| 释义 |
photography|fəʊˈtɒgrəfɪ|
[f. Gr. ϕῶς light, photo- + -γραϕία writing, delineation: see -graphy.
So far as is known, photography was introduced, along with photographic and photograph, by Sir John Herschel, in a paper read before the Royal Society on 14 March 1839. (They may have suggested themselves to him as combining the approved elements of Talbot's photo genic and Niepce's héliographie, and as being more suitable than either.) They gradually took their place as the general terms: in French, art photographique appears in the Comptes Rendus of the Académie des Sciences, VIII. 714, 6 May 1839; photographie and photographique were the terms used, for the subject generally, by Arago, in his Rapport to the Chamber of Deputies on the project of Daguerre's pension, 3 July 1839; they are in common use in tome IX of the Comptes Rendus (July to Dec. 1839): see the Table des Matières.]
The process or art of producing pictures by means of the chemical action of light on a sensitive film on a basis of paper, glass, metal, etc.; the business of producing and printing such pictures.
1839Herschel in Proc. R. Soc. (Mar. 14) IV. 131 Note on the Art of Photography, or the application of the Chemical Rays of Light to the purpose of Pictorial Representation. 1839A. Fyfe in Proc. Scot. Soc. Arts (Mar. 27) 419 Paper smeared with the solution [of lunar caustic] is darkened... Hence the process of photogenic drawing [as pub. in May, in Edin. New Phil. Jrnl. XXVII. 145, altered to Hence the art of Photography]. 1839Ed. N.P.J. XXVII. 156 (Article) Notes on Daguerre's Photography. By Sir John Robison. [Word not used in article.] 1840Herschel in Proc. R. Soc. (Mar. 5) IV. 206 A method of precipitating on glass a coating possessing photographic properties, and of accomplishing a new and curious extension of the art of photography. 1841Talbot Specif. Patent No. 8842. 7 For the purposes of economy in the processes of photography. 1864H. Spencer Biol. i. i. §13 Light..which works those chemical changes utilized in Photography. 1872Proctor Ess. Astron. xxxiii. 395 Within the last few years solar photography has made a progress which is very promising..as an aid to exact astronomy. 1893Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. XL. 796 Just now a great deal of attention is being given to chromo-photography, in which transparent colours are necessary. |