| 释义 |
▪ I. pilgrimage, n.|ˈpɪlgrɪmɪdʒ|
Forms: 3 pelrimage, pilegrim-, 4 pilgrin-, pylgryn-, 4– pilgrimage, (4–6 pylgrym-, pylgrim-, pilgrym-, pilgrem-, pylgrem-, pelgrymage, 5–6 pil-, pylgramage).
[ME. pelrim- (rarely pelrin-)age, a. OF. pelrim-, pelryn-, pelerinage, also pel(l)egrin-, peligrinage (Godef.), f. peleriner (etc.) vb., to go as a pilgrim: see pilgrim v. and -age. In ME. nearly always with m for original n, and conformed to the contemporary spelling of pilgrim. But Gower has the French form pelrinage (see pelerinage), and MSS. of c 1400 have pilgrin-, pylgrynage, with n.]
1. a. A journey made by a pilgrim; a journey (usually of considerable duration) made to some sacred place, as an act of religious devotion; the action of taking such a journey. Phr. to go on († in, † a) pilgrimage.
c1250O. Kent. Serm. in O.E. Misc. 28 Si Mirre signefiet[h] uastinge for þo luue of gode..go ine pelrimage..and to do alle þe gode þet me may do for godes luue. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 40/200 A gret pilegrimage it is i-holde..To sechen þat ilke holie stude þare seint Iemes bones beothþ. Ibid. 473/391 To don þis pelrimage ȝwy raddest thou me? c1315Shoreham i. 1028 Pelgrymage and beddyng hard, Flesch fram lykynge to arere. c1325Metr. Hom. 54, I mac mi vaiage Til sain Jam in pilgrimage. c1386Chaucer Prol. 21 In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay, Redy to wenden on my pilgrymage To Caunterbury with ful deuout corage. c1400Titus & Vespasian (Roxb.) 837 Þus bygan her pilgrinage [v.r. pylgrynage]. c1400Destr. Troy 2022 When þai hade..Perfourmet þere pilgramage, prayers and all. c1450tr. De Imitatione i. xxiii. 31 Þey þat gon muche a pilgrymage are but seldom þe holier. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 177 All Englande reioyseth that Pilgrimage is banished, and Idolatrie for euer abolished. 1631Weever Anc. Fun. Mon. 202 To this new shrined Martyr, people..flocked in pilgrimage. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 1 It was to my purpose to undertake this Pilgrimage. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India III. iii. v. 215 After a visit to Calcutta, and a pilgrimage to Mecca,..Syed Ahmed returned..to the Upper Provinces.
b. transf. or gen. A journey; a travelling about, peregrination; sojourning. Now with allusion to prec. sense: A journey undertaken for some pious purpose, or to visit a place held in honour from association with some person or event.
13..Cursor M. 2659 (Cott.) Þat þou has had in pelrimage [Fairf. pilgrimage] Þine sal it haue in heritage, Al þe kyngrike o þis land. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 287 Oon axede of Socrates why pilgremages [L. perigrinationes] stood hym to no profit. 1483Caxton (title) The Pylgremage of the sowle. (Colophon) Here endeth the dreme of pylgremage of the soule. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 68 Thow must with surges bee banged and pilgrimage yrcksoom. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. i. i. 120 Tel me now, what Lady is the same To whom you swore a secret Pilgrimage. 1694Scottow Plant. Mass. Col. Mass. Hist. Coll. (1858) IV. 306 Thus far of the Light and white side of the Pillar, which attended us in this our Wilderness Pilgrimage. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian xii, Theirs seem a pilgrimage of pleasure. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iii. I. 337 The library, the museum, the aviary, and the botanical garden of Sir Thomas Browne, were thought by Fellows of the Royal Society well worthy of a long pilgrimage.
c. fig. The course of mortal life figured as a journey, or a ‘sojourn in the flesh’, esp. as a journey to a future state of rest or blessedness.
a1340Hampole Psalter lxiv. 1 Haly saules þat turnys fra pilgrymage of þis life til endles gladnes. 1340― Pr. Consc. 1395 Þis world es þe way and passage, Þurgh whilk lyes our pilgrimage. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 101 Gyven to man here in oure pilgremage. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 1 This treatyse called the pilgrymage of perfeccion, is..diuyded in to thre bokes. 1526Tindale 1 Pet. i. 17 Se that ye passe the tyme off your pilgremage [παροικίας, Wycl. pilgrimage, Geneva dwelling, Rhem. peregrination, 1611 soiourning] in feare. 1736–7Doddridge Hymn, ‘Oh God of Bethel’ i, Who thro' this weary Pilgrimage Hast all our Fathers led. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede iv, That his mother might be..comforted by his presence all the days of her pilgrimage.
d. Pilgrimage of († for) Grace, in Eng. Hist., the name assumed for their movement by those who rose in the North of England in 1536 in opposition to the dissolution of the monasteries and other features of the Reformation.
1536Lett. & Papers Hen. VIII, XI. 304 By all the whole consent of the herdmen of this our pilgrimage for grace. [Ibid. 305 Crist crucifyid, For thy woundes wide, Us commons guyde, Which pilgrimes be Thrughe Godes grace.] a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 230 b, They named this there sedicious and traiterous voiage, an holye and blessed Pilgrimage. 1601Stow Ann. 967 (marg. Oth of the rebels in Yorke-shire.) Yee shall not enter into this your pilgrimage of grace for the common wealth onely, but for the loue that you do beare to Gods faith and the church militant [etc.]. 1823Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 331 Their enterprise was quaintly termed the pilgrimage of grace: on their banners were painted the image of Christ crucified, and the chalice and host.
2. transf. A place to which a pilgrimage is made.
1517R. Torkington Pilgr. (1884) 56 Som visited pylgrymages. 1529More Dyaloge i. Wks. 145/1 To..doo honour to their reliques, & visit pilgrimages. 1680Morden Geog. Rect., Germany (1685) 125 Seckavar..a Bishops See and Cell are of the greatest Pilgrimages in the Austrian Territory. 1864Neale in Ecclesiologist XXV. 102 The chapel of S. Odele in Auvergne, a great pilgrimage.
3. attrib. pilgrimage church, town, village, etc., a church, town, village, etc., to which pilgrimages are made.
1719J. T. Philipps tr. Thirty-four Confer. 92 How long they had lead that Pilgrimage State of Life? 1773J. Conder Let. in Evang. Mag. (1813) XXI. 92 In your pilgrimage⁓course live above, and live on Him who lives above. 1889L. T. Smith tr. Jusserand's Eng. Wayfaring Life in Middle Ages iii. iii. 348 It was..a town of inns and churches, as pilgrimage towns have generally been. 1897Daily News 30 Sept. 6/2 It [Kano] is on the pilgrimage route. 1908Westm. Gaz. 28 July 8/2 [They] paid a visit to the picturesque pilgrimage village of Sainte Anne de Beaupré. Ibid., His Royal Highness alighted and proceeded to enter the Pilgrimage Church, the steps of which were crowded with cripples and pilgrims. 1935Burlington Mag. Oct. 183/1 The great aisled transept [of Laon cathedral], she derives from the so-called ‘pilgrimage churches’ of which much has been written in recent years.
▪ II. ˈpilgrimage, v.
[f. prec. n.]
†1. intr. To sojourn, to live among strangers.
1382Wyclif 2 Kings viii. 2 And gooynge with hyre hous [she] pylgrymagid in the lond of Phylisteis many dayes. ― Jer. xxxv. 7 That ȝee lyue manye daȝes vpon the face of the lond, in which ȝee pilgrimagen. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love i. Prol., in Chaucer's Wks. (1532), As they me betiden whan I pilgrymaged out of my kyth in wynter. 1669Penn No Cross Wks. 1782 II. 356 [Moses] chuses rather to sojourn and pilgrimage with the despised afflicted, tormented Israelites in the wilderness.
2. intr. To make a pilgrimage; to go on pilgrimage. Also to pilgrimage it.
1621Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 496 It is arbitrary..vnto what Shrine..they will giue: vnto whom they will pilgrimage it. 1647R. Stapylton Juvenal vi. 555 T' Egypt she'll pilgrimage, at Meroe fill Warme drops to sprinkle Isis Temple. 1829Lamb Let. to B. Barton 25 Mar., Who..of us that never pilgrimaged to Rome? 1883G. Stephens Bugge's Stud. N. Mythol. 56 Christians in the West early pilgrimaged to the Holy Land.
Hence ˈpilgrimaging vbl. n. and ppl. a.; also ˈpilgrimager, one who pilgrimages, a pilgrim.
c1449Pecock Repr. ii. xiv. 195 The seid pilgrimaging. 1591in Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 142 Sayers and hearers of mass, pilgrimagers, papisticall magistrats. 1693tr. Emilianne's Hist. Monast. Ord. iii. 274 The Women who went thither a Pilgrimaging. 1731Gentl. Mag. I. 321 A late Edict of the French King to forbid Pilgrimaging. a1819Wolcott (P. Pindar) Wks. (1830) 186 (D.) Like pilgrimaging rats, Unawed by mortals, and unscared by cats. 1898M. P. Shiel Yellow Danger 266 Each of these pilgrimaging masses of men was in itself a nation. |