| 释义 |
pneumonia Path.|njuːˈməʊnɪə|
Also rarely in anglicized form: 7 pneumonie, 9 pneumony.
[a. medical L. pneumonia, a. Gr. πνευµονία (Plut.) inflammation of the lungs, f. πνεύµων, πνευµον-, lung. So F. pneumonie (1812 in Hatz.-Darm.).]
a. Inflammation of the substance of the lungs; a disease having many varieties, induced by cold or various other causes.
1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 1012 The beginning of the Pneumonie or inflamation of the lungs. 1783W. Cullen First Lines Pract. Phys. §354 Wks. 1827 II. 56 Pneumonia, like other inflammations, often ends in suppuration. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 252 In consequence of imprudent exposure to a cold wind, she was seized with symptoms of pneumonia. 1828–32Webster, Pneumonia, Pneumony. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 147 Pneumonia occasionally attacks all cattle, but more particularly working beasts, and those that have been driven a long way. 1853Dunglison Med. Lex., Pneumony, pneumonia. 1898Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 110 Apical pneumonia of one lung is often accompanied by basal pneumonia of the other.
b. attrib. and Comb., as pneumonia patient; pneumonia bacillus, coccus, microbe = pneumococcus; pneumonia blouse colloq., a woman's blouse made of thin or light material and having a low neck-line.
1896Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 434 ‘Poultice’ or ‘Pneumonia jackets’ are garments made of a strip of thin flannel or flannelette. 1899J. Cagney tr. Jaksch's Clin. Diagn. (ed. 4) iv. 144 Some notice of the position which may be accorded to the pneumonia-coccus. Ibid. 146 The subject of the pneumonia-microbe needs further elucidation. 1902in C. W. Cunnington Eng. Women's Clothing (1952) ii. 47 The questionable morality of the ‘Pneumonia blouse’... A transparent blouse of muslin and lace with next to no collar. 1905R. Broughton Waif's Progr. xix. 209 ‘Catherine had a bad cold.’ ‘The result of a pneumonia blouse, I suppose!’ 1958Listener 2 Oct. 524/1 Clergy of all denominations denounced that shocking innovation of 1914, the open-necked ‘pneumonia blouse’. 1961Guardian 6 Mar. 10/6 Astrakhan and felt bootees shared a narrow bench with sandals and ‘pneumonia’ blouse. |