| 释义 |
pingo Geomorphol.|ˈpɪŋgəʊ|
Pl. pingos, less commonly pingoes.
[Eskimo (see quot. 19281).]
A perennial conical or dome-shaped mound (often with a crater on top) found in regions with thin or discontinuous permafrost and consisting of a layer of soil over a large core of ice, the width being much greater than the height; also, a round depression or rampart in temperate regions thought to be the remains of such a mound formed when the climate was colder.
The word is applied rather differently in quots. 1928. The current techn. use derives from that of Porsild.
[1928L. Koch in Meddelelser om Grønland LXV. 196 To denote a mountain entirely or partly covered with ice but whose form is still distinguishable, the Polar-Eskimos use the name ‘Pingo’, a term which in these regions corresponds to the name ‘Nunatak’. The best example of a Pingo is Mt. Haffner, Pingorsoak, i.e. the great Pingo. Ibid. 197 We need no name for rounded nunataks. I have, however, introduced the name Pingo..to designate a mountain entirely submerged by the Inland Ice, but setting its mark upon the surface of the ice. Ibid. 203 The easternmost of these ranges consists of a series of high and precipitous nunataks and Pingos.] 1938A. E. Porsild in Geogr. Rev. XXVIII. 46 In literature the name ‘gravel or earth mound’ seems to be fairly well established. The Eskimo name pingo, meaning conical hill, which has come into universal use in the north, is here introduced as an alternative. Ibid. 54 (caption) Pingo near Tuktuayaktok on the Arctic Sea coast east of the Mackenzie delta showing the irregular rupture of the summit. This pingo is 134 feet high. 1961,1968[see hydrolaccolith s.v. hydro-]. 1968R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 848/2 The pingos of Wales seem to belong to the open system, the water having flowed down the slope between a thin permafrost and an impervious bedrock. 1972Nature 14 Apr. 344/1 The pingos of Cardiganshire are not sparse in distribution but occur in a number of localities. 1974N.Y. Times 26 May i. 34/4 There was little but ice and snow..occasional ice-cored hillocks called pingoes, and the prominent ribbons of the winter ice road. |