 These phosphates have a range of from about 25–32% of phosphoric acid (P2O5). 1950N. V. Sidgwick Chem. Elements I. 745 Esters of all three types of phosphoric acid are known. 1952W. H. Waggaman Phosphoric Acid, Phosphates & Phosphatic Fertilizers (ed. 2) i. 13 The term phosphoric acid..has been, and still is used very loosely... In the fertilizer industry the term phosphoric acid refers to phosphorus pentoxide... To the chemical manufacturer and distributor phosphoric acid means orthophosphoric acid. |